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Animals
Special Issues
Serological and Molecular Epidemiology in Animals
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Serological and Molecular Epidemiology in Animals

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Clinical Studies".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (5 October 2022) | Viewed by 8543

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Ana Cristina Ferreira

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P. (INIAV, IP), Av. da República, Quinta do Marquês, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
2. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lusofona University, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
3. BioSystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Edificio Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campus da FCUL, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
Interests: animal health; bacterial comparative genomics; brucellosis; diagnosis; genetic diversity; molecular epidemiology; one health; phylogenomic; veterinary microbiology; zoonoses
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Sandra Cavaco

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P. (INIAV, IP), Av. da República, Quinta do Marquês, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
Interests: one health; animal health; zoonotic diseases; brucellosis; tuberculosis; veterinary microbiology; diagnosis; bacterial comparative genomics; molecular epidemiology; phylogenomic
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Globalization has allowed the passage of people, animals, and goods across national borders, which in turn has driven the international spread of zoonotic infections. About 60% of emerging infectious diseases that are reported globally are zoonoses.

Containment of zoonotic infections in humans is dependent on surveillance and infection control measures of livestock and wildlife. The laboratory diagnosis is the pivot of control and eradication programs. Serological tests are used to detect the number of affected animals within a large population, and on a second level, it will be necessary to confirm the disease by isolating and identifying the agent. Classical microbiological identification of strains provides valuable information but does not permit epidemiological trace-back infections to their sources or to prevent its expansion. The epidemiological surveillance of animal and human infectious diseases has clearly benefited from the appearance and improvement of molecular typing.

Serological and molecular epidemiology in animals is concerned with the diagnosis and epidemiology, prevention, and control of infections in the animal population. It includes microbial (bacterial, fungal, viral) diseases of animals, including wild animals for their interrelation with farmed animals. In the light of these premises, we invite researchers to provide their contributions in the form of review articles or original research articles.

Dr. Ana Cristina Ferreira
Dr. Sandra Cavaco
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • serology
  • genetic diversity
  • epidemiology
  • diagnostics
  • infectious diseases
  • zoonosis
  • one health
  • livestock
  • wildlife

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 804 KiB  
Article
Seroprevalence and Risk Factors for Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in Cattle in Portugal
by Helga Waap, Andrea Bärwald, Telmo Nunes and Gereon Schares
Animals 2022, 12(16), 2080; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12162080 - 15 Aug 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1870
Abstract
Neospora caninum has a worldwide economic impact as an important cause of abortion in cattle, while Toxoplasma gondii, another abortifacient pathogen, is globally a major foodborne zoonotic threat. The study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence and risk factors for the two parasites [...] Read more.
Neospora caninum has a worldwide economic impact as an important cause of abortion in cattle, while Toxoplasma gondii, another abortifacient pathogen, is globally a major foodborne zoonotic threat. The study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence and risk factors for the two parasites in cattle in Portugal. A total of 612 sera from 35 farms were tested by an in-house p30 ELISA for T. gondii and p38 ELISA for N. caninum. T. gondii positive and suspicious sera were confirmed by p30 Western blot or IFAT. T. gondii and N. caninum animal seroprevalence was 9.2% (95%CI 7.1–11.7) and 17.2% (95% CI 14.4–20.4) and herd seroprevalence was 51.4% (95% CI 35.6–67.0) and 68.6% (95% CI 52.0–81.5), respectively. At the univariable level, climate area and precipitation of wettest month, driest month, driest quarter, and warmest quarter were significant predictors of seropositivity for both. N. caninum seropositivity was more likely in the region Norte, densely populated areas, and intensive production, and the probability of T. gondii seropositivity decreased with herd size. Results confirm the need to consider neosporosis in the differential diagnosis of cattle reproductive disorders in Portugal and may be valuable to inform source attribution models for human toxoplasmosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Serological and Molecular Epidemiology in Animals)
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11 pages, 521 KiB  
Article
Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin-Resistant Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci in Nostrils and Buccal Mucosa of Healthy Camels Used for Recreational Purposes
by Vanessa Silva, Manuela Caniça, Vera Manageiro, Newton Verbisck, María Teresa Tejedor-Junco, Margarita González-Martin, Juan Alberto Corbera, Patrícia Poeta and Gilberto Igrejas
Animals 2022, 12(10), 1255; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12101255 - 13 May 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2296
Abstract
Several different species of animals host staphylococci as normal microbiota. These animals can be a source of staphylococci zoonotic infections. People with routine or occupational exposure to infected/colonized animals are at risk of a potential transmission. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the presence [...] Read more.
Several different species of animals host staphylococci as normal microbiota. These animals can be a source of staphylococci zoonotic infections. People with routine or occupational exposure to infected/colonized animals are at risk of a potential transmission. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the presence of S. aureus and other staphylococci in camels used for recreational purposes as well as their antimicrobial resistance, virulence factors and genetic lineages. A total of 172 samples were collected from 86 healthy camels (nose and mouth) from different farms located in the Canary Islands, Spain. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed against 14 antimicrobial agents. The presence of virulence genes was studied by PCR. Multilocus sequence typing, spa typing and agr typing were performed in all S. aureus isolates. From the 86 camels tested, 42 staphylococci were isolated, of which there were 11 S. aureus, 13 S. lentus, 12 S. sciuri, 3 S. xylosus, S. epidermidis, S. hominis and S. chromogenes. Staphylococci isolates were resistant to penicillin, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin and fusidic acid. All S. aureus isolates harbored the hla, hlb and hld virulence genes. S. aureus isolates were ascribed to three sequence types (STs) and three spa types. All S. aureus isolates belonged to agr type III. Camels from Gran Canaria used in recreational purposes have a moderate prevalence of S. aureus and other coagulase-negative staphylococci. Nevertheless, S. aureus isolates are susceptible to almost all antibiotics tested. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Serological and Molecular Epidemiology in Animals)
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12 pages, 676 KiB  
Article
Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Mycoplasma Species, Pasteurella multocida, and Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Calves with Respiratory Manifestations
by Youserya M. Hashem, Walid S. Mousa, Eman E. Abdeen, Hanaa M. Abdelkhalek, Mohammed Nooruzzaman, Ahmad El-Askary, Khadiga A. Ismail, Ayman M. Megahed, Ahmed Abdeen, Enas A. Soliman and Gamal Wareth
Animals 2022, 12(3), 312; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12030312 - 27 Jan 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3425
Abstract
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a complex syndrome associated with high mortality in young calves and causes severe economic losses in the cattle industry worldwide. The current study investigated the prevalence and molecular characterization of common bacterial pathogens associated with respiratory symptoms in [...] Read more.
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a complex syndrome associated with high mortality in young calves and causes severe economic losses in the cattle industry worldwide. The current study investigated the prevalence and molecular characterization of common bacterial pathogens associated with respiratory symptoms in young calves from Sadat City, one of the largest industrial cities in Menoufiya Governorate, Egypt. In between December 2020 and March 2021, 200 mixed-breed young calves of 6–12 months were examined clinically. Of them, sixty (30%) calves showed signs of respiratory manifestations, such as coughing, serous to mucopurulent nasal discharges, fever, and abnormal lung sound. Deep nasal (Nasopharyngeal) swabs were collected from the affected calves for bacteriological investigation. Phenotypic characterization and identification revealed Mycoplasma bovis, Mycoplasma bovigenitalium, Pasteurella multocida, and Staphylococcus aureus in 8.33%, 5%, 5%, and 5% of the tested samples, respectively. The PCR technique using species-specific primer sets successfully amplified the target bacterial DNA in all culture-positive samples, confirming the identity of the isolated bacterial species. Partial gene sequencing of 16S rRNA gene of M. bovigenitalium, P. multocida, and S. aureus, and mb-mp 81 gene of M. bovis revealed high nucleotide similarity and genetic relationship with respective bacterial species reported from Egypt and around the world, suggesting transmission of these bacterial species between animal host species and localities. Our study highlights the four important bacterial strains associated with respiratory disorders in calves and suggests the possible spread of these bacterial pathogens across animal species and different geographic locations. Further studies using WGS and a large number of isolates are required to investigate the realistic lineage of Egyptian isolates and globally. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Serological and Molecular Epidemiology in Animals)
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