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Advances and Applications of CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics), 2nd Edition
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Advances and Applications of CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics), 2nd Edition

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Fluid Science and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 June 2025 | Viewed by 1770

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Joon Ahn

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Mechanical Engineering, Kookmin University, 77 Jeongneung-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
Interests: heat transfer; gas turbine; air-conditioning; boiler
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over the past 50 years, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been applied to various fluid dynamics fields. Great progress has been made in the development of hardware and analysis techniques, and many useful results are emerging in a wider range of applications. In this Special Issue, we seek to collect new techniques of CFD and application cases in different industries and academic fields, aiming to publish papers on the various advances and applications of CFD, such as phase change, fluid–structure coupling analysis, combustion, and data driven engineering.

Prof. Dr. Joon Ahn
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • turbulence simulation
  • multi-phase flow
  • combustion and reacting flow
  • aero-acoustics
  • fluid–structure interactions
  • optimization
  • data science and AI
  • industrial applications

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 18308 KiB  
Article
Computational Investigation of Aerodynamic Behaviour in Rubber O-Ring: Effects of Flow Velocity and Surface Topology
by Thomas Singleton, Adil Saeed and Zulfiqar Ahmad Khan
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(9), 5006; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15095006 - 30 Apr 2025
Viewed by 192
Abstract
This report uses computational fluid dynamics (CFDs) to investigate the aerodynamics of a rubber O-ring, with a focus on assessing the influence of fluid velocity and surface topology whilst providing a detailed methodology that promotes correct procedures. A steady state scenario was set [...] Read more.
This report uses computational fluid dynamics (CFDs) to investigate the aerodynamics of a rubber O-ring, with a focus on assessing the influence of fluid velocity and surface topology whilst providing a detailed methodology that promotes correct procedures. A steady state scenario was set up, modelling laminar airflow across two O-rings with 5 μm and 100 μm surface finishes, respectively. Analysis showed that increasing the fluid velocity from 0.01 m/s to 2 m/s significantly translates the separation points downstream, consolidating wake regions behind the airfoil. The CFD simulations also infer that as the fluid velocity increases, the frictional drag coefficients decrease from 3.13 to 0.11, and the pressure drag coefficients increase from 0.55 to 0.6, implying that the recirculation of flowlines behind the O-ring becomes the most hindering factor on aerodynamics. Conversely, variations in surface roughness showed negligible effects on the flow field. This insensitivity is attributed to the low Reynolds number (Re) used in all simulations, where a roughness of 5 μm or 100 μm remains well within the laminar sublayer, therefore minimising their impact on boundary layer disruption and flow separation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances and Applications of CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics), 2nd Edition)
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23 pages, 12993 KiB  
Article
A Contribution to the Temperature Particles Method—Implementation of a Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) Model for the Temperature Field
by Tiago Raimundo Chiaradia, Gabriel Ferraz Marcondes de Carvalho, Alex Mendonça Bimbato and Luiz Antonio Alcântara Pereira
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(8), 4122; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15084122 - 9 Apr 2025
Viewed by 286
Abstract
This paper introduces a numerical methodology for the investigation of two-dimensional, incompressible and unsteady flows. The analyses involve Fluid–Structure Interaction (FSI) over solid boundaries of known shape with effects of mixed convection heat transfer. The main contribution is the implementation of a Large-Eddy [...] Read more.
This paper introduces a numerical methodology for the investigation of two-dimensional, incompressible and unsteady flows. The analyses involve Fluid–Structure Interaction (FSI) over solid boundaries of known shape with effects of mixed convection heat transfer. The main contribution is the implementation of a Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) model for the energy equation. LES is a mathematical model for simulating turbulent flows. The Boussinesq approximation links the vorticity transport equation with the energy equation to include buoyancy forces. The methodology consists of discretizing the vorticity field and heat by using particles (computational points), which characterizes a purely Lagrangian description. The vorticity field is discretized by using Lamb discrete vortices (vortex blobs) and the heat by using temperature particles. The velocity field is computed over each particle as the vortex cloud contribution requires high computational cost. The buoyancy forces computation is necessary over each vortex blob because of the temperature particles and also requires high computational cost. Thus, all those computations involving particles interactions demand the use of parallel computing in OpenMP-Fortran. The turbulence calculation makes use of the second-order velocity structure function model; that computation is necessary over each computational point during every time increment of a typical numerical simulation. As examples of application, two problems are chosen: nominally, the flow around a single circular cylinder and the interaction of airplane wake vortices with a ground plane. The numerical results are compared with experimental data, exhibiting very good agreement with the expected physics for each investigated problem. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances and Applications of CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics), 2nd Edition)
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17 pages, 4904 KiB  
Article
Numerical and Experimental Determination of the Bore Throughput Controlling the Operation of the Differential Section of a Pneumatic Brake Valve
by Marcin Kisiel, Dariusz Szpica and Jarosław Czaban
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(24), 11690; https://doi.org/10.3390/app142411690 - 14 Dec 2024
Viewed by 886
Abstract
Purpose: To assess the applicability of computational fluid dynamics (CFDs) in determining the flow parameters of inter-chamber nozzle openings in the differential section of a trailer air brake valve. Methodology: Numerical calculations were performed using SolidWorks Flow Simulation (SW-FS) and Ansys Fluent (A-F) [...] Read more.
Purpose: To assess the applicability of computational fluid dynamics (CFDs) in determining the flow parameters of inter-chamber nozzle openings in the differential section of a trailer air brake valve. Methodology: Numerical calculations were performed using SolidWorks Flow Simulation (SW-FS) and Ansys Fluent (A-F) with defined boundaries and initial conditions. The results were validated experimentally using the reservoir method and the lumped method for throughput identification. Results: CFD calculations determined the functional dependence of the mass flow rate on the nozzle diameter for a range of control nozzle bore diameters. The SW-FS 2024 and A-F 2023 software showed a mean difference of 4.66% in the total characteristics. The experimental validation resulted in differences of 6.31% (SW-FS) and 5.79% (A-F) compared to the CFD results. Theoretical contribution: This study fills a research gap in applying CFDs to brake valve performance analyses, providing a foundation for developing more complex numerical models to evaluate individual valve sections. Practical implications: The findings suggest that CFDs can be used to accurately determine the flow parameters of control nozzle orifices, with an average of a 6.05% difference from experimental tests. This approach can potentially streamline the design and optimization process for pneumatic brake valves. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances and Applications of CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics), 2nd Edition)
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