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Advances in Electrical Insulation Systems
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Advances in Electrical Insulation Systems

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 7604

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Zhikang Yuan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
Interests: smart dielectrics; nonlinear composite; outdoor insulation; electric properties
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Special Issue "Advances in Electrical Insulation Systems" aims to present the latest advancements and innovations in the field of electrical insulation, encompassing a range of topics from materials science to engineering applications. This issue explores the latest research on insulation materials, their properties, and the design of insulation systems that enhance the performance and reliability of electrical equipment. It also delves into the challenges faced in developing insulation systems that can withstand extreme conditions, such as high voltages and temperatures. The contributions in this issue highlight the importance of insulation in ensuring the safety and efficiency of electrical systems and equipment, making it a crucial aspect of modern electrical engineering. This Special Issue provides a platform for researchers, engineers, and practitioners to share their insights and experiences, fostering collaboration and innovation in the field of electrical insulation systems.

Dr. Zhikang Yuan
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • electrical insulation materials
  • insulation system design
  • high voltage insulation
  • insulation properties
  • insulation failure mechanisms
  • safety and reliability of electrical systems
  • insulation testing and evaluation
  • advanced insulation technologies

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 6007 KiB  
Article
Comparison of DC XLPE Insulation Under Two Manufacturing Processes: From Electrical Tree to Molecular Weight Distribution
by Zhimin Yan, Bo Qiao, Wei Yang, Lei Zhang, Yanjie Le and Zhe Zheng
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(24), 11915; https://doi.org/10.3390/app142411915 - 19 Dec 2024
Viewed by 971
Abstract
High-performance cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) is currently employed in ultra-high-voltage direct current (UHVDC) cables, with the electrical tree being an important cause of DC cable breakdown. The comparison of XLPE samples under different manufacturing processes can provide a reference for the progress of cable [...] Read more.
High-performance cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) is currently employed in ultra-high-voltage direct current (UHVDC) cables, with the electrical tree being an important cause of DC cable breakdown. The comparison of XLPE samples under different manufacturing processes can provide a reference for the progress of cable production processes. This paper compares laboratory-prepared XLPE samples (DC-XLPE) with XLPE samples extracted from actual cables (Cable-XLPE) through electrical tree experiments, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The experimental findings indicate that the breakdown time of DC-XLPE increased by nearly 50% compared to Cable-XLPE, with slower electrical tree growth and lower average discharge magnitude observed. Overall, DC-XLPE exhibited superior resistance to DC electrical tree and partial discharge. XRD and GPC analyses revealed minimal differences in crystallinity and grain size between the two types, with the primary distinction being DC-XLPE’s notably higher molecular weight and more concentrated molecular weight distribution. The differences in physicochemical properties may be attributed to more precise and uniform temperature control during the crosslinking process in laboratory settings, as well as a higher removal rate of crosslinking byproducts, ultimately leading to enhanced resistance to electrical tree and partial discharge in DC-XLPE. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Electrical Insulation Systems)
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18 pages, 13343 KiB  
Article
Exploring High Voltage Potential of 3D Printed Capacitors: A Filament-Based Comparison Through Dielectric Performance Analysis
by Cihat Cagdas Uydur and Firat Akin
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(24), 11894; https://doi.org/10.3390/app142411894 - 19 Dec 2024
Viewed by 3915
Abstract
Recent advancements in 3D printing technology have enabled the rapid production of complex structures, yet the dielectric performance of 3D printing materials and their potential for manufacturing electrical components remain insufficiently studied. In this study, a capacitor rated at 10 kV with a [...] Read more.
Recent advancements in 3D printing technology have enabled the rapid production of complex structures, yet the dielectric performance of 3D printing materials and their potential for manufacturing electrical components remain insufficiently studied. In this study, a capacitor rated at 10 kV with a capacitance of 1 nF was designed and developed for high-voltage applications. During the production of the capacitor, the insulating and conductive parts were fabricated using a 3D printer. While PLA, ABS, ASA, and PETG were employed as insulating materials, aluminum was chosen as the conductive part. Theoretical calculations and the finite element method were used to validate the measured capacitance of the equipment. The performance of the prototype capacitor was analyzed through partial discharge inception voltages (PDIV), dissipation factor (tanδ), and breakdown voltage measurements. Dissipation factor measurements were performed at 2 and 4 kV voltages in the 50–400 Hz frequency range. The performance of employed materials was comparatively analyzed through experimental and simulation results. Finally, the impact of different insulating materials on the dielectric performance of the prototype capacitors was evaluated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Electrical Insulation Systems)
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15 pages, 6729 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Dielectric Strength for 3D Printed Solid Materials in Terms of Insulation Coordination
by Cihat Cagdas Uydur
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(24), 11860; https://doi.org/10.3390/app142411860 - 18 Dec 2024
Viewed by 1242
Abstract
Insulating materials can be classified into solid, liquid, and gaseous forms. Solid insulation materials are divided into different types such as organic, inorganic, and polymer types. In electrical circuits, solid insulation materials are generally used as components that provide insulation and mechanical support. [...] Read more.
Insulating materials can be classified into solid, liquid, and gaseous forms. Solid insulation materials are divided into different types such as organic, inorganic, and polymer types. In electrical circuits, solid insulation materials are generally used as components that provide insulation and mechanical support. In recent years, as a result of developing technologies, the production of participation insulation materials with 3D printing technology has become widespread. Three-dimensional printing technology enables the rapid creation of objects by combining materials based on digital model data. It is important to evaluate the materials produced with 3D printing in terms of insulation coordination. Studies have shown that the electrical breakdown strength of solid dielectrics varies depending on factors such as sample type, thickness, the magnitude of applied voltage, and the temperature of the physical environment. According to IEC-60243 standards, there are various methods to measure the breakdown strength of solid insulators applied to different voltage types. In this study, the behavior of PLA, ABS, ASA, PETG, and PC/ABS materials produced with 3D printing and having the potential to be used as insulation materials when exposed to high voltage within the scope of insulation coordination was investigated. The breakdown strengths of solid insulation materials produced with 3D printing were measured in the high-voltage laboratory within the scope of IEC-60243. Breakdown strength was statistically evaluated with the Weibull distribution. Damage analysis of the breakdowns in the test specimens was examined in detail with ImageJ software. With the comparative analysis, the behaviors of PLA, ABS, ASA, PETG, and PC/ABS solid insulation materials were revealed and their superiority over each other was determined. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Electrical Insulation Systems)
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21 pages, 7048 KiB  
Article
Statistical Analysis of AC Breakdown Performance of Epoxy/Al2O3 Micro-Composites for High-Voltage Applications
by Changyeong Cheon, Dongmin Seo and Myungchin Kim
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(22), 10506; https://doi.org/10.3390/app142210506 - 14 Nov 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1092
Abstract
Thanks to the performance improvement introduced by micro sized functional fillers, application of epoxy composites for electrical insulation purposes has become popular. This paper investigates the dielectric properties of epoxy micro-composites filled with alumina (Al2O3). In particular, measurements of [...] Read more.
Thanks to the performance improvement introduced by micro sized functional fillers, application of epoxy composites for electrical insulation purposes has become popular. This paper investigates the dielectric properties of epoxy micro-composites filled with alumina (Al2O3). In particular, measurements of relative permittivity, dissipation factor, and electrical breakdown are performed, and a comprehensive statistical analysis on dielectric properties was conducted. AC breakdown strength (AC-BDS) was analyzed for normal distribution using four methods (Anderson–Darling, Shapiro–Wilk, Ryan–Joiner, and Kolmogorov–Smirnov). In addition, the AC-BDS was analyzed at risk probabilities of 1%, 5%, 10%, and 50% using Weibull distribution functions. Both normal and Weibull distributions were evaluated using the Anderson–Darling (A-D) statistic and p-value. Additionally, the log-normal, gamma, and exponential distributions of AC-BDS were examined by A-D goodness-of-fit test. The hypothesis test results of AC-BDS were fit by normal and Weibull distributions, and the compliance was evaluated by p-value and each method statistics. In addition, the experimental results of AC-BDS were fit by log-normal and gamma distributions, and the goodness-of-fit was evaluated by p-value and A-D testing. On the other hand, exponential distribution was not suitable for p-value and A-D testing. The results showed that the distributions of AC-BDS were the best using log-normal distribution. Meanwhile, statistical analysis results verified the apparent effect of temperature on dielectric properties using a paired t-test. The analysis results of this paper not only contribute to better characterization of epoxy/Al2O3 micro-composites but also introduce a comprehensive approach for performing statistical analysis for electrical insulation materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Electrical Insulation Systems)
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