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Applied Sciences
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Computational Fluid Dynamics and Its Engineering Applications
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Computational Fluid Dynamics and Its Engineering Applications

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Fluid Science and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2023) | Viewed by 6327

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Jawed Mustafa

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
Interests: computational fluid dynamics; applied fluid mechanics; solar and sustainable energy experimental and numerical heat transfer; solar radiation modeling; intelligent computational heat transfer

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Today, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a crucial component of several basic research projects and business issues. The development of new numerical methods and improved computer systems has increased the significance of CFD. In this Special Issue, we hope to present recent advances in a variety of CFD-related fields, including fundamental numerical methods and real-world CFD applications in fields as diverse as renewable energy, heat and mass transfer, HVAC, biomechanics, the polymer industry, the aerospace, chemical, and automotive industries.

We are looking for publications that focus on the differences, similarities, benefits, and downsides of using traditional numerical methods, including finite difference (FDM), finite volume (FVM), and finite element methods (FEM). As a result, this study field also encompasses the development and validation of less well-known and recently proposed numerical procedures, such as smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH), moving particle semi-implicit (MPS), and lattice Boltzmann (LBM) methods, etc. It is particularly interesting to read manuscripts that discuss the evaluation of new test cases, the optimization of flow, fluid, and geometrical parameters, and employ data-driven techniques, such as machine learning (ML) and lower order methods. Additionally, relevant unique inter-/multidisciplinary contributions in the developing fields of mechanical and chemical processes and energy engineering are welcome in this Special Issue.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • Computational fluid dynamics (CFD);
  • High-performance computing (HPC);
  • Finite difference methods (FDM);
  • Finite volume methods (FVM);
  • Computational and numerical methodology;
  • CFD in heat and mass transfer;
  • CFD in multiphase flows;
  • CFD in renewable energy;
  • Energy application;
  • Two-phase flow.

Dr. Jawed Mustafa
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 10796 KiB  
Article
Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Flow Characteristics in a Fluid Self-Lubricating Centrifugal Pump with R134a Refrigerant
by Xufeng Fang, Beile Zhang, Xinyi Lin, Hong Zhou, Shuangtao Chen, Yu Hou, Rong Xue and Ze Zhang
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(14), 8062; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13148062 - 10 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1693
Abstract
With the rapid development of information technology, researchers have paid attention to the pump-driven two-phase cooling loop technology for data centers, which imposes requirements on the efficiency and size of the pump. A fluid self-lubricating centrifugal pump with R134a refrigerant was developed to [...] Read more.
With the rapid development of information technology, researchers have paid attention to the pump-driven two-phase cooling loop technology for data centers, which imposes requirements on the efficiency and size of the pump. A fluid self-lubricating centrifugal pump with R134a refrigerant was developed to reach a higher rotation speed and oil-free system, resulting in a more diminutive size. Due to the high rotation speed and refrigerant pressure approaching saturated vapor pressure, the internal flow characteristics and cavitating characteristics are critical and complex. This paper focuses on the prototype’s head and cavitation performance based on experimental and numerical data. The experiments indicated that the head coefficient of the pump under design conditions is 0.9881, and the pump’s critical cavitation number and breakdown number are 0.551 and 0.412, respectively. The numerical results can predict the head and cavitation with deviations less than 2.6%. To study changing patterns in flow characteristics under the different operating conditions in the refrigerant centrifugal pump, the numerical model based on a modified Sauer-Schnerr cavitation model was built to analyze the distributions of pressure, temperature, relative velocity, and bubble volume across every hydraulic component and different degrees of cavitation, and proposed the influence of the thermal effect on refrigerant cavitating. The cavitating flow characteristics were obtained with the aim of providing guidance for the hydraulic design of a refrigerant centrifugal pump. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Fluid Dynamics and Its Engineering Applications)
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15 pages, 5906 KiB  
Article
A Numerical Investigation of Sloshing in a 3D Prismatic Tank with Various Baffle Types, Filling Rates, Input Amplitudes and Liquid Materials
by Elif Erzan Topçu and Eyüp Kılıç
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(4), 2474; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13042474 - 14 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1392
Abstract
Partially filled liquid-carrying tanks have been used in many engineering applications, such as ships, vehicle fuel tanks, rockets, and drink or petroleum tankers. Liquid sloshing is an exciting phenomenon that researchers are investigating because of its complex behavior specifications. In this study, the [...] Read more.
Partially filled liquid-carrying tanks have been used in many engineering applications, such as ships, vehicle fuel tanks, rockets, and drink or petroleum tankers. Liquid sloshing is an exciting phenomenon that researchers are investigating because of its complex behavior specifications. In this study, the sloshing responses of a prismatic tank with the approximate volume of an automobile fuel tank under different laterally harmonic excitation amplitudes, baffle structures, filling rates, and different types of liquid were investigated numerically. The computational fluid dynamics method (CFD) was used to solve fluid dynamics equations, and the volume of fluid method was applied to simulate two-phase flow in the tank. A validation study was performed by a literature study. Later, the effect of large and small excitation amplitudes, filling rates and fluid types on sloshing behavior were investigated and comparatively analyzed in the tank system with various baffle types. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Fluid Dynamics and Its Engineering Applications)
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14 pages, 6560 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Low-Reynolds Number k-ε Models in Prediction of a Transitional Flow with Coanda Effect
by Xin Nie, Zhihang Chen and Zehui Zhu
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(3), 1783; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13031783 - 30 Jan 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1376
Abstract
Precise prediction of ventilation flow is essential to create a comfortable, economical, and healthy indoor environment. In the past three decades, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method has been used more often, and it is now one of the primary methods for studying [...] Read more.
Precise prediction of ventilation flow is essential to create a comfortable, economical, and healthy indoor environment. In the past three decades, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method has been used more often, and it is now one of the primary methods for studying building ventilation. The most common CFD method is RANS simulation because of the low cost of computational resources and good accuracy. This paper presents a numerical investigation of a transitional ventilation flow with the Coanda effect, which makes the initial free jet transform into a wall jet. Six low-Reynolds number k-ε models proposed by Abid (AB), Lam and Bremhorst (LB), Launder and Sharma (LS), Yang and Shih (YS), Abe Kondoh and Nagano (AKN), and Chang, Hsieh and Chen (CHC) are applied. The performance of the six models is evaluated by comparing the computational results with the PIV measurements of Van Hooff et al. The predictions revealed that the LS model has a good approximation of velocity profiles because of its two extra terms in k and ε equations, and the AB model is in good agreement with experimental results for predicting the Coanda effect. The LB model provides the worst agreement with experimental data on account of the wrong prediction of turbulent kinetic energy and dissipation rate. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Fluid Dynamics and Its Engineering Applications)
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14 pages, 8104 KiB  
Article
Simulation Study on Thermal Wake Characteristics of Underwater Vehicle under Rotary Motion
by Geyang Li, Yongcheng Du and Li Yang
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(3), 1531; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13031531 - 24 Jan 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1388
Abstract
The high temperature cooling water generated by the power system of underwater vehicle is discharged through the discharge port and mixed with seawater to form a thermal wake, whose thermal characteristics can be easily detected by infrared submersible technology. In order to explore [...] Read more.
The high temperature cooling water generated by the power system of underwater vehicle is discharged through the discharge port and mixed with seawater to form a thermal wake, whose thermal characteristics can be easily detected by infrared submersible technology. In order to explore the characteristics of the thermal wake of the underwater vehicle when it rotates in fresh water, this paper uses the finite volume method to establish a three-dimensional scaled SUBOFF mathematical model, and then combines the overlapping grid technology to numerically simulate the rotation of the underwater vehicle in the background waters. The thermal wake experimental platform is established to verify the reliability of the numerical simulation method by comparing the direct flight experiment with the simulation results. The near-field cooling water trajectory and far-field wake spatial evolution behind the rotary body are analyzed, and the abnormal characteristics of water surface temperature are obtained. The results show that the thermal wakes on the turning side and the deviation side are greatly affected by the vortex caused by the body, and have great differences in morphology, motion trajectory and temperature characteristics. When the thermal wakes on both sides rise to the water surface, an arc-shaped water surface temperature anomaly area composed of two high-temperature hot spots is formed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Fluid Dynamics and Its Engineering Applications)
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