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Aerospace
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On-Board Systems Design for Aerospace Vehicles
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On-Board Systems Design for Aerospace Vehicles

A special issue of Aerospace (ISSN 2226-4310).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2023) | Viewed by 25966

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Davide Ferretto

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
DIMEAS - Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
Interests: model-based systems engineering; aircraft conceptual design (conventional and high-speed); preliminary design of on-board systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Fabrizio Stesina

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
DIMEAS - Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
Interests: advanced spacecraft design; spacecraft subsystems development; assembly, integration and verification strategies
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Marco Fioriti

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
DIMEAS - Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
Interests: on-board systems electrification; systems architecture optimization; on-board systems integration
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to announce a new open access Special Issue in “Aerospace” dedicated to on-board system design for aerospace vehicles. This Issue aims to highlight the latest research advancements in the field of on-board systems design for both aeronautics and space vehicles, with a focus on innovative concepts and technologies and environmentally sustainable architectures, ensuring an enhanced product in terms of both performance and economic impact. This Special Issue calls for research, articles, and manuscripts addressing the following topics (although others will be considered):

  • High-level design of on-board systems, including functional architecture definition and concept of operation;
  • Model-based system engineering practices for aerospace system design;
  • Aerospace system modelling and simulation;
  • Heterogeneous simulation techniques for dynamic performance assessment of aerospace systems.
  • Digital twin concepts for aerospace system analysis and design;
  • Reliability and safety assessment of on-board systems;
  • Innovative on-board systems architectures;
  • System architecture optimization;
  • More-electric and all-electric on-board system architectures;
  • Multi-functional plants for energy management;
  • On-board power generation;
  • Environmental control and ice protection system architectures;
  • Flight control and attitude control systems;
  • Propellant management and green fuels;
  • Hybrid–electric systems to support green propulsion plants;
  • Avionic systems and on-board computer architectures;
  • On-board systems for unconventional vehicle configurations;
  • FDIR systems and strategies;
  • Onboard autonomy;
  • Development of ground support equipment;
  • Innovative guidance, navigation, and control systems for satellites;
  • Communication system: intersatellite links and multi-beams communication.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Davide Ferretto
Dr. Fabrizio Stesina
Dr. Marco Fioriti
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Aerospace is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • on-board system design
  • aerospace system engineering
  • system modelling and simulation
  • system verification
  • system architecture optimization

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

24 pages, 1290 KiB  
Article
A Study on Thermal Management Systems for Hybrid–Electric Aircraft
by Maria Coutinho, Frederico Afonso, Alain Souza, David Bento, Ricardo Gandolfi, Felipe R. Barbosa, Fernando Lau and Afzal Suleman
Aerospace 2023, 10(9), 745; https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10090745 - 23 Aug 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 4220
Abstract
The electrification of an aircraft’s propulsive system is identified as a potential solution towards a lower carbon footprint in the aviation industry. One of the effects of increased electrification is the generation of a large amount of waste heat that needs to be [...] Read more.
The electrification of an aircraft’s propulsive system is identified as a potential solution towards a lower carbon footprint in the aviation industry. One of the effects of increased electrification is the generation of a large amount of waste heat that needs to be removed. As high-power systems must be cooled to avoid performance deterioration such as battery thermal runaway, a suitable thermal management system is required to regulate the temperature of the powertrain components. With this in mind, the main objective of this research is to identify promising heat transfer technologies to be integrated into a thermal management system (TMS) such that power, mass, and drag can be minimised for a parallel hybrid–electric regional aircraft in the context of the EU-funded FutPrInt50 project. Five different TMS architectures are modelled using the Matlab/Simulink environment based on thermodynamic principles, heat transfer fundamentals, and fluid flow equations. The systems are a combination of a closed-loop liquid cooling integrated with different heat dissipation components, namely ram air heat exchanger, skin heat exchanger, and fuel. Their cooling capacity and overall aircraft performance penalties under different flight conditions are estimated and compared to each other. Then, a parametric study is conducted, followed by a multi-objective optimisation analysis with the aim of minimising the TMS impact. As expected, none of the investigated architectures exhibit an ideal performance across the range of the studied metrics. The research revealed that, while planning the TMS for future hybrid–electric aircraft, alternative architectures will have to be developed and studied in light of the power requirements. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue On-Board Systems Design for Aerospace Vehicles)
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20 pages, 4589 KiB  
Article
Disruptive Technologies Certification Standard Approach
by Gianpiero Buzzo, Lidia Travascio, Angela Vozella, Mauro Baldizzone, Monica Gily, Clarissa Casagrande, Vincenzo Martina and Emanuele Quarona
Aerospace 2023, 10(7), 637; https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10070637 - 15 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1823
Abstract
The current rapid technological change identifies the evolution of people’s transportation as one of the primary effects. Hybrid-electric propulsion reveals potential advantages, including fuel savings, lower pollution, and reduced noise emissions. It is becoming a viable alternative propulsion technology for ground and marine [...] Read more.
The current rapid technological change identifies the evolution of people’s transportation as one of the primary effects. Hybrid-electric propulsion reveals potential advantages, including fuel savings, lower pollution, and reduced noise emissions. It is becoming a viable alternative propulsion technology for ground and marine applications and the aviation sector. Hybrid-electric propulsion systems can meet the high demands of next-generation aircraft in terms of lower operating costs, economy, and fuel efficiency while maintaining high flight performance. Introducing similar disruptive technologies requires an evolution of the traditional certification approach and associated means of compliance. Even if it starts with evaluating a hybrid propulsion system, the proposed process can also be adopted in other areas where disruptive technologies need to be adopted, such as H2 fuel systems and active wings, to summarize some potential applications. The Certification Approach for Disruptive Technologies adopts a top–down process, reversing and mixing the usual certification approach currently used for aircraft. It is based on a safety assessment fully integrated into the system’s development. The result of this process will consist of a list of gaps in certification requirements, their classification based on gap solution impact, and proposals to close those gaps. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue On-Board Systems Design for Aerospace Vehicles)
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25 pages, 6363 KiB  
Article
An Orchestration Method for Integrated Multi-Disciplinary Simulation in Digital Twin Applications
by Eugenio Brusa, Alberto Dagna, Cristiana Delprete and Rocco Gentile
Aerospace 2023, 10(7), 601; https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10070601 - 30 Jun 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1908
Abstract
In recent years, the methodology of Model-Based System Engineering (MBSE) has become relevant to the design of complex products, especially when safety critical systems need to be addressed. It allows, in fact, the deployment of product development directly through some digital models, allowing [...] Read more.
In recent years, the methodology of Model-Based System Engineering (MBSE) has become relevant to the design of complex products, especially when safety critical systems need to be addressed. It allows, in fact, the deployment of product development directly through some digital models, allowing an effective traceability of requirements, being allocated upon the system functions, components, and parts. This approach enhances the designer capabilities in controlling the product development, manufacturing and after-market services. However, the application of such a methodology requires overcoming several technological barriers, especially in terms of models integration. The interoperability and management of several models—developed within different software to cover multiple levels of detail across several technical disciplines—is still very difficult, despite the level of maturation achieved by Systems Engineering. This paper describes a possible approach to provide such a connection between tools to allow a complete multi-disciplinary and heterogeneous simulation to analyse complex systems, such as safety-critical ones, which are typical of aerospace applications. Such an application is within a defined industrial context, placing particular attention on the compatibility of the approach with the legacy processes and tools. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue On-Board Systems Design for Aerospace Vehicles)
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27 pages, 3491 KiB  
Article
Preliminary Design and Simulation of a Thermal Management System with Integrated Secondary Power Generation Capability for a Mach 8 Aircraft Concept Exploiting Liquid Hydrogen
by Davide Ferretto and Nicole Viola
Aerospace 2023, 10(2), 180; https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10020180 - 14 Feb 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2737
Abstract
This paper introduces the concept of a thermal management system (TMS) with integrated on-board power generation capabilities for a Mach 8 hypersonic aircraft powered by liquid hydrogen (LH2). This work, developed within the EU-funded STRATOFLY Project, aims to demonstrate an opportunity for facing [...] Read more.
This paper introduces the concept of a thermal management system (TMS) with integrated on-board power generation capabilities for a Mach 8 hypersonic aircraft powered by liquid hydrogen (LH2). This work, developed within the EU-funded STRATOFLY Project, aims to demonstrate an opportunity for facing the challenges of hypersonic flight for civil applications, mainly dealing with thermal and environmental control, as well as propellant distribution and on-board power generation, adopting a highly integrated plant characterized by a multi-functional architecture. The TMS concept described in this paper makes benefit of the connection between the propellant storage and distribution subsystems of the aircraft to exploit hydrogen vapors and liquid flow as the means to drive a thermodynamic cycle able, on one hand, to ensure engine feed and thermal control of the cabin environment, while providing, on the other hand, the necessary power for other on-board systems and utilities, especially during the operation of high-speed propulsion plants, which cannot host traditional generators. The system layout, inspired by concepts studied within precursor EU-funded projects, is detailed and modified in order to suggest an operable solution that can be installed on-board the reference aircraft, with focus on those interfaces impacting its performance requirements and integration features as part of the overall systems architecture of the plane. Analysis and modeling of the system is performed, and the main results in terms of performance along the reference mission profile are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue On-Board Systems Design for Aerospace Vehicles)
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15 pages, 4270 KiB  
Article
Passive Satellite Solar Panel Thermal Control with Long-Wave Cut-Off Filter-Coated Solar Cells
by Tianyu Feng, Xueqin Chen, Jinqiu Zhang and Jinsheng Guo
Aerospace 2023, 10(2), 108; https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10020108 - 21 Jan 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3236
Abstract
Satellite performance and capability have increased dramatically, particularly for micro- and nanosatellites, requiring more power supply and higher thermal conditions. Problems worth considering include how to provide more power with little or no weight increase, and how to reduce satellite thermal control difficulties. [...] Read more.
Satellite performance and capability have increased dramatically, particularly for micro- and nanosatellites, requiring more power supply and higher thermal conditions. Problems worth considering include how to provide more power with little or no weight increase, and how to reduce satellite thermal control difficulties. A new way to decrease the temperature of the solar panels on a satellite was proposed. Firstly, the model of solar cells is presented, and the relationship between solar irradiation and the electricity generated explained. Based on this, a new method to reduce the temperature of the solar cell is proposed. Details about current generation and temperature rise calculations for various types of solar cells are also provided. Finally, an experiment was conducted on original and proposed solar cells. While the experiment showed some degree of effectiveness, further experiments are needed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue On-Board Systems Design for Aerospace Vehicles)
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21 pages, 2774 KiB  
Article
Onboard Processing in Satellite Communications Using AI Accelerators
by Flor Ortiz, Victor Monzon Baeza, Luis M. Garces-Socarras, Juan A. Vásquez-Peralvo, Jorge L. Gonzalez, Gianluca Fontanesi, Eva Lagunas, Jorge Querol and Symeon Chatzinotas
Aerospace 2023, 10(2), 101; https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10020101 - 19 Jan 2023
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 9854
Abstract
Satellite communication (SatCom) systems operations centers currently require high human intervention, which leads to increased operational expenditure (OPEX) and implicit latency in human action that causes degradation in the quality of service (QoS). Consequently, new SatCom systems leverage artificial intelligence and machine learning [...] Read more.
Satellite communication (SatCom) systems operations centers currently require high human intervention, which leads to increased operational expenditure (OPEX) and implicit latency in human action that causes degradation in the quality of service (QoS). Consequently, new SatCom systems leverage artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) to provide higher levels of autonomy and control. Onboard processing for advanced AI/ML algorithms, especially deep learning algorithms, requires an improvement of several magnitudes in computing power compared to what is available with legacy, radiation-tolerant, space-grade processors in space vehicles today. The next generation of onboard AI/ML space processors will likely include a diverse landscape of heterogeneous systems. This manuscript identifies the key requirements for onboard AI/ML processing, defines a reference architecture, evaluates different use case scenarios, and assesses the hardware landscape for current and next-generation space AI processors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue On-Board Systems Design for Aerospace Vehicles)
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