Targeting Inflammation in Animals with Natural Bioactives

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2021) | Viewed by 8054

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts-University, Herrmann Rodewald Str. 6, D-24118 Kiel, Germany
Interests: animal nutrition and health; immunometabolism; gut microbial metabolism; gut–liver axis; bile acids; plant and microbial bioactives; Drosophila melanogaster

Special Issue Information

It has long been recognized that the inflammatory response triggered by infectious agents impairs animal performance via numerous mechanisms that invariably converge to restrict the availability of nutrients for productive purposes. More recently, it has become evident that infection-independent inflammation, sometimes referred as sterile inflammation, also contributes to deteriorate productivity (health) and welfare in modern settings of animal production. A few examples of this hurdle, for which compelling evidence exists, include gastrointestinal disorders caused by early-life adversity such as weaning stress, diet-induced gut dysbiosis as observed in cases of ruminal and/or intestinal acidosis, metabolic disorders associated with parturition or liver disease, and gut barrier failure caused by heat stress. Certainly, many more challenges confronted by farm animals have the potential to induce sterile inflammation. A frequently observed feature of such inflammatory episodes is the inability of the host to successfully contain or remove the insult, leading to inflammation remaining unresolved for prolonged periods (i.e., chronic inflammation). Irrespective of the origin and form of presentation (acute or chronic), the nutritional deficit and decline in productivity associated with the inflammatory state cannot be fully compensated by increasing the supply of nutrients to the affected animal. These circumstances, coupled with a global trend to “demedicate” animal production, have fueled research to uncover non-pharmacological approaches for protecting farm animals against such a nutrient-draining response. This Special Issue seeks submissions regarding “natural” opportunities for targeting inflammation both directly (therapeutic approach) or indirectly (prevention approach) with bioactive compounds derived from plants, algae, or beneficial microbes. Therefore, the scope of this call includes research on plant and algal compounds, prebiotics, probiotics, and nutritional interventions acting upon the metabolic response of gut microbiota (e.g., microbial metabolome). Submissions on biomarkers of inflammation suitable for monitoring and/or assessing the use of such natural strategies at the farm levels are also encouraged. 

Dr. Ignacio Ipharraguerre
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Inflammation
  • immunometabolism
  • phytochemicals
  • algae
  • prebiotics
  • probiotics
  • gut microbial metabolites
  • animal production

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 2886 KiB  
Article
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Var Boulardii CNCM I–1079 Reduces Expression of Genes Involved in Inflammatory Response in Porcine Cells Challenged by Enterotoxigenic E. Coli and Influences Bacterial Communities in an In Vitro Model of the Weaning Piglet Colon
by Raphaële Gresse, Juan J. Garrido, Angeles Jiménez-Marín, Sylvain Denis, Tom Van de Wiele, Evelyne Forano, Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot and Frédérique Chaucheyras-Durand
Antibiotics 2021, 10(9), 1101; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10091101 - 11 Sep 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2914
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is the main infectious agent responsible for piglet post-weaning diarrhea with high mortality rates. Antimicrobials represent the current principal strategy for treating ETEC infections in pig farms, but the occurrence of multi-resistant bacterial strains has considerably increased in the [...] Read more.
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is the main infectious agent responsible for piglet post-weaning diarrhea with high mortality rates. Antimicrobials represent the current principal strategy for treating ETEC infections in pig farms, but the occurrence of multi-resistant bacterial strains has considerably increased in the last decades. Thus, finding non-antibiotic alternatives becomes a real emergency. In this context, we investigated the effect of a live yeast strain, Saccharomyces cerevisiae var boulardii CNCM I-1079 (SB) in an in vitro model of the weaning piglet colon implemented with a mucus phase (MPigut-IVM) inoculated with ETEC and coupled with an intestinal porcine cell line IPI-2I. We showed that SB was able to modulate the in vitro microbiota through an increase in Bacteroidiaceae and a decrease in Prevotellaceae families. Effluents collected from the SB treated bioreactors were able to mitigate the expression level of genes encoding non-gel forming mucins, tight junction proteins, innate immune pathway, and pro-inflammatory response in IPI-2I cells. Furthermore, SB exerted a significant protective effect against ETEC adhesion on porcine IPEC-J2 intestinal cells in a dose-dependent manner and showed a positive effect on ETEC-challenged IPEC-J2 by lowering expression of genes involved in pro-inflammatory immune responses. Our results showed that the strain SB CNCM I-1079 could prevent microbiota dysbiosis associated with weaning and protect porcine enterocytes from ETEC infections by reducing bacterial adhesion and modulating the inflammatory response. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Targeting Inflammation in Animals with Natural Bioactives)
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Review

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20 pages, 867 KiB  
Review
Heat Stress-Mediated Activation of Immune–Inflammatory Pathways
by Juan M. Cantet, Zhantao Yu and Agustín G. Ríus
Antibiotics 2021, 10(11), 1285; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10111285 - 21 Oct 2021
Cited by 34 | Viewed by 4492
Abstract
Physiological changes in animals exposed to elevated ambient temperature are characterized by the redistribution of blood toward the periphery to dissipate heat, with a consequent decline in blood flow and oxygen and nutrient supply to splanchnic tissues. Metabolic adaptations and gut dysfunction lead [...] Read more.
Physiological changes in animals exposed to elevated ambient temperature are characterized by the redistribution of blood toward the periphery to dissipate heat, with a consequent decline in blood flow and oxygen and nutrient supply to splanchnic tissues. Metabolic adaptations and gut dysfunction lead to oxidative stress, translocation of lumen contents, and release of proinflammatory mediators, activating a systemic inflammatory response. This review discusses the activation and development of the inflammatory response in heat-stressed models. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Targeting Inflammation in Animals with Natural Bioactives)
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