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Applied Sciences
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Developments and Advancements for Electric and Hybrid Vehicles
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Developments and Advancements for Electric and Hybrid Vehicles

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Science and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 February 2023) | Viewed by 4293

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Ralf Stetter

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ravensburg-Weingarten University (RWU), 88250 Weingarten, Germany
Interests: design and development in automotive technology
Prof. Dr. Benedikt Reick

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical Engineering, Ravensburg-Weingarten University (RWU), 88250 Weingarten, Germany
Interests: automotive technology and electromobility

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Climate change and the need for sustainable use of the earth's resources, as well as the on-going worldwide trend towards individual mobility, lead to the necessity to provide vehicles which can be powered with regenerative energies. Today, a wide-spread consensus can be observed that electric and hybrid vehicles will be one of the cornerstones of a successful transformation towards sustainable mobility.

In recent years, several electric and hybrid vehicles were developed and successfully launched in the international car market. However, several issues such as the limited range, the high vehicle weight, the charging time, and safety issues, require further development and advancements. This Special Issue intends to offer a forum for ongoing developments, fundamental improvements and break-trough ideas. The topics of interest include, but are not limited to:

  • Improved electric and hybrid drivetrains;
  • Improved batteries for electric and hybrid vehicles;
  • Improved battery charging strategies and technology;
  • Improved vehicle concepts for electric and hybrid vehicles;
  • Improved suspension systems for electric and hybrid vehicles;
  • Improved car interiors for electric and hybrid vehicles;
  • Improved methods for the product development of electric and hybrid vehicles;
  • Improved coordination of electric and hybrid vehicles;
  • Improved production methods for electric and hybrid vehicles;
  • Improved safety of electric and hybrid vehicles.

Prof. Dr. Ralf Stetter
Prof. Dr. Benedikt Reick
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • electromobility
  • electrical drive-train
  • battery technology
  • safety of electrical cars
  • hybrid vehicles
  • electrical vehicles

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

23 pages, 6640 KiB  
Article
Electrified Powertrain Development: Distributed Co-Simulation Protocol Extension for Coupled Test Bench Operations
by Philip Rautenberg, Philipp Weber, Jan Philipp Degel, Stefan Hähnlein, Frank Gauterin, Thomas Koch, Martin Doppelbauer and Marcus Gohl
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(4), 2657; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13042657 - 18 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1507
Abstract
The increasingly stringent CO2 emissions standards require innovative solutions in the vehicle development process. One possibility to reduce CO2 emissions is the electrification of powertrains. The resulting increased complexity, as well as the increased competition and time pressure make the use [...] Read more.
The increasingly stringent CO2 emissions standards require innovative solutions in the vehicle development process. One possibility to reduce CO2 emissions is the electrification of powertrains. The resulting increased complexity, as well as the increased competition and time pressure make the use of simulation software and test benches indispensable in the early development phases. This publication therefore presents a methodology for test bench coupling to enable early testing of electrified powertrains. For this purpose, an internal combustion engine test bench and an electric motor test bench are virtually interconnected. By applying and extending the Distributed Co-Simulation Protocol Standard for the presented hybrid electric powertrain use case, real-time-capable communication between the two test benches is achieved. Insights into the test bench setups, and the communication between the test benches and the protocol extension, especially with regard to temperature measurements, enable the extension to be applied to other powertrain or test bench configurations. The shown results from coupled test bench operations emphasize the applicability. The discussed experiences from the test bench coupling experiments complete the insights. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Developments and Advancements for Electric and Hybrid Vehicles)
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25 pages, 22515 KiB  
Article
Analysis and Synthesis of Architectures for Automotive Battery Management Systems
by Lukas Schärtel, Benedikt Reick, Markus Pfeil and Ralf Stetter
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(21), 10756; https://doi.org/10.3390/app122110756 - 24 Oct 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2325
Abstract
Current batteries of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) require a battery management system (BMS) in order to enable a safe and long-lasting operation. The main functions of the battery management systems are a continuous monitoring of the voltage of each cell, a continuous monitoring [...] Read more.
Current batteries of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) require a battery management system (BMS) in order to enable a safe and long-lasting operation. The main functions of the battery management systems are a continuous monitoring of the voltage of each cell, a continuous monitoring of the battery temperature, the control of the charge current and the discharge current as well as the prevention of both a deep discharge and an overcharging. For the realization of these functions, different architectures are possible, ranging from an individual intelligent system at each cell up to a realization of the whole BMS within one central computing unit for the whole vehicle. This paper investigates and structures different architectural possibilities, discusses analysis possibilities and presents approaches for the synthesis of sensible architectures such as BMS. A concept synthesis for the start-up and shut-down of the high-voltage system is presented by comparing three different integrated pre- and discharging circuits and using a Hardware-in-the-Loop (HiL) program as an example. Finally, a topology consisting of three switches and two resistors (3S2R2) turns out to be the best one, due to the number of components, safety and price. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Developments and Advancements for Electric and Hybrid Vehicles)
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