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Antimicrobial Resistance in One Health Perspective: New Insights in Human,...
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Antimicrobial Resistance in One Health Perspective: New Insights in Human, Animal, and Environment Interlace, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382). This special issue belongs to the section "Antibiotics Use and Antimicrobial Stewardship".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 February 2025) | Viewed by 7035

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Carmine Merola

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
Interests: environmental toxicology; personal care products toxicity; fish acute toxicity tests; zebrafish; in vivo animal model; biomonitoring studies; bioindicators
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue carries on from the success of its predecessor, "Antimicrobial Resistance in One Health Perspective: New Insights in Human, Animal, and Environment Interlace", available at https://www.mdpi.com/journal/antibiotics/special_issues/Antimicro_One_Health.

This edition will encourage the publication of original experimental and theoretical results demonstrating how interactions between antimicrobial resistance's main drivers influence this emerging phenomenon. Moreover, the innovative data published in this issue could be helpful to implement the potential containment strategies against antimicrobial resistance.

Dr. Carmine Merola
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • antibiotics
  • resistant bacteria
  • human health
  • domestic and companion animals
  • environmental pollution

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 618 KiB  
Article
Observed Prevalence and Characterization of Fluoroquinolone-Resistant and Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in Loggerhead Sea Turtles (Caretta caretta) from the Adriatic Sea
by Olimpia Lai, Antonella Tinelli, Simona Soloperto, Giuseppe Crescenzo, Domenico Galante, Angela Calarco, Magda Tribuzio, Viviana Manzulli, Giulia Caioni, Claudia Zizzadoro, Antonella Damiano, Antonio Camarda and Nicola Pugliese
Antibiotics 2025, 14(3), 252; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics14030252 - 1 Mar 2025
Viewed by 609
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health concern with profound implications for human, animal, and environmental health. Marine ecosystems are emerging as reservoirs of resistant bacteria due to contamination from anthropogenic activities. This study aimed to investigate fluoroquinolone-resistant and multidrug-resistant [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health concern with profound implications for human, animal, and environmental health. Marine ecosystems are emerging as reservoirs of resistant bacteria due to contamination from anthropogenic activities. This study aimed to investigate fluoroquinolone-resistant and multidrug-resistant bacteria in loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta). Methods: Cloacal swabs were collected from 28 loggerhead sea turtles at a rescue center in southern Italy. Swabs were cultured in nutrient media supplemented with enrofloxacin. Bacterial isolates underwent identification by MALDI-TOF, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and assessment for multidrug resistance. Conjugation experiments evaluated the transferability of enrofloxacin resistance. Results: Thirty-six enrofloxacin-resistant bacterial strains were isolated from 22 turtles. The identified species included Vagococcus fluvialis (13 strains), Citrobacter freundii (5), Escherichia coli (6), and Pseudomonas mendocina (4). Thirty-five isolates exhibited multidrug resistance, with resistance to critically important antibiotics such as imipenem observed in C. freundii and Enterobacter faecium. Conjugation experiments showed no transfer of resistance genes. Conclusions: The study highlights the prevalence of fluoroquinolone-resistant and multidrug-resistant bacteria in C. caretta, implicating marine environments as reservoirs of AMR. The findings underscore the need for stricter regulation of antimicrobial use and monitoring of resistance dissemination in marine ecosystems. These results contribute to understanding AMR dynamics within the One Health framework, emphasizing the interconnectedness of environmental, animal, and human health. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Resistance in One Health Perspective: New Insights in Human, Animal, and Environment Interlace, 2nd Edition)
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18 pages, 2817 KiB  
Article
Antimicrobial Residues in Poultry Litter: Assessing the Association of Antimicrobial Persistence with Resistant Escherichia coli Strains
by Paula Cortés, Ekaterina Pokrant, Karina Yévenes, Aldo Maddaleno, Andrés Flores, María Belén Vargas, Lina Trincado, Matías Maturana, Lisette Lapierre and Javiera Cornejo
Antibiotics 2025, 14(1), 89; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics14010089 - 14 Jan 2025
Viewed by 1247
Abstract
Objective: We set out to evaluate the persistence of sulfachloropyridazine, oxytetracycline, and enrofloxacin in broiler chicken litter following therapeutic oral treatment and its association with the isolation of Escherichia coli resistant to these antimicrobials. Methods: Forty broiler chickens were raised under [...] Read more.
Objective: We set out to evaluate the persistence of sulfachloropyridazine, oxytetracycline, and enrofloxacin in broiler chicken litter following therapeutic oral treatment and its association with the isolation of Escherichia coli resistant to these antimicrobials. Methods: Forty broiler chickens were raised under controlled conditions and divided into three experimental groups, each treated with a different antimicrobial, in addition to an untreated/control group. Litter samples were collected post treatment, analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS, and processed for the isolation of E. coli. The antimicrobial susceptibility of E. coli was assessed using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method. Results: Chemical analysis detected concentrations of antimicrobials throughout post treatment, reaching maxima of 42,910.14 μg kg−1, 92,712 μg kg−1, and 9567 μg kg−1 for sulfachloropyridazine, oxytetracycline plus 4-epi-oxytetracycline, and enrofloxacin plus ciprofloxacin, respectively. It was estimated that the concentrations of sulfachloropyridazine, oxytetracycline, and enrofloxacin would persist in broiler litter for 61, 244, and 514 days, respectively. A very strong association was observed between the presence of antimicrobial residues and the antimicrobial resistance of E. coli (p-value < 0.0001, and Cramer’s coefficient of 0.47), and an independence between the level of residue concentration and susceptibility (p-value 0.5262). Conclusions: The persistence of antimicrobial residues contributes to the selection of resistant bacteria, regardless of persistent antimicrobial concentrations. These findings highlight the need for stricter regulations on poultry litter management, including residue thresholds and resistance monitoring, to minimize environmental and public health risks. Proper treatment of poultry litter is essential to ensure its sustainable and safe re-use in agricultural systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Resistance in One Health Perspective: New Insights in Human, Animal, and Environment Interlace, 2nd Edition)
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20 pages, 2256 KiB  
Article
Tracking the Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance in Enterococcus Within the Spanish Poultry Industry: Insights from a One Health Approach
by Josep Garcia-Llorens, Isaac Monroy, Jan Torres-Boncompte, Jose M. Soriano, Pablo Catalá-Gregori and Sandra Sevilla-Navarro
Antibiotics 2025, 14(1), 16; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics14010016 - 30 Dec 2024
Viewed by 1369
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Enterococcus species from poultry production represents a significant public health threat due to the potential transmission of AMR through the food chain. This study aimed to examine the relative prevalence, resistance patterns, and mannitol fermentation [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Enterococcus species from poultry production represents a significant public health threat due to the potential transmission of AMR through the food chain. This study aimed to examine the relative prevalence, resistance patterns, and mannitol fermentation capacity of Enterococcus isolates from various poultry production systems in Spain over a seven-year period (2017–2023). Methods: A total of 215 Enterococcus isolates were analyzed. Phenotypic assessments were conducted to determine resistance rates and metabolic capacities, while genotypic characterization focused on detecting vancomycin-resistance genes (vanA, vanB, vanC, and vanD). Results: Enterococcus faecalis (62.3%) and Enterococcus faecium (29.77%) were the predominant species, primarily isolated from broilers (74.88%), with the highest frequency observed in one-week-old chicks (31.16%). High resistance rates to tetracyclines and streptogramins were identified, while resistance to vancomycin (0.47%) and tigecycline (3.03%) was low. Interestingly, a significant reduction in tetracyclines resistance was shown in this period for Enterococcus faecalis (from 100% to 70% (2017–2023) and Enterococcus faecium (from 100% to 40% (2018–2023)). Multidrug resistance (MDR) was detected in 26.98% of isolates. Mannitol fermentation tests revealed high metabolic capacity in Enterococcus faecalis (99.25%) and Enterococcus faecium (96.88%), associated with adaptability and virulence potential. Genotypic analysis showed a very low prevalence of vanB and vanC genes. Conclusions: These findings highlight the critical need for targeted surveillance and intervention strategies in poultry production to mitigate the risks posed by MDR Enterococcus to public health. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Resistance in One Health Perspective: New Insights in Human, Animal, and Environment Interlace, 2nd Edition)
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14 pages, 3831 KiB  
Article
Detection of Antimicrobial Proteins/Peptides and Bacterial Proteins Involved in Antimicrobial Resistance in Raw Cow’s Milk from Different Breeds
by Cristian Piras, Rosario De Fazio, Antonella Di Francesco, Francesca Oppedisano, Anna Antonella Spina, Vincenzo Cunsolo, Paola Roncada, Rainer Cramer and Domenico Britti
Antibiotics 2024, 13(9), 838; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13090838 - 3 Sep 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1668
Abstract
Proteins involved in antibiotic resistance (resistome) and with antimicrobial activity are present in biological specimens. This study aims to explore the presence and abundance of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and resistome proteins in bovine milk from diverse breeds and from intensive (Pezzata rossa, Bruna [...] Read more.
Proteins involved in antibiotic resistance (resistome) and with antimicrobial activity are present in biological specimens. This study aims to explore the presence and abundance of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and resistome proteins in bovine milk from diverse breeds and from intensive (Pezzata rossa, Bruna alpina, and Frisona) and non-intensive farming (Podolica breeds). Liquid atmospheric pressure matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (LAP-MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS) profiling, bottom-up proteomics, and metaproteomics were used to comprehensively analyze milk samples from various bovine breeds in order to identify and characterize AMPs and to investigate resistome proteins. LAP-MALDI MS coupled with linear discriminant analysis (LDA) machine learning was employed as a rapid classification method for Podolica milk recognition against the milk of other bovine species. The results of the LAP-MALDI MS analysis of milk coupled with the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) demonstrate the potential of distinguishing between Podolica and control milk samples based on MS profiles. The classification accuracy achieved in the training set is 86% while it reaches 98.4% in the test set. Bottom-up proteomics revealed approximately 220 quantified bovine proteins (identified using the Bos taurus database), with cathelicidins and annexins exhibiting higher abundance levels in control cows (intensive farming breeds). On the other hand, the metaproteomics analysis highlighted the diversity within the milk’s microbial ecosystem with interesting results that may reflect the diverse environmental variables. The bottom-up proteomics data analysis using the Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database (CARD) revealed beta-lactamases and tetracycline resistance proteins in both control and Podolica milk samples, with no relevant breed-specific differences observed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Resistance in One Health Perspective: New Insights in Human, Animal, and Environment Interlace, 2nd Edition)
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Other

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14 pages, 742 KiB  
Systematic Review
Antimicrobial Resistance in African Great Apes
by Coch Tanguy Floyde Tanga, Patrice Makouloutou-Nzassi, Pierre Philippe Mbehang Nguema, Ariane Düx, Silas Lendzele Sevidzem, Jacques François Mavoungou, Fabian H. Leendertz and Rodrigue Mintsa-Nguema
Antibiotics 2024, 13(12), 1140; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13121140 - 27 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1450
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Antibiotic-resistant bacteria pose a significant global public health threat that demands serious attention. The proliferation of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is primarily attributed to the overuse of antibiotics in humans, livestock, and the agro-industry. However, it is worth noting that antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Antibiotic-resistant bacteria pose a significant global public health threat that demands serious attention. The proliferation of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is primarily attributed to the overuse of antibiotics in humans, livestock, and the agro-industry. However, it is worth noting that antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) can be found in all ecosystems, even in environments where antibiotics have never been utilized. African great apes (AGAs) are our closest living relatives and are known to be susceptible to many of the same pathogens (and other microorganisms) as humans. AGAs could therefore serve as sentinels for human-induced AMR spread into the environment. They can potentially also serve as reservoirs for AMR. AGAs inhabit a range of environments from remote areas with little anthropogenic impact, over habitats that are co-used by AGAs and humans, to captive settings with close human–animal contacts like zoos and sanctuaries. This provides opportunities to study AMR in relation to human interaction. This review examines the literature on AMR in AGAs, identifying knowledge gaps. Results: Of the 16 articles reviewed, 13 focused on wild AGAs in habitats with different degrees of human presence, 2 compared wild and captive apes, and 1 study tested captive apes alone. Ten studies included humans working with or living close to AGA habitats. Despite different methodologies, all studies detected AMR in AGAs. Resistance to beta-lactams was the most common (36%), followed by resistance to aminoglycosides (22%), tetracyclines (15%), fluoroquinolones (10%), sulphonamides (5%), trimethoprim (5%), macrolide (3%), phenicoles (2%) and fosfomycin (1%). Conclusions: While several studies suggest a correlation between increased human contact and higher AMR in AGAs, resistance was also found in relatively pristine habitats. While AGAs clearly encounter bacteria resistant to diverse antibiotics, significant gaps remain in understanding the underlying processes. Comparative studies using standardized methods across different sites would enhance our understanding of the origin and distribution of AMR in AGAs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Resistance in One Health Perspective: New Insights in Human, Animal, and Environment Interlace, 2nd Edition)
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