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Antibiotics
Special Issues
Antimicrobials and Antiparasitics in Animal Health and Production
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Antimicrobials and Antiparasitics in Animal Health and Production

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382). This special issue belongs to the section "Antibiotics in Animal Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2023) | Viewed by 4853

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Manuel San Andres

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Guest Editor
Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: antimicrobial resistance; pharmacokinetics; PK/PD modelling; dosage optimization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Nicolás Javier Litterio

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Guest Editor
Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, IRNASUS CONICET‐Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
Interests: antimicrobial therapeutic and resistance; pharmacokinetic (PK) and PK/PD studies
Dr. Augusto Matias Lorenzutti

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Guest Editor
Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, IRNASUS CONICET‐Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
Interests: antimicrobial resistance; pharmacokinetics; pharmacometrics; PK/PD modeling; dose optimization

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The sustainable use of antimicrobials and antiparasitics in veterinary medicine is one of the greatest challenges for scientific community, animal health and food production systems, in line with “One Health” paradigm. The use of these compounds in livestock is essential for animal health and welfare reasons, and to guarantee the required productivity levels to satisfy the increasing demand of animal goods. In this way, misuse and overuse of antimicrobials and antiparasitics are causing increasing resistance problems in animals through the selection and amplification of resistance genes, as well as the presence of residues in food and the environment. The acquisition and transmission of resistance genes in microbiomes among animals, humans and the environment, represent a  public health concern requiring innovative interdisciplinary approaches, such improvements in livestock production systems, i.e. better prevention of bacterial/parasitic diseases and alternative therapeutic strategies; as well as scientific developments  to improve our mechanistic understanding of the interaction of these compounds with microbiomes, i.e., through the application of "omic” technologies. Moreover, posology of antibiotics and antiparasitics in livestock is determined by large inter-species pharmacokinetic variability, and increasing our knowledge about pharmacokinetics, pharmacometrics and pharmacodynamics of antimicrobials and antiparasitics in animal species is a critical aspect in order to promote a rational use of these compounds. This special issue aims to receive manuscripts that expand our knowledge about antimicrobial/antiparasitic resistance, development of new alternative strategies and those for optimising dosage regimens and minimizing resistance like pharmacometric and pharmacokinetic/ pharmacodynamic modeling studies.

Submissions related to the following topics will be particularly valued:

  • Antimicrobial/antiparasitic resistance: resistance mechanisms, metagenomics, metabolomics, epidemiology.
  • Alternative strategies: novel therapeutic alternatives i.e., controlled-release formulations, plant extracts, bacteriocines, bacteriophages, prebiotics, probiotics and postbiotics, organic acids or enzymes, among others.
  • Pharmacokinetics and pharmacometrics: pharmacokinetic and population PK/PD approaches, pharmacodynamic modelling, dosage optimization and metabolomics applied to pharmacokinetics. Residues and ecotoxicology.

Dr. Manuel San Andres
Dr. Nicolás Javier Litterio
Dr. Augusto Matias Lorenzutti
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • antimicrobial/antiparasitic resistance
  • omics (metagenomics, metabolomics)
  • resistome
  • microbiome
  • alternative strategies
  • pharmacokinetics
  • pharmacometrics
  • pharmacodynamic modelling
  • PK/PD modelling
  • antimicrobial/antiparasitic residues and ecotoxicology

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 1919 KiB  
Article
Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Zonarol, a Marine Algal Hydroquinone, in Mice Using HPLC with Fluorescence Detection
by Jiyao Fei, Sohsuke Yamada, Takumi Satoh and Tomoyuki Koyama
Antibiotics 2023, 12(6), 1013; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12061013 - 05 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1126
Abstract
Zonarol, which was discovered in the brown algae Dictyopteris undulata, has antibiotic, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective hydroquinone properties. Additionally, a daily treatment of zonarol taken orally has been proven to prevent ulcerative colitis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in experimentally induced mice models. [...] Read more.
Zonarol, which was discovered in the brown algae Dictyopteris undulata, has antibiotic, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective hydroquinone properties. Additionally, a daily treatment of zonarol taken orally has been proven to prevent ulcerative colitis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in experimentally induced mice models. In this study, to elucidate the physiological behavior of zonarol in vivo, the establishment of quantitative methods for the determination of zonarol in biological samples and basic pharmacokinetics parameters after oral or intravenous administration with purified zonarol to mice were investigated. The zonarol (20–600 ng/mL) in this study was dose-dependently detected using an HPLC-FI system as a single peak on the ODS column with 80% aqueous methanol at 332 nm with an excitation of 293 nm. The pharmacokinetic parameters were derived from a non-compartment analysis of the plasma concentration of zonarol following oral or intravenous treatment in mice. The absolute bioavailability of zonarol was calculated as 25.0%. Interestingly, the maximal distribution of zonarol in the brain (2.525 ± 1.334 µg/g tissue) at 30 min was observed to be higher and slower than that in the liver and kidney at 15 min after bolus intravenous administrations to the mice (10 mg/kg BW). Based on these results, zonarol might be a candidate for a potential drug, an effective tool for drug delivery, or enhancing the treatment of cerebral disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobials and Antiparasitics in Animal Health and Production)
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9 pages, 1736 KiB  
Communication
In Vivo Evaluation of an Ivermectin and Allicin Combination Treatment for Eradicating Poultry Red Mite
by JeongWoo Kang, MyeongJu Chae, HyunYoung Chae, YongKuk Kwon, JiYoun Lee and Md Akil Hossain
Antibiotics 2023, 12(5), 876; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12050876 - 09 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1553
Abstract
A safe and effective method for eradicating poultry red mite (PRM; Dermanyssus gallinae) is urgently needed, as existing treatments show a low efficacy or hazardous effects on chickens. We evaluated the efficacy of a combined treatment with ivermectin and allicin (IA) against [...] Read more.
A safe and effective method for eradicating poultry red mite (PRM; Dermanyssus gallinae) is urgently needed, as existing treatments show a low efficacy or hazardous effects on chickens. We evaluated the efficacy of a combined treatment with ivermectin and allicin (IA) against PRMs in chickens and drug residues in non-target samples. The efficiency of PRM eradication by IA was compared with those of natural acaricides in vitro. Ivermectin (0.25 mg/mL) + allicin (1 mg/mL) (IA compound) was sprayed on isolator housing hens with PRMs. The PRM mortality rate, clinical symptoms, and ivermectin residue in hens were analyzed. IA showed the highest PRM-eradication efficacy among all tested compounds in vitro. The insecticidal rates of IA were 98.7%, 98.4%, 99.4%, and 99.9% at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of treatment, respectively. After inoculating PRMs, hypersensitivity, itching, and a pale-colored comb were observed in control animals, which were absent in treated hens. No clinical symptoms from IA and ivermectin residues were found in hens. IA effectively exterminated PRMs, demonstrating its potential for industrial use to treat PRMs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobials and Antiparasitics in Animal Health and Production)
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19 pages, 2388 KiB  
Article
Modulation of the Acute Inflammatory Response Induced by the Escherichia coli Lipopolysaccharide through the Interaction of Pentoxifylline and Florfenicol in a Rabbit Model
by Victoria Cazanga, Cristina Palma, Tomás Casanova, Daniela Rojas, Karin Barrera, Cristhian Valenzuela, Aracelly Acevedo, Gabriel Ascui-Gac, Tamara Pérez-Jeldres and Rubén Pérez-Fernández
Antibiotics 2023, 12(4), 639; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12040639 - 24 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1665
Abstract
Background: Experimental reports have demonstrated that florfenicol (FFC) exerts potent anti-inflammatory effects, improving survival in a murine endotoxemia model. Considering the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of pentoxifylline (PTX) as an adjuvant to enhance the efficacy of antibiotics, the anti-inflammatory effects of the interaction [...] Read more.
Background: Experimental reports have demonstrated that florfenicol (FFC) exerts potent anti-inflammatory effects, improving survival in a murine endotoxemia model. Considering the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of pentoxifylline (PTX) as an adjuvant to enhance the efficacy of antibiotics, the anti-inflammatory effects of the interaction FFC/PTX over the E. coli Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute inflammatory response was evaluated in rabbits. Methods: Twenty-five clinically healthy New Zealand rabbits (3.8 ± 0.2 kg body weight: bw), were distributed into five experimental groups. Group 1 (control): treated with 1 mL/4 kg bw of 0.9% saline solution (SS) intravenously (IV). Group 2 (LPS): treated with an IV dose of 5 µg/kg of LPS. Group 3 (pentoxifylline (PTX) + LPS): treated with an oral dose of 30 mg/kg PTX, followed by an IV dose of 5 µg/kg of LPS 45 min after PTX. Group 4 (Florfenicol (FFC) + LPS): treated with an IM dose of 20 mg/kg of FFC, followed by an IV dose of 5 µg/kg of LPS 45 min after FFC administration. Group 5 (PTX + FFC + LPS): treated with an oral dose of 30 mg/kg of PTX, followed by an IM dose of 20 mg/kg of FFC, and, 45 min after an IV dose of 5 µg/kg of LPS was administered. The anti-inflammatory response was evaluated through changes in plasma levels of interleukins (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and body temperature. Results: It has been shown that each drug produced a partial inhibition over the LPS-induced increase in TNF-α, IL-1β, and CRP. When both drugs were co-administered, a synergistic inhibitory effect on the IL-1β and CRP plasma concentrations was observed, associated with a synergic antipyretic effect. However, the co-administration of PTX/FFC failed to modify the LPS-induced increase in the TNF-α plasma concentrations. Conclusions: We concluded that the combination of FFC and PTX in our LPS sepsis models demonstrates immunomodulatory effects. An apparent synergistic effect was observed for the IL-1β inhibition, which peaks at three hours and then decreases. At the same time, each drug alone was superior in reducing TNF-α levels, while the combination was inferior. However, the peak of TNF-α in this sepsis model was at 12 h. Therefore, in rabbits plasma IL-1β and TNF-α could be regulated independently, thus, further research is needed to explore the effects of this combination over a more prolonged period. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobials and Antiparasitics in Animal Health and Production)
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