Gram-Negative Multidrug Resistant Pathogen and Its Treatment

Dear Colleagues,

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the emergence of extremely resistant microorganisms and an increase in the incidence of carbapenem resistance were documented, possibly related to the increased use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in patients with COVID-19. At the same time, an increase in the rate of device-associated infections in intensive care units has been observed. The rapid global spread of bacteria that have acquired new resistance mechanisms is one of the greatest threats to global health today, causing infections that are impossible to treat. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among the top 10 threats to global health. The clinical development of new antimicrobials is exhausted, and very few of these are innovative.

The spread of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CFE), multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are a global health problem due to their ease of transmission and difficulty of treatment. Nosocomial infections associated with these Gram-negative bacteria have high morbidity and mortality rates, usually occurring in immunocompromised patients and those with multiple comorbidities and undergoing diagnostic-therapeutic procedures and prolonged hospital stays. These bacteria have an outstanding capacity to be selected and to propagate antimicrobial resistance in vivo. For all these reasons, the development of new antibiotics is a top priority.

Dr. Ramón Pérez-Tanoira
Guest Editor

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