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Applied Sciences
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Wireless Power Transfer Systems
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Wireless Power Transfer Systems

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2024) | Viewed by 8286

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Eun S. Lee

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan 15588, Korea
Interests: wireless power transfer; grid-connected converters; resonant converters; machine learning

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As one promising solution for high-degree-of-freedom charging, wireless power transfer (WPT) technologies have been widely researched for various applications. Since the WPT techniques have the advantages of reliability, fine-view, electrical safety, low maintenance, and user convenience, many researchers and industries have been trying to develop WPT systems.

This Special Issue in Applied Science aims to highlight advances in the development, design, implementation, modeling, and validation of WPT for various applications. Authors are encouraged to submit original research articles, which should address the originality of the work, as well as practical aspects and implementation. Topics of WPT technologies that are of interest include, but are not limited to:

  • Internet of things (IoTs) and mobile devices;
  • Home/industrial appliances;
  • Electric vehicles or railway vehicles;
  • Medical and biological devices;
  • Multiple wireless charging technologies;
  • Middle- and long-distance WPT;
  • High-efficiency and high-frequency inverters and rectifiers;
  • Techniques for ambient energy harvesting and scavenging;
  • Magnetic beamforming/steering techniques;
  • GaN-devices-based WPT for high power density.

Dr. Eun S. Lee
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 6113 KiB  
Article
Research on Three-Phase Wireless Power Transfer System
by Xin Zhang, Jiaxin Gao, Xiangyu Wei, Pengxiang Gao and Longlong Wang
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 2787; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14072787 - 26 Mar 2024
Viewed by 392
Abstract
Aiming at the problems of low power, low energy transmission efficiency, and high stress in the circuit of a single-phase wireless power transfer system, this paper proposes a wireless power transfer (WPT) system with a three-phase angle difference of 120 degrees and establishes [...] Read more.
Aiming at the problems of low power, low energy transmission efficiency, and high stress in the circuit of a single-phase wireless power transfer system, this paper proposes a wireless power transfer (WPT) system with a three-phase angle difference of 120 degrees and establishes a COMSOL multi-physics simulation model for analysis. In this simulation model, the topology of the three-phase resonant compensation network is studied in detail, and the structure of the coupling coil is designed and adjusted. Compared with the single-phase system with the same environmental conditions, air gap, and operating frequency, the simulation results show that the proposed three-phase system can effectively reduce the magnetic flux leakage, reduce the stress in the circuit, and significantly improve the energy transmission efficiency. In order to verify the reliability of the simulation results, an experimental platform was built. The experimental results show that the efficiency and coupling degree of the new system are significantly improved at the resonant frequency of 47.5 kHz, and the stress in the circuit is also significantly reduced. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Power Transfer Systems)
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18 pages, 10869 KiB  
Article
A Three-Coil Constant Output Wireless Power Transfer System Based on Parity–Time Symmetry Theory
by Yuntao Yue, Jiahui Yang and Ruofan Li
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(22), 12188; https://doi.org/10.3390/app132212188 - 9 Nov 2023
Viewed by 604
Abstract
In a three-coil wireless power transfer system with relay coils, the transmission efficiency and output power of the system decreases with changes in the adjacent coupling coefficients. Controlling the power of three-coil wireless power transfer systems is also a significant challenge. To solve [...] Read more.
In a three-coil wireless power transfer system with relay coils, the transmission efficiency and output power of the system decreases with changes in the adjacent coupling coefficients. Controlling the power of three-coil wireless power transfer systems is also a significant challenge. To solve these issues, a three-coil wireless power transfer system based on parity–time symmetry is proposed in this paper. First, a three-coil parity–time wireless power transfer system was modeled based on a circuit model. Then, the transmission and gain characteristics of the three-coil parity–time wireless power transfer system were analyzed. It was found that when the system is in a parity–time-exact region, it can maintain a constant transmission efficiency and output power, and its output power is independent of the coupling coefficient. In addition, based on the output characteristics of the three-coil parity–time wireless power transfer system, a power control method and a working range detection method were proposed to attain a constant power output. Finally, a three-coil parity–time wireless power transfer system was experimentally tested. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Power Transfer Systems)
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14 pages, 6892 KiB  
Article
A Study on a Fully Integrated Coil Based on the LCCL-S Compensation Topology for Wireless EVs Charging Systems
by Junchen Xie, Guangyao Li, Seungjin Jo and Dong-Hee Kim
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(17), 9672; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13179672 - 27 Aug 2023
Viewed by 1487
Abstract
This study proposes a full integration method for the double capacitances and inductance–series (LCCL-S)-compensated inductive power transfer (IPT) of electric vehicles (EVs). The transmitter and receiver coils adopt the unipolar coil, and the compensation inductor is designed as an extended DD coil. Specifically, [...] Read more.
This study proposes a full integration method for the double capacitances and inductance–series (LCCL-S)-compensated inductive power transfer (IPT) of electric vehicles (EVs). The transmitter and receiver coils adopt the unipolar coil, and the compensation inductor is designed as an extended DD coil. Specifically, the use of an extended DD coil enhances the misalignment tolerance of the EVs. When the IPT system is in the misaligned state, a primary transfer path for magnetic flux is established between the transmitter and receiver coils, and a secondary transfer path is established between the extended DD coil and receiver coil. The distance between the two unipolar coils of the extended DD coil is optimized to maximize the magnetic flux on the secondary transfer path, thereby increasing the total power of the system misaligned state. Simultaneously, the most suitable turns and inner diameter of the extended DD coil are designed by using the finite element method (FEM) simulation tool. In order to verify the performance of the proposed integrated coil method, a 3.3 kW experimental prototype with a 100 mm air gap was constructed and compared with the conventional integration method under the same conditions. The experimental results show that the proposed magnetic coupling structure maintains at least a 63.6% well-aligned value at a door-to-door 150 mm misaligned state, and the output power of the system is 1.05 kW higher than that of the traditional integration method without extra control algorithms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Power Transfer Systems)
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17 pages, 1528 KiB  
Article
Effective Scheme for Inductive Wireless Power Coil Design Using Scan-and-Zoom Optimization
by Seung-Ha Ryu, Chanh-Tin Truong and Sung-Jin Choi
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(16), 9299; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13169299 - 16 Aug 2023
Viewed by 922
Abstract
In inductive power transfer (IPT) systems, the coil design is crucial since the power transfer efficiency (PTE) of IPT depends on the coil characteristics such as geometric shape, diameter, wire thickness, etc. The most commonly used technique for the coil is finite element [...] Read more.
In inductive power transfer (IPT) systems, the coil design is crucial since the power transfer efficiency (PTE) of IPT depends on the coil characteristics such as geometric shape, diameter, wire thickness, etc. The most commonly used technique for the coil is finite element analysis (FEA). Nevertheless, if there are more than two parameters to be designed, FEA design requires a long simulation time since the coil design problem is separated into a series of single-parameter optimization problems. Another issue of conventional FEA is difficulty in interfacing with circuit simulation. To mitigate this issue, a novel co-simulation framework of MATLAB/ANSYS Maxwell is proposed in this paper. In MATLAB, multi-dimensional optimization algorithms like scan-and-zoom are employed to determine geometric parameters to achieve high PTE and minimize the number of FEA executions while Maxwell serves to extract the circuit parameters from the geometric parameters and enhance the accuracy of calculation. The 100 W prototype IPT system is built to verify the proposed coil design scheme in this paper. The performance comparisons with the conventional methods in terms of design accuracy, simulation time, and application flexibility are performed on a pair of designed single-layer circular coils. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Power Transfer Systems)
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18 pages, 4630 KiB  
Article
Multi-Objective Optimization of LCC-S-Compensated IPT System for Improving Misalignment Tolerance
by Junfeng Yang, Rui Liu, Qingbin Tong, Xu Yang, Qiujiang Liu and Aifen Yao
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 3666; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13063666 - 13 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1177
Abstract
Due to their excellent performance, the inductor–capacitor–capacitor-series (LCC-S)-compensated topologies are extensively used in inductive power transfer (IPT) applications. However, perfect alignment of the system’s contactless couplers is difficult, which leads to serious deterioration of the system output characteristics. In this paper, the influence [...] Read more.
Due to their excellent performance, the inductor–capacitor–capacitor-series (LCC-S)-compensated topologies are extensively used in inductive power transfer (IPT) applications. However, perfect alignment of the system’s contactless couplers is difficult, which leads to serious deterioration of the system output characteristics. In this paper, the influence of the coupler misalignment on the performance of the conventional resonant system is studied. To obtain stable output against varying couplings and loads in a certain range, a novel parameter design method based on the multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm is introduced. The multi-objective optimization framework is developed to analyze the Pareto trade-offs between three conflicting performance metrics, namely output current/voltage ripple, reactive power transmission and component stress. Optimization results depict that misalignment tolerances in both constant current output (CCO)-type and constant voltage output (CVO)-type LCC-S-compensated IPT systems are improved, while a wider load range is suitable for a CCO-type system using the method of compensation parameter optimization. Experimental results are highly consistent with the design, achieving a current fluctuation of no more than 10.5% with a load range from 50 Ω to 100 Ω and a voltage fluctuation of less than 10.4% with a narrow load from 90 Ω to 100 Ω over 100% of coupling variations (from 0.25 to 0.5). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Power Transfer Systems)
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20 pages, 7508 KiB  
Article
A Multi-Domain Model for Variable Gap Iron-Cored Wireless Power Transmission System
by Federico Maria Reato, Simone Cinquemani, Claudio Ricci, Jan Misfatto and Matteo Calzaferri
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(3), 1820; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13031820 - 31 Jan 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1321
Abstract
Wireless power transfer (WPT) devices represent one of the most efficient and increasingly used technologies for the transfer of data and power in the near-field range. This work analyzes and describes a new type of device: a ferrite-cored, variable gap, high-frequency power and [...] Read more.
Wireless power transfer (WPT) devices represent one of the most efficient and increasingly used technologies for the transfer of data and power in the near-field range. This work analyzes and describes a new type of device: a ferrite-cored, variable gap, high-frequency power and data transfer system. The classic theoretical models existing in the literature for near-field communication (NFC) and WPT devices have foreseen a lumped-parameters characterization based on the representation of an equivalent circuit model (ECM). The strict interdependence between the different physical domains has clearly increased the difficulty in predicting the behavior of the device, due to the unwanted continuous and chaotic variation of the parameters. The proposed paper aims to provide a general and reliable multi-physics model based on the co-simulation of a Spice®-based ECM analysis and the ESRF Radia®-based 3D finite volume methodology (3DFVM), placing particular emphasis on the intrinsic sensitivity with respect to variables that cannot be directly controlled, such as the variation of the air gap between the coupled coils interfaces. Furthermore, this work outlines a detailed and effective experimental methodology for the estimation of static and dynamic electro-magnetic parameters and the validation of the numerical models in both the time and frequency domain, through the analysis of a real coupled WPT device. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Power Transfer Systems)
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17 pages, 5920 KiB  
Article
Analysis and Design of Wireless Power Transfer System for Rotational Inertial Navigation Application
by Meng Niu, Xinglin Sun, Hongyu Ma, Zhijuan Zhu, Tiantian Huang and Kaichen Song
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(13), 6392; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12136392 - 23 Jun 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1522
Abstract
Cables or slip-rings are often used to power loads on a rotating unit in the rotation modulated inertial navigation system (RMINS). However, these power supply methods have the disadvantages of cable winding and slip ring friction and wear, which reduces the reliability and [...] Read more.
Cables or slip-rings are often used to power loads on a rotating unit in the rotation modulated inertial navigation system (RMINS). However, these power supply methods have the disadvantages of cable winding and slip ring friction and wear, which reduces the reliability and life of the RMINS. Therefore, this paper applies magnetic coupling resonant wireless power transfer (MCRWPT) technology to the RMINS to avoid the shortcomings of the above power supply methods. Furthermore, according to the structure and working characteristics of the RMINS, a simple design method of the MCRWPT system without any feedback control is proposed. Based on the ANSYS simulation, the magnetic shielding structure is designed to reduce magnetic leakage, and the efficiency of the MCRWPT system is optimized by designing the excitation frequency. Experiments verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The experimental results show that the designed MCRWPT system can achieve an efficiency of 74.6% with an output power of 10 W and has been successfully applied to the uniaxial rotation module inertial navigation system. Finally, the design method of the MCRWPT system is simple, and it has guiding significance for the design of the wireless power transfer system in the RMINS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Power Transfer Systems)
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