Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering for Orthopedic Applications

A special issue of Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354). This special issue belongs to the section "Regenerative Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2026 | Viewed by 893

Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Center for Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston Methodist, Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave., Houston, TX 77030, USA
2. Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, 6445 Main St., Houston, TX 77030, USA
Interests: orthopedic tissue engineering; bone and cartilage regeneration; stem cell therapy; MSC immunomodulation; biomimetic and biodegradable materials; nanomedicine

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Guest Editor
Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, 6445 Main St., Houston, TX 77030, USA
Interests: orthopedic and sports medicine; cartilage repair and osteoarthritis; cell-based regenerative therapies and orthobiologics; clinical translation and outcomes

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Musculoskeletal disorders, including traumatic injuries as well as degenerative, systemic, and inflammatory diseases, remain a leading cause of disability worldwide and still lack durable regenerative solutions. Rapid advances in cell and cell-derived therapy along with bioengineered biomaterials are opening new opportunities to restore tissue function and modulate the inflammatory microenvironment that drives disease progression.

This Special Issue aims to bring together original research articles and comprehensive reviews at the intersection of cell therapy and tissue engineering, accelerating mechanistic understanding and advancing the design, rigorous characterization, and translation of clinically meaningful strategies for orthopedic and sports medicine.

We welcome contributions spanning the full spectrum of musculoskeletal tissues and orthopedic districts, including cartilage and osteochondral defects, bone repair, meniscal and tendon/ligament injuries, intervertebral disc degeneration, and joint-associated conditions. Submissions addressing common pathologies are encouraged, including trauma, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, osteonecrosis, and inflammatory arthritis.

Topics of interest for this Special Issue include the following:

  • Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and other relevant cell types;
  • Cell-derived products, including extracellular vesicles (EVs) and secretome-based strategies;
  • 3D culture systems (e.g., spheroids and organoids) and disease-modeling platforms;
  • Advanced biomaterials (e.g., injectable systems, scaffolds, composites, and bioprinting) for stabilization, augmentation, therapeutic applications, and controlled delivery;
  • Other orthobiologics, including platelet-rich plasma (PRP), micro-fragmented adipose tissue (MFAT), and related biologic formulations.
  • Combinatorial approaches integrating cells or cell-derived products with biomaterials.

Dr. Federica Banche-Niclot
Prof. Dr. Patrick McCulloch
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • orthopedics and sports medicine
  • musculoskeletal regeneration
  • cell therapy
  • extracellular vesicles
  • biomaterials
  • translational research

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 8592 KB  
Article
Scalable Isolation of Human Umbilical Cord MSC-Derived Exosomes and Their Therapeutic Potential in Osteoarthritis
by Chao Zhou, Shimei Wu, Yanyi Zeng, Xueyan Liu, Shiye Wu, Ke Chen, Junrong Wu, Haibin Yin and Yuanyuan Zhou
Bioengineering 2026, 13(7), 770; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering13070770 - 30 Jun 2026
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disorder characterized by cartilage degradation, synovial inflammation, and osteophyte formation, yet effective therapies that alter disease progression remain absent. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-EXOs), as a cell-free regenerative medicine strategy, have shown great potential in the [...] Read more.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disorder characterized by cartilage degradation, synovial inflammation, and osteophyte formation, yet effective therapies that alter disease progression remain absent. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-EXOs), as a cell-free regenerative medicine strategy, have shown great potential in the treatment of osteoarthritis. In this study, we successfully isolated and purified exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells using a scalable tangential flow filtration (TFF)–chromatography platform and evaluated their therapeutic effects on OA model induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT). OARSI scores were significantly reduced compared with the ACLT group (p < 0.01). Exosomes administration markedly reduced osteophyte formation, preserved cartilage structure, enhanced collagen II expression (p < 0.01), and suppressed MMP13-mediated matrix degradation (p < 0.05) compared with the ACLT group. The treatment also significantly decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines, indicating alleviation of the inflammatory microenvironment. Transcriptomic profiling further revealed genes and pathways potentially associated with exosome treatment. These findings suggest that hUC-MSC-EXOs isolated and purified using TFF–chromatography exert robust chondroprotective and immunomodulatory effects, supporting their potential as an effective cell-free therapeutic candidate for OA. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering for Orthopedic Applications)
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16 pages, 5958 KB  
Article
Glycosaminoglycan-Mimetic Sulfated Chitosan Promotes Extracellular Matrix Formation and Regulates Inflammation to Alleviate Osteoarthritis
by Xinye Chen, Zirui He, Yuanman Yu, Jing Wang and Changsheng Liu
Bioengineering 2026, 13(5), 576; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering13050576 - 19 May 2026
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Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial degenerative joint disease characterized by chronic inflammation, progressive cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, and impaired joint lubrication, creating a complex pathological microenvironment that remains challenging to treat. In this study, a glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-mimetic sulfated chitosan (SCS) was synthesized [...] Read more.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial degenerative joint disease characterized by chronic inflammation, progressive cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, and impaired joint lubrication, creating a complex pathological microenvironment that remains challenging to treat. In this study, a glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-mimetic sulfated chitosan (SCS) was synthesized via chemical modification of chitosan by grafting sulfonic acid groups, aiming to address these pathological features simultaneously. The therapeutic potential of SCS in OA was systematically evaluated. In vitro results demonstrated that SCS significantly promoted ECM synthesis in chondrocytes. Tribological analysis further revealed that SCS effectively enhanced cartilage lubrication in OA porcine cartilage, as evidenced by a marked reduction in the coefficient of friction, which decreased by 19% under a 5 N load and by 30% under a 10 N load. PCR analysis showed that SCS treatment significantly upregulated chondrogenic-related genes. In addition, SCS exhibited pronounced anti-inflammatory effects by downregulating the expression of inflammatory and catabolic genes. Importantly, in vivo studies demonstrated that SCS effectively preserved cartilage ECM and alleviated synovitis. Collectively, these findings indicate that SCS can simultaneously promote cartilage matrix regeneration, improve lubrication, and suppress inflammation, thereby effectively alleviating OA progression in a complex pathological environment. This study highlights the potential of SCS as a multifunctional GAG-mimetic biomaterial for osteoarthritis therapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering for Orthopedic Applications)
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