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Applied Sciences
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Greenhouse Integrated Photovoltaic System II
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Greenhouse Integrated Photovoltaic System II

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 December 2020) | Viewed by 13757

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Ángel-Jesús Callejón-Ferre

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Department of Engineering, University of Almería, Research Center CIMEDES, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (CeiA3), 04120 La Cañada de San Urbano, Almería, Spain
Interests: renewable energy in greenhouses; occupational health and safety in agriculture
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Consumers demand sustainable agricultural products that are respectful of the environment and of the workers who obtain them.

Many crops (mainly ornamental, vegetables, and fruit) are developed in different types of greenhouses depending on the country where they are located. This fact requires the use of renewable energies (hydro, wind, geothermal, biomass, and solar).

The integration of photovoltaic systems in greenhouse crops is a reality. Covers, irrigation systems, automata, mechanisms, machinery, ventilation, cooling, heating, etc. need energy for their operation.

The adaptation of different photovoltaic systems to each type of crop, type of greenhouse, and location requires precise studies to guarantee its technical and economic viability.

Prof. Dr. Ángel-Jesús Callejón-Ferre
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • greenhouse crops and solar panels
  • solar photovoltaic greenhouses
  • photovoltaic irrigation systems
  • solar radiation distribution in photovoltaic greenhouses
  • greenhouse roofs for energy
  • photovoltaic systems in agriculture
  • other photovoltaic systems

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 4112 KiB  
Article
Simulation of Radiation and Crop Activity in a Greenhouse Covered with Semitransparent Organic Photovoltaics
by Catherine Baxevanou, Dimitrios Fidaros, Nikolaos Katsoulas, Evangelos Mekeridis, Chrisostomos Varlamis, Alexandros Zachariadis and Stergios Logothetidis
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(7), 2550; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10072550 - 08 Apr 2020
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 3605
Abstract
A solution to the problem of reduction of available photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) due to the cover with conventional opaque photovoltaics (PV) of greenhouses is the use of semitransparent PV. The question is how dense the semitransparent PV should be and how dense [...] Read more.
A solution to the problem of reduction of available photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) due to the cover with conventional opaque photovoltaics (PV) of greenhouses is the use of semitransparent PV. The question is how dense the semitransparent PV should be and how dense the coverage should be in order not to burden plant growth. The present paper assesses the effect of the use of semitransparent organic photovoltaics (OPV) on the greenhouse roof cover on the available PAR inside the greenhouse. The method used is to simulate the transmission of radiation through the cover and into the greenhouse with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) using the discrete ordinates (DO) model. Three combinations of OPV/cover that give a normal (perpendicular) transmittance to PAR of 30%, 45%, and 60%, defining the required PV covering, were examined. Then the radiation transmission during eight indicative solar days was simulated. The results are given in terms of available PAR radiation inside the greenhouse and of crop photosynthesis rate, comparing them with the results of a polyethylene cover without OPVs and external conditions. The reduction observed to the mean daily PAR radiation integral for the cases with normal PAR transmittance of 30%, 45%, and 60% in relation to the bare polyethylene (PE) was 77%, 66%, and 52%, respectively while the respective simulated reduction to the daily average photosynthesis rate was 33%, 21%, and 12%, respectively. Finally, the yearly power production from the OPV per greenhouse length meter for the cases with normal PAR transmittance of 30%, 45%, and 60% was 323, 242, and 158 kWh m−1 y−1, respectively. The results of this work could be further used for the optimization of greenhouse design for maximizing the PAR at the crop level. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Greenhouse Integrated Photovoltaic System II)
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20 pages, 11230 KiB  
Article
Intelligent Control of the Microclimate of an Agricultural Greenhouse Powered by a Supporting PV System
by Jamel Riahi, Silvano Vergura, Dhafer Mezghani and Abdelkader Mami
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(4), 1350; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10041350 - 17 Feb 2020
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 5452
Abstract
An agricultural greenhouse is a complex and Multi-Input Multi-Output MIMO system in which the internal parameters create a favorable microclimate for agricultural production. Temperature and internal humidity are two parameters that have a major impact on greenhouse yield. The objective of this study [...] Read more.
An agricultural greenhouse is a complex and Multi-Input Multi-Output MIMO system in which the internal parameters create a favorable microclimate for agricultural production. Temperature and internal humidity are two parameters that have a major impact on greenhouse yield. The objective of this study was to propose a simulated dynamic model in a MATLAB/Simulink environment for experimental validation. Moreover, a fuzzy controller was designed to manage a greenhouse indoor climate by means of an asynchronous motor for ventilation, heating, humidification, etc. An intelligent system to control these actuators for an optimal inside climate was implemented in the model. The dynamic model was validated by comparing the simulation results to experimental measurements. These results showed the effectiveness of the control strategy in regulating the greenhouse indoor climate. Finally, a photovoltaic generator was modeled, with the aim of reducing the costs of agricultural production. It feeds the asynchronous motor with a vector control optimized by fuzzy logic that drives a variable speed fan. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Greenhouse Integrated Photovoltaic System II)
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21 pages, 7055 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Different Levels of Shading in a Photovoltaic Greenhouse with a North–South Orientation
by Guadalupe López-Díaz, Angel Carreño-Ortega, Hicham Fatnassi, Christine Poncet and Manuel Díaz-Pérez
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(3), 882; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10030882 - 28 Jan 2020
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 4138
Abstract
Photovoltaic greenhouses have been claimed to be a solution to cover the energy demand of the protected crops sector. Thus, there is a need to know what is the maximum percentage of shading produced by roof-top photovoltaic panels that does not affect crop [...] Read more.
Photovoltaic greenhouses have been claimed to be a solution to cover the energy demand of the protected crops sector. Thus, there is a need to know what is the maximum percentage of shading produced by roof-top photovoltaic panels that does not affect crop yields. The present study analyzes the effects of increasing percentages of shading in a greenhouse tomato crop located in the southeast of Spain. For this study, photovoltaic panels have been simulated with opaque sheets located in the roof-top of a north–south oriented greenhouse. Three treatments of top roof shading percentage (15%, 30% and 50%) where studied and compared with the control treatment without shading (0%). During the study, parameters registered were radiation, temperature, pH and electric conductivity of the substrate, crop yields and fruit quality. Results of the analysis show that higher percentages of shading in the roof-top of greenhouses reduce so much available radiation for the crop causing a reduction in the yield and fruit quality, even in Mediterranean areas where radiation is not a limiting factor. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Greenhouse Integrated Photovoltaic System II)
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