Koalas Management: Ecology and Conservation

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Wildlife".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2025 | Viewed by 537

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Guest Editor
School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
Interests: responses of fauna to climate change; ecosystem regulation by apex predators; GPS tracking of threatened fauna; morphological, ecological and molecular systematics of mammals; formation of mouse plagues; use of GIS in predictions of mammal habitat; population viability analysis and population dynamics of small mammals; particularly in regards to predation and fire; conservation biology and ecology of mammals; birds and reptiles; population control in pest mammals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In 2021, a reassessment of the koala populations of Queensland, New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory by the Australian Government listed them as Endangered. The Endangered category is a Threatened Species category which means the species has a very high chance of extinction in the wild. The koala is an iconic species that has been deeply impacted by prolonged drought, the Black Summer bushfires of 2020–2021, and the cumulative impacts of disease, urbanisation and habitat loss over the past 20 years. At the same time, koalas in Victoria and South Australia are considered over-abundant in certain areas, posing different challenges with regard to their management.

The Special Issue, titled Koala Management: Ecology and Conservation, focuses on the urgent need for scientifically informed strategies to protect and manage koala populations. Koalas face a multitude of threats, including habitat loss, climate change, disease, and human–wildlife conflicts. This Special Issue will bring together the latest research to address these pressing concerns, offering insights into koala ecology, behaviour, population dynamics, health, and conservation strategies.

Prof. Dr. Mathew Crowther
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • koalas
  • conservation
  • ecology
  • wildlife management
  • habitat
  • chlamydia
  • climate change
  • disease
  • euca-lyptus

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 2248 KiB  
Article
The Oral Microbiome in Queensland Free-Ranging Koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) and Its Association with Age and Periodontal Disease
by Lyndall Pettett, Esmaeil Ebrahimie, Teerapol Chinkangsadarn, Manijeh Mohammadi Dehcheshmeh, Darren J. Trott and Philip S. Bird
Animals 2025, 15(13), 1834; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15131834 - 20 Jun 2025
Abstract
This study was developed to profile the oral microbiome of free-ranging Queensland koalas and its association with age, gingivitis and periodontitis. Using next-generation sequencing of 16S rRNA genes, the microbiota of oral plaque samples from eight koalas across different age groups (joey, juvenile, [...] Read more.
This study was developed to profile the oral microbiome of free-ranging Queensland koalas and its association with age, gingivitis and periodontitis. Using next-generation sequencing of 16S rRNA genes, the microbiota of oral plaque samples from eight koalas across different age groups (joey, juvenile, adult and old) were compared. The findings revealed significant shifts in microbiota composition with age and disease presence. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria were the most dominant phylum, especially in younger koalas. Proteobacteria abundance decreased with age, while Bacteroidetes, Fusobacteria and Actinobacteria increased. At the genus level, Acinetobacter declined with age. Fusobacterium and Porphyromonas became more prominent genera in older koalas and those with periodontal disease. The beneficial genus Lactobacillus was detected only in the joey, suggesting a potential loss of protective microbes with age. Alpha diversity analysis showed high variability within individuals based on age. Alpha diversity was remarkably lower in younger koalas and increased with periodontal disease. Beta diversity suggested distinct microbiota composition differences between younger (joey and juvenile) and older (adult and old) koalas, although statistical significance was limited by sample size. This is the first detailed characterization of the oral microbiome in Queensland’s free-ranging koalas and highlights its association with age and oral health status. Findings may contribute to better understanding of oral disease progression in koalas and support conservation and health management efforts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Koalas Management: Ecology and Conservation)
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