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Advances and Innovations in Unconventional Enhanced Oil Recovery

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Science and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2026 | Viewed by 1663

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Geology, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
Interests: petroleum exploration; hydrocarbon reservoirs; enhanced oil recovery; unconventional EOR methods; supercritical fluids
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The growing global demand for energy necessitates innovative and sustainable approaches to hydrocarbon production. As the petroleum industry evolves through technological advancements and a deeper understanding of Earth's geology, the challenge of accessing remaining oil reserves becomes increasingly complex. With conventional and easily accessible petroleum sources depleting, the need for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods—both conventional and unconventional—has become more critical than ever.

EOR techniques aim to maximize oil extraction from mature reservoirs, extending their productive life and improving overall recovery rates. Conventional EOR methods, such as thermal recovery, gas injection, and chemical flooding, have been widely employed to increase oil mobility and production. Meanwhile, unconventional EOR strategies continue to emerge, incorporating innovative technologies and new insights into reservoir behavior to optimize recovery in complex geological formations.

The effectiveness of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is closely linked to structural geology, as it offers critical insights into subsurface deformations and reservoir characteristics. A thorough understanding of geological formations is essential for selecting and implementing the most efficient EOR techniques, ensuring both long-term reservoir integrity and environmental sustainability. However, a key challenge lies in addressing complex reservoir heterogeneity, which is often hindered by insufficient communication between geologists and engineers.

This Special Issue focuses on the latest advancements and the dynamic interplay between petroleum exploration, structural geology, and enhanced oil recovery. By bridging these disciplines, we aim to foster innovative solutions that address the challenges of modern hydrocarbon exploration and recovery, paving the way for more sustainable and efficient practices.

We invite researchers and industry professionals to contribute their expertise and insights, driving progress in this critical field.

Key topics of unconventional EOR techniques include the following: Electromagnetic heating, plasma pulse technology, nanotechnology-enhanced EOR, wettability alteration methods, foam-assisted gas injection, and enzyme-based EOR.

Dr. Pavel Spirov
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • electromagnetic heating
  • supercritical carbon dioxide enhanced oil recovery
  • plasma pulse technology
  • nanotechnology-enhanced enhanced oil recovery
  • wettability alteration methods
  • foam-assisted gas injection
  • microbial enhanced oil recovery
  • enzyme-based enhanced oil recovery

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 4462 KB  
Article
Physical Simulation Experiment on the Mechanism of Electrically Heated Assisted Solvent Extraction for Oil Recovery
by Xinge Sun, Yongbin Wu, Wanjun He, Jipeng Zhang, Chihui Luo, Chao Wang, Shan Liang and Qing Wang
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(24), 13202; https://doi.org/10.3390/app152413202 - 17 Dec 2025
Viewed by 499
Abstract
To address the issues of high energy consumption and high carbon emissions associated with the steam injection development of ultra-heavy oil in China, technological exploration focusing on electrical heating and solvent substitution was conducted. Firstly, experiments on the heat transfer and temperature rise [...] Read more.
To address the issues of high energy consumption and high carbon emissions associated with the steam injection development of ultra-heavy oil in China, technological exploration focusing on electrical heating and solvent substitution was conducted. Firstly, experiments on the heat transfer and temperature rise characteristics in the near-wellbore formation via electrical heating revealed its feasibility. Considering that ultra-heavy oil reservoirs in China suitable for Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) have already been converted to SAGD production, and considering the certain safety risks of solvent extraction, a development strategy of SAGD—Electrical Heating Solvent Extraction—SAGD was formulated. A multi-stage drainage theoretical model coupling SAGD with electrical heating solvent extraction was established. The similarity criteria for 3D-scaled physical simulation of electrical-heating-assisted production were derived. Through three-stage (SAGD—Electrical Heating Solvent Extraction—SAGD) scaled physical simulation experiments, the development performance of converting a SAGD-developed reservoir to thermal solvent extraction was analyzed. Results indicate that the higher the oil content in the electrically heated wellbore and nearby formation, the faster the heat transfer rate. This confirmed the decision to conduct experiments on electrical-heating-assisted solvent extraction (without steam injection) in SAGD-developed reservoirs. After the SAGD steam chamber reaches the top, switching to electrical heating solvent extraction results in a drainage zone along the flanks of the horizontal section comprising: a high-temperature zone of vaporized solvent from electrical heating, a medium-low temperature oil dissolution zone from the solvent, and an untouched zone. Along the horizontal section, it is divided into a solvent chamber rising zone, a slow expansion zone, and a rapid expansion zone. Experiments confirmed that electrical heating can vaporize the solvent, continuously expanding the drainage chamber scale. Furthermore, the solvent continues to function in the subsequent SAGD stage, increasing the recovery factor from 64.4% to 71.2%, an improvement of 6.9%. The established multi-stage coupled drainage theoretical model, compared with experimental and analytical calculations, showed an overall agreement rate of 95.3%, and can be used for production prediction in electrical-heating-assisted solvent extraction composite recovery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances and Innovations in Unconventional Enhanced Oil Recovery)
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19 pages, 5195 KB  
Article
Study on Experiment and Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Variation Laws of Crude Oil Distribution States in Nanopores
by Yukun Chen, Hui Zhao, Yongbin Wu, Rui Guo, Yaoli Shi and Yuhui Zhou
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(21), 11308; https://doi.org/10.3390/app152111308 - 22 Oct 2025
Viewed by 776
Abstract
This study is based on an experiment and a molecular dynamics simulation to investigate the distribution states and property variation laws of crude oil in nanopores, aiming to provide theoretical support for efficient unconventional oil and gas development. Focus is placed on the [...] Read more.
This study is based on an experiment and a molecular dynamics simulation to investigate the distribution states and property variation laws of crude oil in nanopores, aiming to provide theoretical support for efficient unconventional oil and gas development. Focus is placed on the distribution mechanisms of multicomponent crude oil in oil-wet siltstone (SiO2) and dolomitic rock (dolomite, CaMg3(CO3)4) nanopores, with comprehensive consideration of key factors including pore size, rock type, and CO2 flooding on crude oil distribution at 353 K and 40 MPa. It is revealed that aromatic hydrocarbons (toluene) in multicomponent crude oil are preferentially adsorbed on pore walls due to π-π interactions, while n-hexane diffuses toward the pore center driven by hydrophobic effects. Pore size significantly affects the distribution states of crude oil: ordered adsorption structures form for n-hexane in 2 nm pores, whereas distributions become dispersed in 9 nm pores, with adsorption energy changing as pore size increases. Dolomite exhibits a significantly higher adsorption energy than SiO2 due to surface roughness and calcium–magnesium ion crystal fields. CO2 weakens the interaction between crude oil and pore walls through competitive adsorption and reduces viscosity via dissolution, promoting crude oil mobility. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments further verified the effect of CO2 on crude oil stripping in pores. This study not only clarifies the collaborative adsorption mechanisms and displacement regulation laws of multi-component crude oil in nanopores but also provides a solid theoretical basis for CO2 injection strategies in unconventional reservoir development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances and Innovations in Unconventional Enhanced Oil Recovery)
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