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Mechanical Properties and Characterization Technologies of Composite Materials

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Science and Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 3026

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Mechanical, Energy and Management Engineering Department, University of Calabria, 87036 Cosenza, Italy
Interests: building materials; innovative families of binders; greenhouse gas emission; pollutant degradation; photocatalysis; globalization; geopolymers; durability and sustainability of traditional or innovative mortars
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, academic and professional personnel have been increasingly interested in the development of composite materials and technologies to promote high-performance (mechanically stronger, improved response to service and extreme loads, and more durable), smart/multifunctional, and sustainable (low environmental footprint and energy consumption) construction materials for application in new and existing structures and infrastructures.

Advances in our understanding of material behavior also necessitate the development of performance assessment procedures, based on effective experimental verification methods and refined numerical simulation models. 

This Special Issue aims to collect scientific contributions on the following:

  • Mixed design, mechanical properties, and durability of composite materials based on traditional or innovative and sustainable binders also with non-conventional aggregates (e.g., industrial wastes, insulating aggregates, agricultural wastes, aquaculture farming, and municipal wastes) or aimed at suggesting validation and standardization methods of testing.
  • Applications of the different types of fiber-reinforced mortars and concrete composites in civil engineering. Topics may include the durability and overall performance of structural members reinforced and strengthened with FRCM composites under severe environmental exposure, sustained loading, elevated temperatures, seismic activity, fatigue, fire, blast, and impact. Experimental tests, finite element and numerical analysis, theoretical and code equations, and algorithms are welcome.
  • Mortars and concrete with natural fibers.
  • Mortar/concrete with phase change materials (PCMs) or nanomaterials.
  • Self-sensing, self-adjusting, and self-healing concrete and mortars.
  • Three-dimensional printed fiber/nano-reinforced mortars and concrete.

Dr. Sebastiano Candamano
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • natural fibers
  • fiber-reinforced mortars and concrete
  • textile-reinforced mortars (TRMs)
  • harsh exposure
  • FRCM
  • 3D printing
  • supplementary cementitious materials
  • nanomaterials and nanocomposites
  • unconventional reinforcement
  • recycled aggregates
  • waste
  • self-healing mortar and concrete
  • smart/multifunctional composite
  • self-sensing composites
  • alkali-activated materials
  • geopolymers
  • building materials
  • calcium sulfoaluminate binders
  • cementitious composites
  • hybrid binders
  • calcinated clays
  • fly ash
  • blast furnace slag
  • natural pozzolans
  • waste management
  • immobilization of toxic wastes
  • foamed and lightweight concretes
  • mortars
  • grouts and renders
  • reinforced concrete
  • precast concrete
  • corrosion
  • durability
  • environmental assessment
  • materials processing
  • rheology
  • performance-based specifications
  • activators
  • additives

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 38994 KiB  
Article
On the Stability of Graphene-Based Aqueous Dispersions and Their Performance in Cement Mortar
by Teresa Gerace, Sebastiano Candamano, Simone Bartucci, Carlo Poselle Bonaventura, Alfonso Policicchio, Raffaele Giuseppe Agostino, Milena Marroccoli, Antonio Telesca, Mariano Davoli, Andrea Scarcello, Lorenzo S. Caputi and Daniela Pacilè
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(2), 835; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15020835 - 16 Jan 2025
Viewed by 774
Abstract
Cement composites containing different carbon nanomaterials, namely graphene technical grade, graphene super grade, and graphene oxide, up to 1.0% by weight of cement, were prepared. Ultrasonic, chemical, and thermochemical treatments were applied to improve the stability of the dispersions containing the graphene-based nanomaterials. [...] Read more.
Cement composites containing different carbon nanomaterials, namely graphene technical grade, graphene super grade, and graphene oxide, up to 1.0% by weight of cement, were prepared. Ultrasonic, chemical, and thermochemical treatments were applied to improve the stability of the dispersions containing the graphene-based nanomaterials. Their exfoliation was analyzed using Raman spectroscopy, and the stability of the dispersions was quantitatively investigated by means of the static multiple light scattering (SMLS) technique. The sonication process enhanced the intensity of the 2D band of graphene technical grade, suggesting a partial degree of exfoliation, while the hydrothermal treatment with sodium cholate significantly promoted the stability of its dispersion. The effect of the addition of selected graphene-based nanomaterials in mortars was evaluated in terms of fresh state properties, mechanical strength, capillary water absorption, and pore size distribution. Workability decreased with the increase in the amount of carbon nanomaterials. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) was also employed to characterize the microstructure of pristine graphene-based nanomaterials and their inclusion within the cement matrix. Our results suggest that mechanical properties are only moderately affected by the inclusion of all additives, whereas the introduction of graphene significantly influences the coefficient of capillary water absorption. Specifically, a reduction of about 20% in the capillary water absorption coefficient was observed at the concentration of 1.0 wt% of graphene technical grade, which is ascribed to a refinement of the porosity. Full article
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13 pages, 6459 KiB  
Article
The Development of Fiber–Cement Flat Sheets by Young and Mature Coconut Fibers to Replace Asbestos for Eco-Friendly Products
by Prachoom Khamput, Tawich Klathae, Chookiat Choosakul and Saofee Dueramae
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(23), 10786; https://doi.org/10.3390/app142310786 - 21 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1107
Abstract
This study investigated young and mature coconut fibers as an asbestos replacement in fiber–cement flat sheets. The ratio of fiber content ranged from 5% to 9.5% in increments of 0.5% by weight of binder. Crushed rock dust (CRD) was also utilized in this [...] Read more.
This study investigated young and mature coconut fibers as an asbestos replacement in fiber–cement flat sheets. The ratio of fiber content ranged from 5% to 9.5% in increments of 0.5% by weight of binder. Crushed rock dust (CRD) was also utilized in this study at a ratio of 50% as sand replacement. The results showed that the addition of young coconut fiber (YCF) and mature coconut fiber (MCF) in flat sheets increased with decreasing bulk density and thermal conductivity. The optimum fiber content was 6.5%–7% by weight of binder for two types of fiber with the highest modulus of rupture of 12–13 MPa. The modulus of rupture and density of fiber–cement flat sheets using YCF were higher than that of fiber–cement flat sheets using MCF, which was clarified by SEM results due to the denser structure of MCF. Moreover, the modulus of rupture was directly proportional to the modulus of elasticity in fiber–cement flat sheets. Full article
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11 pages, 8283 KiB  
Article
Repair Composite Adhesion Strength: A Comparison of Testing Methods
by Khrystyna Moskalova, Serhii Hedulian, Nadiia Antoniuk and Mario Šercer
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(22), 10749; https://doi.org/10.3390/app142210749 - 20 Nov 2024
Viewed by 821
Abstract
The adhesive strength of repair composites to concrete substrates was assessed through both Ukrainian and European standard test methods. The types of adhesion loss observed included adhesive failure along the contact layer (AF-S), and cohesion failure along the substrate (CF-S). The Ukrainian method [...] Read more.
The adhesive strength of repair composites to concrete substrates was assessed through both Ukrainian and European standard test methods. The types of adhesion loss observed included adhesive failure along the contact layer (AF-S), and cohesion failure along the substrate (CF-S). The Ukrainian method showed adhesive bond loss in 90.5% of samples (181 out of 200), while the European method showed loss in 76% (152 out of 200). However, under identical conditions, the EU standard showed greater consistency (standard deviation 0.25) than the Ukrainian standard (standard deviation 0.42 and 0.32). The effect of pull-off techniques on failure models varied depending on the epoxy thickness and the mechanical testing performed. Repair composites meeting the highest Ukrainian structural class criteria (PM1) were classified as R3 materials according to the European standard. This research highlights that statistical analysis shows a significant improvement in reliability with an increased number of pull-off tests. Full article
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