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Applied Sciences
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Exploration Geophysics and Seismic Surveying
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Exploration Geophysics and Seismic Surveying

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Earth Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 December 2026 | Viewed by 2692

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Guoxin Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, China
Interests: marine geophysics; AI; seismic inversion
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue of Applied Sciences, entitled ‘Exploration Geophysics and Seismic Surveying’, addresses both theoretical innovations and practical applications. The scope of this Special Issue includes the acquisition, processing, and interpretation of seismic data; advancements in seismic wave inversion and imaging techniques (e.g., full waveform inversion, reverse time migration); and the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) into geophysical data analysis. The Special Issue also highlights the development of technologies for marine and terrestrial exploration, challenges in subsurface imaging, and case studies demonstrating novel methodologies. We encourage the submission of contributions that discuss sustainable practices, improvements in the accuracy of resource detection, and computational efficiency in seismic modeling. This Special Issue aims to foster collaboration among geophysicists, engineers, and data scientists, providing a platform for the dissemination of cutting-edge research that bridges traditional geophysical methods with modern computational tools.

Dr. Guoxin Chen
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • exploration geophysics
  • seismic surveying
  • seismic wave inversion
  • reverse time migration
  • AI/ML in geophysics
  • subsurface imaging
  • marine seismic exploration
  • full waveform inversion
  • geophysical data processing
  • seismic modeling

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 2632 KB  
Article
Three-Dimensional Borehole–Surface TEM Forward Modeling with a Time-Parallel Method
by Sihao Wang, Hui Cao and Ruolong Ma
Appl. Sci. 2026, 16(3), 1161; https://doi.org/10.3390/app16031161 - 23 Jan 2026
Viewed by 284
Abstract
The three-dimensional borehole-to-surface transient electromagnetic (BSTEM) method plays a critical role in resolving subsurface conductivity structures under complex geological conditions. However, its application is often constrained by the high computational costs associated with large-scale simulations and fine temporal resolution. In this study, a [...] Read more.
The three-dimensional borehole-to-surface transient electromagnetic (BSTEM) method plays a critical role in resolving subsurface conductivity structures under complex geological conditions. However, its application is often constrained by the high computational costs associated with large-scale simulations and fine temporal resolution. In this study, a time-parallel forward modeling strategy is employed by integrating the finite volume method (FVM) with the Multigrid Reduction-in-Time (MGRIT) algorithm. Maxwell’s equations are discretized in space using unstructured octree meshes, while the MGRIT algorithm enables parallelism along the time axis through coarse–fine temporal grid hierarchy and multilevel iterative correction. Numerical experiments on synthetic and field-scale models demonstrate that the MGRIT-based solver significantly reduces computational time compared to conventional direct solvers, particularly when a large number of processors are utilized. In a field-scale hematite mine model, the MGRIT-based solver reduces the total runtime by more than 40% while maintaining numerical accuracy. The method exhibits parallel scalability and is especially advantageous in problems involving a large number of time channels, where simultaneous time-step updates offer substantial performance gains. These results confirm the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed approach for large-scale 3D TEM simulations under complex conditions and provide a practical foundation for future applications in high-resolution electromagnetic modeling and imaging. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exploration Geophysics and Seismic Surveying)
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22 pages, 5177 KB  
Article
Tensor-Train-Based Elastic Wavefield Decomposition in VTI Media
by Youngjae Shin
Appl. Sci. 2026, 16(2), 569; https://doi.org/10.3390/app16020569 - 6 Jan 2026
Viewed by 514
Abstract
Elastic wavefield decomposition into quasi-compressional (qP) and quasi-shear-vertical (qSV) modes is essential for elastic imaging and inversion in VTI media, but becomes computationally expensive when polarization vectors vary strongly in space. I propose a tensor-train (TT) representation of mixed-domain decomposition projectors, constructed via [...] Read more.
Elastic wavefield decomposition into quasi-compressional (qP) and quasi-shear-vertical (qSV) modes is essential for elastic imaging and inversion in VTI media, but becomes computationally expensive when polarization vectors vary strongly in space. I propose a tensor-train (TT) representation of mixed-domain decomposition projectors, constructed via TT-cross with a single user-specified tolerance and applied efficiently using FFT-based operations. A residual-orthogonal strategy extracts qSV from the residual wavefield after qP removal to suppress mode leakage. The method is implemented in Python/PyTorch with GPU acceleration. Numerical experiments on three 2D VTI models (a two-layer benchmark, a BP 2007 benchmark subset, and an Overthrust-based structurally complex model) demonstrate reconstruction errors of 0.094–0.89% for TT, compared to 1.67–6.44% for a conventional CUR low-rank approach (4–46× improvement), with consistently lower cross-talk and near-unity energy ratios. Time-domain receiver traces further confirm that TT yields smaller reconstruction residual spikes and reduced cross-mode leakage than CUR. Runtime tests show that CUR can be faster on smaller grids, whereas TT with GPU acceleration becomes competitive and can outperform CUR for larger models. The TT representation scales linearly with tensor Od Ns r2—enabling practical extension to higher-dimensional projector tensors where conven-tional methods become impractical. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exploration Geophysics and Seismic Surveying)
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19 pages, 4738 KB  
Article
Characterization of the Solution of the Seismic Source Mechanism in Southeastern Sichuan
by Min Zhao, Yuping Qi, Feng Long, Liyuan Peng, Chang He, Di Wang and Xiyang Ran
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(7), 3881; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15073881 - 1 Apr 2025
Viewed by 1014
Abstract
Southeastern Sichuan has witnessed intensified seismic swarm activity since 2016, including events exceeding historical peak ground accelerations. This study integrates moment tensor solutions, stress field inversion, and Mohr–Coulomb analysis to investigate the interplay between tectonic processes and shale gas extraction in driving seismicity. [...] Read more.
Southeastern Sichuan has witnessed intensified seismic swarm activity since 2016, including events exceeding historical peak ground accelerations. This study integrates moment tensor solutions, stress field inversion, and Mohr–Coulomb analysis to investigate the interplay between tectonic processes and shale gas extraction in driving seismicity. Full-waveform moment tensor inversions of 118 earthquakes (M ≥ 3.5) reveal predominant double-couple mechanisms (62% with DC > 70%), with minor non-double-couple components linked to fluid-induced volume contraction. Stress field inversions demonstrate spatial heterogeneity: Region A (south) exhibits a counterclockwise-rotated maximum horizontal stress direction compared to Region B (north), which aligns with the regional NW-SE tectonic compression. Mohr’s circle analysis highlights distinct failure regimes—40% of the events in Region A fall below the failure threshold (pore-pressure-influenced), while 60% in Region B exceed it (stress-dominated). These findings underscore the combined roles of tectonic inheritance (NE-SW basement faults) and anthropogenic perturbations (fluid injection) in modulating seismic hazards. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exploration Geophysics and Seismic Surveying)
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