AI-Driven Innovations in Computational Histology/Pathology

A special issue of Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosignal Processing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2025) | Viewed by 590

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Pathology, University of Yamanashi, Kofu 400-8510, Japan
Interests: virtual staining; multi-instance learning; self-supervised learning; pathology foundation models; renal pathology; breast pathology

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Guest Editor
Department of Integrative Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
Interests: cancer metabolism; epigenetics; mTOR complex; glioblastoma; molecular pathology; molecular pathology of brain tumors; neuropathology; experimental pathology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have opened up new frontiers in the field of computational histology/pathology, revolutionizing diagnostic accuracy, efficiency, and the understanding of complex medical data. In this context, the integration of cutting-edge techniques such as virtual staining, multi-instance learning, self-supervised learning, and pathology foundation models is pivotal for enhancing both research and clinical practice.

This Special Issue on “AI-Driven Innovations in Computational Histology/Pathology” will highlight original research articles and comprehensive reviews that explore and expand on these novel approaches to leverage AI for pathology applications. It will discuss breakthroughs that could transform traditional histology/pathology workflows and unlock new possibilities in precision medicine.

Topics of interest for this Special Issue include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Generative Models: Techniques and applications of digital and AI-based generative models. Virtual staining, generative image augmentation, and large-language model (LLM) applications are within this field;
  • Multi-Instance Learning (MIL): Innovative MIL models designed to analyze complex pathological images, providing robust predictions in scenarios with limited annotations and heterogeneous data;
  • Self-Supervised Learning and Pathology Foundation Models: Approaches in self-supervised learning that facilitate the training of models with minimal labeled data, as well as the application of large-scale foundation models;
  • Comparison Studies and Case Studies: The evaluation of traditional versus AI-enhanced methods of tissue analysis and diagnostics. Real-world applications of these advanced AI techniques to clinical cases and their outcomes are also discussed.

We welcome contributions that push the boundaries of current computational methods and contribute to the growing body of knowledge, aiming to enhance diagnostic precision and streamline histology/pathology practices. Research that incorporates experimentation and data-driven simulation, as well as reviews that synthesize these areas, are highly encouraged.

We look forward to receiving your submissions and are excited to feature groundbreaking work that will shape the future of histology/pathology through AI innovations.

Dr. Masataka Kawai
Dr. Kenta Masui
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • generative models
  • multi-instance learning
  • self-supervised learning
  • pathology foundation models

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 14940 KiB  
Article
Optimization of Scanning Protocol for AI-Integrated Assessment of HER2 Dual Bright-Field In-Situ Hybridization Application in Breast Cancer
by Nilay Bakoglu Malinowski, Takashi Ohnishi, Emine Cesmecioglu, Dara S. Ross, Tetsuya Tsukamoto and Yukako Yagi
Bioengineering 2025, 12(6), 569; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12060569 - 26 May 2025
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Abstract
Accurately determining HER2 status is essential for breast cancer treatment. We developed an AI-integrated in-house application for automated Dual bright-field (BF) in situ hybridization (ISH) analysis on whole slide images (WSIs), although optimal scanning conditions remain unclear. We evaluated scanners and optimized scanning [...] Read more.
Accurately determining HER2 status is essential for breast cancer treatment. We developed an AI-integrated in-house application for automated Dual bright-field (BF) in situ hybridization (ISH) analysis on whole slide images (WSIs), although optimal scanning conditions remain unclear. We evaluated scanners and optimized scanning protocols for clinical application. Ten de-identified invasive breast carcinoma cases, with HER2 immunohistochemistry and FISH results, were analyzed using three scanners and six scanning protocols. WSIs scanned by Scanner ‘A’ have 0.12 µm/pixel with 0.95 NA (A1) and 1.2 NA (A2); Scanner ‘B’ have 0.08 µm/pixel (B1); 0.17 µm/pixel (B2); and 0.17 µm/pixel with extended focus (1.4 µm step size and three layers) (B3); Scanner ‘C’ has 0.26 µm/pixel (C1) resolution. Results showed scanning protocols A1, A2, B2, and B3 yielded HER2 gene amplification status and ASCO/CAP ISH group results consistent with manual FISH as the ground truth. However, protocol C demonstrated poor concordance due to nuclei detection failure in six cases. The AI-integrated application achieved the best performance using scanning protocols with optimized resolutions of 0.12 µm/pixel and 0.17 µm/pixel with extended focus. This study highlights the importance of scanner selection in AI-based HER2 assessment and demonstrates that optimized scanning parameters enhance the accuracy and reliability of automated Dual BF ISH analysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue AI-Driven Innovations in Computational Histology/Pathology)
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