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Applied Sciences
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Advanced Construction Technologies in Underground Engineering
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Advanced Construction Technologies in Underground Engineering

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Civil Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2022) | Viewed by 9152

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Haizuo Zhou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Civil Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
Interests: soil–structure interaction; excavation; ground improvement
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Yu Diao

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
School of Civil Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
Interests: soil–structure interaction; numerical calculation of geotechnical engineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Underground construction, referring to the construction of underground tunnels, shafts, chambers, excavations, and passageways,  is vital for human communities. It encounters a number of challenges, including geotechnical issues of deformation and stability and ecological assets. The Special Issue entitled “Advanced Construction Technologies in Underground Engineering” aims to collect the latest technologies related to underground engineering and designs for the future. This Special Issue welcomes investigations into underground space design, interactions between geotechnical media and underground structures, novel construction approaches, advanced monitoring, equipment, and waterproof methods, retaining/support technologies, lessons learned from high-quality case histories, and topics relevant to underground infrastructure engineering with cost-effective and efficient construction.

Dr. Haizuo Zhou
Dr. Yu Diao
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • underground structures
  • excevation
  • tunnel
  • advanced construction technologies

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 4915 KiB  
Article
Prediction of Ground Movements and Impacts on Adjacent Buildings Due to Inclined–Vertical Framed Retaining Wall-Retained Excavations
by Gang Zheng, Zhiyi Guo, Qianhui Guo, Shuai Tian and Haizuo Zhou
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(17), 9485; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13179485 - 22 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1115
Abstract
Inclined–vertical framed retaining walls were recently developed and successfully adopted in engineering practice. However, relevant empirical methods for the evaluation of ground movements due to excavation have not been established. This study aimed to establish a calculation method for assessing ground movement due [...] Read more.
Inclined–vertical framed retaining walls were recently developed and successfully adopted in engineering practice. However, relevant empirical methods for the evaluation of ground movements due to excavation have not been established. This study aimed to establish a calculation method for assessing ground movement due to excavation and to evaluate the damage probability of nearby buildings. A series of numerical models were carried out, and a database was established with their results. In this paper, simplified equations are proposed for predicting the profiles of subsurface and surface settlements, as well as lateral movements, utilizing the database. The accuracy of the simplified equations was validated by monitoring data from three case histories of the inclined–vertical framed retaining wall. Finally, the damage potential index was used to obtain the probability of damage to buildings located outside the excavations, while considering different positions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Construction Technologies in Underground Engineering)
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16 pages, 3944 KiB  
Article
Study on the Deformation Induced by Vertical Two-Layer Large Diameter Pipe-Jacking in the Soil-Rock Composite Stratum
by Guangbiao Shao, Nan Yang and Jianyong Han
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(24), 12780; https://doi.org/10.3390/app122412780 - 13 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1556
Abstract
Aiming at the features of deformation caused by large diameter vertical two-layer pipe jacking in the soil-rock composite stratum, on-site monitoring and numerical analysis has been done based on an electric power tunnel project constructed with the pipe jacking method, in which the [...] Read more.
Aiming at the features of deformation caused by large diameter vertical two-layer pipe jacking in the soil-rock composite stratum, on-site monitoring and numerical analysis has been done based on an electric power tunnel project constructed with the pipe jacking method, in which the upper tunnel is located in the soil layer and the lower tunnel is partially located in the rock layer. The research shows that: (1) During upper pipe jacking construction, the maximum transverse and longitudinal ground settlements are about three times those of the lower pipe jacking construction, and the maximum horizontal lateral displacement is about 3.3 times the lower pipe jacking construction. (2) Total ground settlement increases rapidly with the reduction of vertical clear spacing of the upper and lower pipe, and the superimposed effect should be taken into consideration during the vertical arranged pipe-jacking construction. (3) The Peck formula, which is used to estimate lateral surface subsidence distribution, is modified to make it more applicable in the soil–rock composite stratum to calculate the ground settlement induced by the construction of pipe-jacking. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Construction Technologies in Underground Engineering)
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10 pages, 1975 KiB  
Article
Surface Settlement during Tunneling: Field Observation Analysis
by Armen Z. Ter-Martirosyan, Rustam H. Cherkesov, Ilya O. Isaev and Victoria V. Shishkina
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(19), 9963; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12199963 - 04 Oct 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1529
Abstract
We address the effect of three groups of factors on supplementary ground surface displacements during tunnel construction. The first group of factors includes the engineering and geological properties of the massif in which the tunneling is conducted; the second group includes the structural [...] Read more.
We address the effect of three groups of factors on supplementary ground surface displacements during tunnel construction. The first group of factors includes the engineering and geological properties of the massif in which the tunneling is conducted; the second group includes the structural features of the designed tunnels and surrounding buildings, and the third group includes the engineering parameters of the tunneling process. The research takes advantage of the geotechnical monitoring data obtained during the construction of underground facilities and the engineering parameters of shield tunneling during construction of single- and double-track Moscow underground lines by using EPB (earth pressure balance)–TBM (tunnel boring machines) in different soils. The dependence of additional displacements, occurring above the designed tunnel, on the TBM pressure, is addressed in detail. The presence of a close interdependence is evidenced by a correlation coefficient equal to 0.77. No dependence of the settlement on the diameter or depth of the designed tunnel, the distance from the tunnel axis to the monitored object, the loading that comes from a building in the affected area, or the boring rate was identified. The consideration of this parameter can be used to predict the soil displacement around the tunnel at construction facilities having similar geological profiles and boring parameters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Construction Technologies in Underground Engineering)
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19 pages, 4494 KiB  
Article
Research on the Analytical Conversion Method of Q-s Curves for Self-Balanced Test Piles in Layered Soils
by Xiaoduo Ou, Guangyuan Chen, Lu Bai, Jie Jiang, Yuchu Zeng and Hailiang Chen
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(17), 8435; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12178435 - 24 Aug 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1118
Abstract
An analytical conversion method was developed for the self-balanced test results of monopile bearing capacity in layered soils to realize the better applicability of the self-balanced test theory for the bearing capacity test of foundation piles. To the additional settlement of the lower [...] Read more.
An analytical conversion method was developed for the self-balanced test results of monopile bearing capacity in layered soils to realize the better applicability of the self-balanced test theory for the bearing capacity test of foundation piles. To the additional settlement of the lower pile bottom brought on by the negative friction of the upper pile soil during the loading process in layered soils, the interaction effect between the upper piles and lower piles is first taken into account. To accurately convert the results of the self-balanced test pile into the traditional static load test curve form and solve the ultimate bearing capacity, the displacements and internal forces at micro-segment piles in each layer of soil were obtained using the finite difference method. Then, for verification, conventional static test piles and indoor model tests were conducted in a multi-layered ground foundation. The outcome demonstrates that the simplified conversion method’s bearing capacity of the test pile is greater than that of the traditional static pressure test, the analytical conversion method’s Q-s curve is relatively similar to the results of the conventional static load test, and the accuracy of the analytical conversion results is increased by about 9.3 percent. At the same time, the analytical conversion method was applied to the self-balanced test project of bored cast-in-place piles in Wutong Garden, Laibin, Guangxi, China, and the accurate bearing capacity and internal force deformation characteristics were obtained. The accuracy of the calculation result is improved by 12% compared with that of the simple conversion calculation result. Therefore, it can be widely promoted and applied in self-balanced pile bearing capacity test projects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Construction Technologies in Underground Engineering)
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15 pages, 3956 KiB  
Article
Numerical Analysis for Ground Subsidence Caused by Extraction Holes of Removed Piles
by Shinya Inazumi, Shuichi Kuwahara, Supakij Nontananandh, Apiniti Jotisankasa and Susit Chaiprakaikeow
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(11), 5481; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12115481 - 28 May 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1283
Abstract
Around the world, and especially in Japan, the tearing down of social infrastructure, including civil engineering structures, has been increasing due to the aging of these constructions, which were built during a period of high economic growth, and a decrease in their utilization [...] Read more.
Around the world, and especially in Japan, the tearing down of social infrastructure, including civil engineering structures, has been increasing due to the aging of these constructions, which were built during a period of high economic growth, and a decrease in their utilization caused by a recent drop in the population. The number of existing pile foundations being pulled out has gradually risen to a higher number than that of pile foundations being newly installed. However, after the pulling-out of a pile foundation, the mechanical characteristics of the surrounding ground are of great concern due to the existence of the holes that form when the existing piles are removed (extraction holes). In this study, a three-dimensional elasto-plastic consolidation analysis was performed to examine the effect of the extraction holes of removed piles on the static properties of the surrounding ground. As examples of the results of the analysis, if an extraction hole of a removed pile is left as it is, large ground subsidence will occur near the extraction hole of removed pile, especially at the lower part of the clay layer near the hole. The greater the number of extraction holes of removed piles, the greater the compressive stress acting on the extraction holes after the pile removal. Therefore, the filler should exhibit strength early as the number of extraction holes of removed piles increases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Construction Technologies in Underground Engineering)
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12 pages, 4011 KiB  
Article
Hydro-Mechanically Coupled Numerical Modelling on Vibratory Open-Ended Pile Driving in Saturated Sand
by Jiabin Wei, Weidong Wang and Jiangbin Wu
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(9), 4527; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12094527 - 29 Apr 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1465
Abstract
Vibratory pile diving with resonance-free technique is an advanced construction approach that can play an important part in underground engineering. This paper aims to propose a numerical model for this construction approach, which commonly involves soils below the groundwater table. Such simulations are [...] Read more.
Vibratory pile diving with resonance-free technique is an advanced construction approach that can play an important part in underground engineering. This paper aims to propose a numerical model for this construction approach, which commonly involves soils below the groundwater table. Such simulations are still challenging tasks as dynamic analyses considering hydro-mechanical interactions are very complicated. Several simulations have been performed by constructing a user-defined element in the finite element code ABAQUS or developing an inhouse finite-element program for this issue. These simulations have some limitations and pay less attention to open-ended piles. This paper presents a way to simulate the vibratory open-ended pile driving in saturated sand using the finite difference code FLAC3D. The model computation efficiency is increased around 67 times by the density scaling method and this method has little effect on the numerical stability. The proposed model can generally replicate the pore pressure results of a model test. The maximum excess pore pressures are predicted with a percent error of 2–22%, and these maximums occur near the pile toe. The excess pore pressure of an observation point slowly decreases after the pile toe passes the point. This work could provide an efficient and effective method for simulating vibratory open-ended pile driving in saturated sand. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Construction Technologies in Underground Engineering)
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