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Agriculture
Special Issues
Genetics, Genomics, and Genetic Improvement of Wheat
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Genetics, Genomics, and Genetic Improvement of Wheat

A special issue of Agriculture (ISSN 2077-0472). This special issue belongs to the section "Genotype Evaluation and Breeding".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 October 2021) | Viewed by 8843

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Patricia Giraldo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biotechnology-Plant Biology, School of Agricultural, Food and Biosystems Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: wheat genetics and genomics; wheat quality; breeding; molecular marker
Dr. José Miguel Soriano

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Sustainable Field Crops Programme, Institute for Food and Agricultural Research and Technology (IRTA), 25198 Lleida, Spain
Interests: plant breeding; genomics; marker-assisted selection; gene discovery
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Wheat is the largest cultivated crop in the world, with more than 80% of worldwide production used for human consumption. There are critical challenges that wheat-breeding programs are facing in the current genomics era and within a climate change scenario. There is a need to deepen into the genetic control of key agronomic traits (by QTL mapping or genome-wide association studies) with the incorporation of genomic tools (i.e., marker-asssisted selection, genomic selection, genome editing) in the breeding programs for the development of advanced cultivars. To achieve this objective, the use of the genetic variation present within germplasm collections is of crucial importance. All these approaches must lead to cultivars reaching a high and stable production under contrasting environments and the presure of different diseases, with a high grain quality matching the industry requirements.

This Special Issue focuses on studies in wheat genetics and genomics with a major emphasis on the impact of these in breeding for adaptability, resistance, and quality. We welcome novel research and reviews covering all the related topics.

Dr. Patricia Giraldo
Dr. José Miguel Soriano
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agriculture is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • wheat genetics
  • grain quality
  • breeding
  • genomics
  • germplasm variability
  • variety selection
  • marker-assisted selection
  • quantitative trait loci (QTL)
  • GWAS
  • genomic selection
  • Triticum aestivum
  • Triticum turgidum

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 1725 KiB  
Article
Prospects of Developing Novel Genetic Resources by Chemical and Physical Mutagenesis to Enlarge the Genetic Window in Bread Wheat Varieties
by Momina Hussain, Maryyam Gul, Roop Kamal, Muhammad Atif Iqbal, Sana Zulfiqar, Ammad Abbas, Marion S. Röder, Quddoos H. Muqaddasi and Mehboob-ur-Rahman
Agriculture 2021, 11(7), 621; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11070621 - 01 Jul 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2850
Abstract
Sustainable production and improved genetic gains can be achieved by broadening the genetic window of elite wheat germplasm. Here, we induced mutations in two spring wheat varieties, viz., NN-Gandum-1 (NN-1) and Punjab-11 (Pb-11), by exposing their seeds to ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) and [...] Read more.
Sustainable production and improved genetic gains can be achieved by broadening the genetic window of elite wheat germplasm. Here, we induced mutations in two spring wheat varieties, viz., NN-Gandum-1 (NN-1) and Punjab-11 (Pb-11), by exposing their seeds to ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) and γ-rays, respectively. We characterized >3500 lines of each NN-1 and Pb-11 derived population in three consecutive generations, viz., M5, M6, and M7, for important traits, e.g., plant height, heading date, spike morphology and rust resistance. We observed significant genetic variation and correlations in both populations for all investigated traits. We observed differences in terms of number of mutants between NN-1 (22.76%) and Pb-11 (26.18%) which could be ascribed to the genotype-by-mutagen interaction. High broad-sense heritability (H2) estimates, that are vital for higher genetic gains, were observed for all of the investigated traits in both populations (H2 = 0.69–0.91 in NN-1 and 0.84–0.98 in Pb-11). Particularly, to breed for rust resistance, we selected a subset (n = 239) of M7 lines that also showed phenotypic variation for other traits. Our studies (1) show the relevance to artificial mutagenesis to create genetic variation in elite germplasm for their immediate use in current breeding programs, and (2) provide material for downstream identification of genes associated with traits of high agronomic importance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics, Genomics, and Genetic Improvement of Wheat)
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11 pages, 1461 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of a Novel Molecular Marker Associated with the Tan Spot Disease Response in Wheat
by Pao Theen See and Caroline S. Moffat
Agriculture 2021, 11(6), 513; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11060513 - 01 Jun 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2698
Abstract
After nearly 40 years of DNA molecular marker development in plant breeding, the wheat research community has amassed an extensive collection of molecular markers which have been widely and successfully used for selection of agronomic, physiological and disease resistance traits in wheat breeding [...] Read more.
After nearly 40 years of DNA molecular marker development in plant breeding, the wheat research community has amassed an extensive collection of molecular markers which have been widely and successfully used for selection of agronomic, physiological and disease resistance traits in wheat breeding programs. Tan spot is a major fungal disease of wheat and a significant global economic challenge and is caused by the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Ptr). Here, the potential for using a PCR-based marker (Ta1AS3422) present on the short arm of wheat chromosome 1A, was evaluated for effectiveness in distinguishing tan spot disease susceptibility. The marker was initially screened against 40 commercial Australian hexaploid wheat varieties, and those that amplified the marker had an overall lower disease score (2.8 ± 0.7 for seedlings and 2.4 ± 0.4 for plants at the tillering stage), compared to those lacking the marker which exhibited a higher disease score (3.6 ± 0.8 for both growth stages). The potential of Ta1AS3422 as a marker for the tan spot disease response was further assessed against a panel of 100 commercial Australian hexaploid wheat varieties. A significant association was observed between marker absence/presence and tan spot disease rating (Pearson’s chi-squared test, χ2 (6) = 20.53, p = 0.002), with absence of Ta1AS3422 associated with susceptibility. This simple and cost-effective PCR-based marker may be useful for varietal improvement against tan spot, although further work is required to validate its effectiveness. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics, Genomics, and Genetic Improvement of Wheat)
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18 pages, 1419 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Leaf Rust Resistance in the Spanish Core Collection of Tetraploid Wheat Landraces and Association with Ecogeographical Variables
by Fernando Martínez-Moreno, Patricia Giraldo, María del Mar Cátedra and Magdalena Ruiz
Agriculture 2021, 11(4), 277; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11040277 - 24 Mar 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2179
Abstract
Spain has a great landrace diversity of the subspecies of the tetraploid species Triticum turgidum L., namely, durum (or durum wheat), turgidum (or rivet wheat) and dicoccon (or domesticated emmer wheat). These wheats have to confront several foliar diseases such as the leaf [...] Read more.
Spain has a great landrace diversity of the subspecies of the tetraploid species Triticum turgidum L., namely, durum (or durum wheat), turgidum (or rivet wheat) and dicoccon (or domesticated emmer wheat). These wheats have to confront several foliar diseases such as the leaf rust. In this work, a core collection of 94 landraces of tetraploid wheats were inoculated with three leaf rust isolates. Besides, a larger collection (of 192 accessions) was evaluated in the field. Although the majority of landraces were susceptible, approximately 20% were resistant, especially domesticated emmer wheat landraces. Several variables, such as late heading and red coat seeds were associated to resistant accessions. Regarding ecogeographic variables, a higher rainfall from October to February and more uniform temperature were found in the area of origin of resistant landraces. Based on these results, several resistant landraces were identified that potentially may be used in durum wheat breeding programs. In addition, a predictive model was elaborated to develop smaller subsets for future screening with a higher hit rate for rust resistance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics, Genomics, and Genetic Improvement of Wheat)
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