Research on Oral Diseases and Related Biomaterials

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomedical Engineering and Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2024) | Viewed by 11440

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Guest Editor
Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialist Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80121 Naples, Italy
Interests: temporomandibular disorders; orofacial pain; artificial intelligence; pediatric dentistry; oncology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We invite you to contribute to our upcoming Special Issue titled "Molecular Research on Oral Diseases and Related Biomaterials." Oral and dental health are crucial components of overall well-being, with conditions such as caries, periodontal diseases, temporomandibular joint disorders, mucosal lesions, and maxillofacial pathologies impacting systemic health. Prevention, early detection, precise treatment planning, and the biocompatibility of dental materials are pivotal in managing these conditions effectively.

The global prevalence of oral and dental pathologies underscores the importance of prevention and control, as emphasized by the World Health Organization (WHO) resolution WHA 53.17. Research on oral and maxillofacial diseases not only enhances individual health but also contributes to public health initiatives, ultimately extending average life expectancy.

In this Special Issue, we aim to explore the associated risk factors, minimal invasive therapies, and the utilization of biocompatible and eco-friendly materials and techniques. We encourage researchers and academic institutions to share their insights, experiences, and original research through contributions of clinical studies, reviews, and innovative findings.

Join us in creating a collaborative platform to advance our knowledge and practices in the realm of oral health and biomaterials.

Dr. Maria Maddalena Marrapodi
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • oral health
  • temporomandibular disorders
  • artificial intelligences
  • oral cancer
  • oral disease
  • pediatric dentistry
  • oral surgery
  • prosthodontic
  • implantology
  • oral medicine
  • orofacial pain
  • bruxism

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 612 KiB  
Article
The Influence of the Degree of Dental Implant Insertion Compression on Primary Stability Measured by Resonance Frequency and Progressive Insertion Torque: In Vitro Study
by José Rosas-Díaz, Maria Eugenia Guerrero, Nancy Córdova-Limaylla, Maisely Galindo-Gómez, Marco García-Luna and César Cayo-Rojas
Biomedicines 2024, 12(12), 2878; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12122878 - 18 Dec 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 834
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the primary stability, according to the insertion torque value (ITV) and resonance frequency analysis (RFA), of dental implants placed in standardized blocks of bone quality equivalent to type II-A bone, using three surgical undersized protocols of [...] Read more.
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the primary stability, according to the insertion torque value (ITV) and resonance frequency analysis (RFA), of dental implants placed in standardized blocks of bone quality equivalent to type II-A bone, using three surgical undersized protocols of 0.2 mm, 0.5 mm, and 0.8 mm, considering different dental implant diameters and lengths. Methods: One hundred and twenty dental implants (DIs) of different diameters (3.5, 3.8, 4.5, and 5.0 mm) and lengths (8.5, 10.0, 11.5, 13.0, and 15.0 mm) placed in polyurethane blocks equivalent to type II-A bone, according to the Lekholm and Zarb classification modified by Rosas et al., were examined with three surgical protocols of under-milling of 0.2, 0.5, and 0.8 mm. The ITV and the RFA were the determinants of primary stability, and their respective values were recorded as Ncm and the implant stability quotient (ISQ) immediately after the placement of the DIs. These were evaluated according to each surgical insertion protocol, length, and diameter of the DI under a multivariate analysis model (MANOVA). Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: It was observed that the average of the ITV was significantly higher when a 0.8 mm under-milling protocol was used (63.2 ± 14.9 Ncm) (p < 0.001). However, the ITV was significantly lower when a 0.2 mm under-milling protocol was used (25.1 ± 8.3 Ncm) (p < 0.001). On the other hand, the ISQ did not present significant differences (p = 0.166) when comparing the 0.2 (67.6 ISQ ± 5.4 ISQ), 0.5 (65.8 ISQ ± 3.4 ISQ), and 0.8 (65.7 ISQ ± 4.0 ISQ) under-milling protocols in the evaluation of the primary stability of the dental implant. The multivariate effect size (ηp2 = 0.639) indicated that the variability detected in the insertion torque and the ISQ, at the same time, was explained by 63.9% (p < 0.001) due only to the compression protocol, while the implant diameter explained this variability by 27.0% (ηp2 = 0.270) (p < 0.001) and the implant length only significantly explained this variability by 12.1% (ηp2 = 0.121) (p = 0.030). Finally, any interaction between the compression protocol, implant diameter, and length did not influence insertion torque variability or the ISQ (p > 0.05). Conclusions: It can be concluded that when the surgical protocol for subpreparation is optimal according to the prepared bone bed, regardless of the diameter or length of the dental implant used, primary stability was assured according to the ITV and the RFA in 63.9%. This finding allows us to recommend carrying out a correct analysis of bone quality in order to subsequently select the most appropriate surgical protocol for the subpreparation of the bone bed to achieve better primary stability of the dental implant. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Oral Diseases and Related Biomaterials)
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10 pages, 2303 KiB  
Article
Fingerprint Sweat Pore Density in Patients with Oligodontia: A Controlled Clinical Trial
by Jonas Q. Schmid, Jens Reimann, Claudius Middelberg, Ole Oelerich, Thomas Stamm and Ariane Hohoff
Biomedicines 2024, 12(12), 2768; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12122768 - 5 Dec 2024
Viewed by 759
Abstract
Background/Objectives: There is a lack of evidence for the relationship between sweat pores and tooth agenesis. The aim of this study was to compare sweat pore density on fingertips between a group of patients with oligodontia and a control group without tooth agenesis. [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: There is a lack of evidence for the relationship between sweat pores and tooth agenesis. The aim of this study was to compare sweat pore density on fingertips between a group of patients with oligodontia and a control group without tooth agenesis. Methods: This parallel-group controlled clinical trial included 28 patients. Fourteen patients (f/m 9/5; mean age 13.5 ± 3.5 years) with ≥6 congenitally missing permanent teeth, excluding third molars (M3), were enrolled in the study group. The matched control group consisted of 14 patients (f/m 9/5; mean age 12.8 ± 1.8 years) without tooth agenesis. Impressions of 168 fingertips (left and right index, middle, and ring fingers) of the participating subjects were taken and examined using a scanning electron microscope with a 5.85 mm × 4.29 mm region of interest at the center of the fingertip. The primary outcome was the pore-to-pore distance (μm) on a dermal ridge, and the secondary outcome was the number of sweat pores per cm2, while pore numbers were adjusted for individual body surface area (BSA). Results: There were no statistically significant differences in age, height, weight, and BSA between the groups. The study group had 11.07 ± 4.03 missing teeth, excluding M3. There was a statistically significant difference (p = 0.006) in the distance between adjacent pores on a dermal ridge between the study and control groups (354.89 ±32.41 μm vs. 340.31 ±39.04 μm). The unadjusted pore numbers showed a statistically significant difference between the groups, but after adjustment for BSA, this difference was no longer present. Conclusions: Patients with oligodontia differed from subjects without tooth agenesis in the distance between two adjacent sweat pores on a dermal ridge. However, the differences were small and of limited clinical significance. Increased pore distance appears to be a better predictor of oligodontia/ectodermal dysplasia than pore number. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Oral Diseases and Related Biomaterials)
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Review

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14 pages, 593 KiB  
Review
Miniscrew-Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion: A Scoping Review of Influencing Factors, Side Effects, and Soft Tissue Alterations
by Anca Labunet, Cristina Iosif, Andreea Kui, Alexandra Vigu and Sorina Sava
Biomedicines 2024, 12(11), 2438; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12112438 - 24 Oct 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 9442
Abstract
Background: Miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) has gained attention as an effective alternative to traditional rapid palatal expansion, particularly in adult patients. This scoping review synthesizes recent evidence to assess the clinical efficacy and safety of MARPE, addressing a gap in comprehensive, [...] Read more.
Background: Miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) has gained attention as an effective alternative to traditional rapid palatal expansion, particularly in adult patients. This scoping review synthesizes recent evidence to assess the clinical efficacy and safety of MARPE, addressing a gap in comprehensive, up-to-date analyses in this area. Objective: To present the recent assessments concerning MARPE influencing factors, side effects, soft tissue alterations, and airway changes, focusing on comparisons with conventional devices. Methods: Using PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a search of the literature published in 2018–2023 using Medline, Scopus, and Embase databases. This review focused on randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and other reviews that evaluated the outcomes of MARPE. Results: Our analysis included 75 studies and revealed that MARPE significantly improves suture expansion with fewer dental and skeletal side effects compared to traditional methods. The technique shows high efficacy in subjects up to 25 years of age, with reduced incidence of complications and improved stability of expansion. Conclusions: The results support MARPE as a viable and superior alternative for maxillary expansion in late adolescents and adults. Given its advantages over traditional methods, MARPE should be considered a standard procedure in orthodontic treatment plans. Future research should focus on long-term outcomes and optimization of patient-specific treatment protocols. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Oral Diseases and Related Biomaterials)
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