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Atmosphere
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Properties of Cirrus Cloud by Lidars: Observation and Theory
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Properties of Cirrus Cloud by Lidars: Observation and Theory

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Atmospheric Techniques, Instruments, and Modeling".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (9 June 2023) | Viewed by 6437

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Zhenzhu Wang

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Guest Editor
1. Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Optics, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
2. Nanhu Laser Laboratory, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
Interests: aerosols; lidar remote sensing; radiative forcing; cloud; atmospheric sciences; polarization; climate change; air quality; detectors; experimental physics; climatology; remote sensing; lidar; clouds; ozone; geophysics; optics; atmospheric physics; cirrus clouds
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Alexander Konoshonkin

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Co-Guest Editor
Atmospheric Radiation Research Center, V. E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics SB RAS, Akad. Zuev sq. 1, 634055 Tomsk, Russia
Interests: scattering; climatology; optics; photonics; atmosphere; meteorology; optics and photonics; optical physics; diffraction; applied optics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cirrus clouds cover over 30% of the Earth’s surface and have a significant impact on the radiative budget of our planet and, consequently, on the climate. The radiative characteristics of cirrus clouds (coefficients of scattering and extinction, as well as phase functions and scattering matrixes for various wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation) and microphysical aspects (i.e., number density, size, shape and spatial orientation of the ice crystals) must be studied because of the strong spatial and temporal variability of the clouds. A lack of knowledge concerning the radiative characteristics of cirrus clouds is one of the main sources of uncertainty in modern numerical models of the Earth’s radiative balance. Therefore, a number of international groups have dedicated their research to cirrus cloud characteristics over the course of the last 20 years. In this Special Issue, studies on the microphysical and radiative characteristics of cirrus clouds are welcomed, either via direct data collection from aircrafts or by ground-based lidar and radar soundings, as well as the remote sensing of cirrus clouds from satellites. Additionally, the numerical calculation of the optical characteristics of cirrus clouds, the microphysical characteristics of cirrus clouds, comparisons of experimental data with data banks obtained from theoretical calculations, and the parametric use of cirrus clouds for improving models are all appropriate research topics.

Dr. Zhenzhu Wang
Dr. Alexander Konoshonkin
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cirrus clouds
  • ice crystals
  • lidars
  • radars
  • optics
  • microphysics
  • scattering characteristics
  • theoretical calculations
  • modeling

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

7 pages, 3684 KiB  
Communication
Peculiarities of the Vertical Structure of Atmospheric Aerosol Fields in the Basin of Lake Baikal According to Lidar Observations
by Sergei Nasonov, Yurii Balin, Marina Klemasheva, Grigorii Kokhanenko, Mikhail Novoselov and Ioganes Penner
Atmosphere 2023, 14(5), 837; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14050837 - 8 May 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1385
Abstract
The paper briefly describes some features of the formation of aerosol fields in the water area of Lake Baikal in summer. The experimental data were collected during long-term expeditionary studies on the southeastern coast of the lake, at the Boyarsky station (51.84° N, [...] Read more.
The paper briefly describes some features of the formation of aerosol fields in the water area of Lake Baikal in summer. The experimental data were collected during long-term expeditionary studies on the southeastern coast of the lake, at the Boyarsky station (51.84° N, 106.06° E), with the use of a LOSA-M2 lidar designed at the Institute of Atmospheric Optics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences (IAO SB RAS). A complex, layered, vertical structure of the atmospheric aerosol in the mountain basin is revealed. This is caused by peculiarities of the temperature and wind regimes at this site. The general pattern of the calculated autocorrelation matrices shows a good correlation in the range of 0–1000 m (the correlation coefficient is greater than 0.5). The aerosol layers in the lower-kilometer layer are closely related to each other and have a common origin. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Properties of Cirrus Cloud by Lidars: Observation and Theory)
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15 pages, 3016 KiB  
Article
A Study on the Wide Range of Relative Humidity in Cirrus Clouds Using Large-Ensemble Parcel Model Simulations
by Miao Zhao and Xiangjun Shi
Atmosphere 2023, 14(3), 583; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14030583 - 17 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2094
Abstract
This study investigates the possible mechanisms related to the wide range of relative humidity in cirrus clouds (RHi). Under the closed adiabatic assumption, the impacts of vertical motion and ice crystal deposition/sublimation on RHi are investigated through in situ observations [...] Read more.
This study investigates the possible mechanisms related to the wide range of relative humidity in cirrus clouds (RHi). Under the closed adiabatic assumption, the impacts of vertical motion and ice crystal deposition/sublimation on RHi are investigated through in situ observations and parcel model simulations. Vertical motion is an active external force that changes the RHi, and ice crystal deposition/sublimation plays a role in mitigating the change in the RHi. They are the two most important mechanisms involved in controlling the RHi fluctuation during cirrus evolution and could well explain the wide range of RHi in wave-related cirrus clouds. Furthermore, a comparison of statistical cloud characteristics from both observations and simulations shows that a very low value (e.g., 0.001) for the water vapor ice deposition coefficient is highly unlikely. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Properties of Cirrus Cloud by Lidars: Observation and Theory)
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13 pages, 4584 KiB  
Article
Coherent Backscattering by Large Ice Crystals of Irregular Shapes in Cirrus Clouds
by Natalia Kustova, Alexander Konoshonkin, Victor Shishko, Dmitry Timofeev, Anatoli Borovoi and Zhenzhu Wang
Atmosphere 2022, 13(8), 1279; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13081279 - 12 Aug 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1842
Abstract
All elements of the scattering matrix have been numerically studied for particles of irregular shapes whose size is much larger than incident wavelength. The calculations are performed in the physical optics approximation for a particle size of 20 μm at a wavelength of [...] Read more.
All elements of the scattering matrix have been numerically studied for particles of irregular shapes whose size is much larger than incident wavelength. The calculations are performed in the physical optics approximation for a particle size of 20 μm at a wavelength of 0.532 μm. Here the scattered intensity reveals the backscattering coherent peak. It is shown that the polarization elements of the matrix reveal the surges within the backscattering peak. The angular width of the surges does not practically depend on particle shape, but depends on the particle size. It is shown that these surges are created by interference between the conjugate scattered waves propagating in the inverse directions. The results obtained are of interest for interpretation of lidar measurements in cirrus clouds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Properties of Cirrus Cloud by Lidars: Observation and Theory)
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