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Human-Centered Design in Wearable Technology

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Biosciences and Bioengineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 October 2026 | Viewed by 1676

Special Issue Editors

Department of Industrial Design, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
Interests: wearable devices; human factors; biomechanics; occupational health

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Guest Editor
Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Design, Department of Industrial Design, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
Interests: wearable devices; industrial design; intelligent design; human reliability
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Industrial Design, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nangjing 211106, China
Interests: wearable devices; human factors; human-computer interaction; spaceflight ergonomics

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Guest Editor
Department of Industrial Design, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi’an 710054, China
Interests: wearable devices; ergonomics; occupational health; work-related musculoskeletal disorders
School of Design, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China
Interests: wearable devices; traffic safety; human-computer interaction; cognitive psychology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Wearable technology has emerged as a transformative force in both daily life and professional environments, offering unprecedented opportunities for health monitoring, augmented performance, and human–computer interaction. As these devices increasingly integrate artificial intelligence (AI) and advanced sensor systems, the importance of human-centered design becomes more critical to ensure safety, usability, comfort, and long-term adoption.

Human factors and ergonomics are essential for optimizing wearable technology across diverse applications, from personalized health tracking to occupational safety and productivity. Wearable systems can support early detection and intervention for work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs), facilitate intelligent monitoring of physiological and psychological health, and enhance decision-making in high-demand work contexts. At the same time, AI-assisted design methods offer novel opportunities to integrate user data, predict ergonomic risks, and tailor interface and feedback systems to individual needs.

This Special Issue aims to bring together cutting-edge research on design, evaluation, and application of wearable technologies that prioritize intelligent interaction, human–computer interaction, occupational health, human factors, and ergonomics. We invite contributions from multiple disciplines, including engineering, human–computer interaction, occupational health sciences, biomedical sciences, and industrial design.

Recommended topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Human factors and ergonomics in wearable systems;
  • AI-assisted design for wearable devices;
  • Wearable technology for occupational health and safety;
  • Monitoring and prevention of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs);
  • Human–computer interaction (HCI) for wearable technologies;
  • Hardware system design for ergonomics and reliability;
  • User interface and display design for wearables;
  • Wearable health monitoring and intervention strategies;
  • Intelligent sensing and multimodal interaction in wearable systems;
  • Field applications in workplace and healthcare contexts.

Dr. Hao Fan
Prof. Dr. Dengkai Chen
Dr. Ao Jiang
Dr. Mengcheng Wang
Dr. Jinlei Shi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • wearable design
  • human–computer interaction
  • health monitoring
  • human-centered design
  • human factors and ergonomics
  • AI-assisted design
  • occupational health

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 13666 KB  
Article
Research on Alarm Interface of Virtual Monitoring System for Ventilation Control in Flotation Workshop Based on Cognitive Load Theory
by Jiang Shao, Zhi-Yong Chen, Shang-Song Jiang, Han-Yu Feng, Yu-Peng Li and Guo-Ping Ma
Appl. Sci. 2026, 16(5), 2393; https://doi.org/10.3390/app16052393 - 28 Feb 2026
Viewed by 358
Abstract
Flotation workshop ventilation control virtual monitoring system alarm interfaces need to adapt to high-dynamic and high-interference industrial environments, while traditional interfaces have information overload and chaotic layout, leading to excessive cognitive load of operators and low alarm response efficiency, which makes it urgent [...] Read more.
Flotation workshop ventilation control virtual monitoring system alarm interfaces need to adapt to high-dynamic and high-interference industrial environments, while traditional interfaces have information overload and chaotic layout, leading to excessive cognitive load of operators and low alarm response efficiency, which makes it urgent to optimize the interface design. This study constructed a scenario characteristics-cognitive requirements-interface design coupling model, and conducted a 3 (alarm position) × 2 (display form) × 2 (target quantity) within-subjects experiment combined with eye-tracking technology and the NASA-TLX scale. The combination of “display beside 3D model + background color filling” performed optimally, with the single-target task achieving a 2.067 s reaction time and 99.5% accuracy, and the multi-target task 2.460 s and 94.6% accuracy, significantly reducing extraneous cognitive load. This study proposed optimization strategies including display optimization and lightweight presentation, enriching the application of Cognitive Load Theory in high-risk industrial interfaces and providing scientific references for similar system design. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Human-Centered Design in Wearable Technology)
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22 pages, 1848 KB  
Article
Thermophysiological and Subjective Thermal Responses to Soft and Rigid Spinal Exoskeletons in Young Male Workers: An Experimental Study
by Yang Liu, Zhuoya Zhang, Yanmin Xue, Mengcheng Wang, Hao Fan, Rui Li, Zhi Qiao and Xingbo Yao
Appl. Sci. 2026, 16(2), 820; https://doi.org/10.3390/app16020820 - 13 Jan 2026
Viewed by 460
Abstract
In industrial and logistics settings, the use of soft and rigid spinal exoskeletons has been increasing. However, under a unified assistance level and comparable work scenarios, systematic comparisons of their effects on users’ thermophysiological responses and subjective thermal perceptions remain limited. Twenty male [...] Read more.
In industrial and logistics settings, the use of soft and rigid spinal exoskeletons has been increasing. However, under a unified assistance level and comparable work scenarios, systematic comparisons of their effects on users’ thermophysiological responses and subjective thermal perceptions remain limited. Twenty male participants performed manual handling tasks under three load conditions (5, 10, and 15 kg) in three experimental conditions: without the exoskeleton (WEXO), a rigid exoskeleton (REXO), and a soft exoskeleton (SEXO). Metabolic rate, mean skin temperature (MST), thermal comfort vote (TCV), and thermal sensation vote (TSV) were measured. The key findings are as follows: Compared with WEXO, both exoskeletons significantly reduced metabolic rate. Across all loads, SEXO yielded a lower metabolic rate than REXO and showed a more gradual linear increase as the load increased, whereas REXO exhibited a larger rise at 15 kg. Overall, MST was higher in REXO than in SEXO. Wearing an exoskeleton was often associated with increased skin temperature at 5–10 kg, yet MST decreased for both exoskeletons at 15 kg. Subjective ratings further indicated better TCV and TSV with SEXO than with REXO, with the difference more pronounced under higher loads. Taken together, under the conditions of this study, the soft exoskeleton appears to better balance assistive benefits and thermal comfort. Nevertheless, its heat transfer and heat dissipation performance should be further optimized in future designs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Human-Centered Design in Wearable Technology)
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