Detection of Bacteria and Antimicrobial Resistance in Clinical Infections

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382). This special issue belongs to the section "Antibiotics Use and Antimicrobial Stewardship".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2026 | Viewed by 656

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Biomedicine Laboratory, Research Center of Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima 15023, Peru
Interests: antimicrobial resistance; antibiotics; bacteria; clinical microbiology

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Guest Editor
Biomedicine Laboratory, Research Center of Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima 15023, Peru
Interests: respiratory viruses; atypical pathogens; neglected diseases (Carrion's disease); febrile syndromes; cervical cancer; molecular identification of infectious agents responsible for acute gastroenteritis; active ingredients of plants with antiviral properties

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Guest Editor
Division of Infectious Diseases, Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen National Hospital, EsSalud, Lima, Peru
Interests: antimicrobial stewardship; bacterial resistance; emerging fungal infections; nosocomial infections

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

This Special Issue, Detection of Bacteria and Antimicrobial Resistance in Clinical Infections, will address current advances and persistent challenges in diagnosing bacterial infections and detecting antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in clinical practice. AMR undermines effective therapy, increases mortality, and prolongs hospital stays; therefore, the rapid and accurate identification of both the pathogen and resistance mechanisms is essential to guide treatment, support antimicrobial stewardship, and strengthen surveillance. We welcome submissions covering phenotypic and molecular diagnostics, point-of-care rapid tests, syndromic panels, whole-genome sequencing and metagenomics, and emerging approaches integrating bioinformatics and artificial intelligence. Studies evaluating diagnostic performance (sensitivity, specificity, agreement), clinical impact (time to effective therapy, de-escalation, outcomes), and implementation in resource-limited settings are particularly encouraged. We also invite research on molecular epidemiology, clonal transmission, resistance genes, plasmidomics, and outbreak dynamics within healthcare facilities. Ultimately, this Special Issue will consolidate evidence that accelerates the adoption of cost-effective diagnostic strategies, improves clinical decision-making, and reinforces responses to AMR across community- and hospital-acquired infections.

Dr. Wilmer Gianfranco Silva-Caso
Prof. Dr. Juana Mercedes Del Valle-Mendoza
Dr. Giancarlo Perez Lazo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • bacterial detection
  • clinical microbiology
  • antimicrobial resistance (AMR)
  • multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR)
  • rapid diagnostics
  • molecular diagnostics
  • whole-genome sequencing (WGS)
  • antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST)
  • carbapenem resistance
  • resistance genes
  • nosocomial infections
  • One Health

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

19 pages, 1485 KB  
Article
Pet Birds as Potential Reservoirs of Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacteria in Digestive and Respiratory Infections
by Smaranda Crăciun, Maria Carmen Turcu, Cristiana Ştefania Novac, Nicodim Iosif Fiţ, Cosmina Maria Bouari, Sorin Răpuntean, Mălina Lorena Mihu and George Cosmin Nadăş
Antibiotics 2026, 15(5), 487; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics15050487 - 12 May 2026
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: Pet birds are increasingly recognized as potential reservoirs of zoonotic and antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, raising concerns within the One Health framework. However, data on bacterial diversity and resistance profiles in clinically affected ornamental birds remain limited. Methods: This study, conducted over three years [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Pet birds are increasingly recognized as potential reservoirs of zoonotic and antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, raising concerns within the One Health framework. However, data on bacterial diversity and resistance profiles in clinically affected ornamental birds remain limited. Methods: This study, conducted over three years (November 2022–March 2026), included 198 pet birds presenting with digestive and respiratory disorders. From these birds, clinical samples were analyzed bacteriologically; resulting isolates were identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, and antimicrobial susceptibility assessed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method according to EUCAST and CLSI guidelines. Results: Bacterial growth was detected in 87.9% of cases, yielding 249 distinct isolates. Gram-positive cocci predominated (62.3%), led by Staphylococcus spp. (33.3%) and Enterococcus spp. (9.6%), while Escherichia coli (9.2%) was the primary Gram-negative species. At the genus level, Staphylococcus spp. demonstrated high susceptibility to amikacin (88.5%) but significant resistance to gentamicin (75.6%) and oxytetracycline (63.6%). In contrast, Escherichia spp. isolates were largely resistant, showing only 50% susceptibility to enrofloxacin and 40% to doxycycline, with resistance to tylosin reaching 90%. Overall, 57% of isolates were multidrug-resistant, with Staphylococcus spp. contributing most to this burden. Conclusions: These findings characterize clinically ill pet birds as significant carriers of multidrug-resistant bacteria, highlighting the need for routine diagnostics and improved antimicrobial stewardship in avian medicine. Full article
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