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Pathogenic variants in the KAT6A gene cause KAT6A syndrome, a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by intellectual disability (ID), developmental delay, speech and language challenges, feeding difficulties, and skeletal abnormalities. This scoping review synthesises current knowledge on KAT6A syndrome, identifies key research themes, and supports the mission of advocacy groups like the KAT6 Foundation. A systematic search of five databases (Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus) was conducted from 1990 to 2024, including peer-reviewed articles, preprints, and conference abstracts published from 2022 onward. Of 771 citations retrieved, 111 full-text articles were reviewed, with 62 meeting the inclusion criteria. Data were synthesised into six themes: (1) the genotype and phenotype map, revealing a broad phenotypic spectrum with common features like ID, absent speech, and craniofacial dysmorphism, as well as rare features such as severe aplastic anaemia and pancraniosynostosis; (2) the neurodevelopmental profile, detailing communication deficits, sleep disturbances, and impaired adaptive functioning; (3) the epigenetic and developmental roles of KAT6A, highlighting its critical function in histone acetylation, chromatin remodelling, and gene regulation; (4) molecular biomarkers, identifying distinct DNA methylation episignatures and dysregulated cellular pathways; (5) drug discovery, with preliminary studies suggesting that pantothenate and L-carnitine may mitigate mitochondrial dysfunction and histone acetylation deficits, while RSPO2 overexpression reverses cognitive impairment in animal models; (6) phenotypic overlap with Rett syndrome and KAT6B-related disorders. This review underscores the complexity and variability of KAT6A syndrome, highlighting the need for multidisciplinary approaches to improving diagnosis, management, and development of therapies. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies, underrepresented phenotypes, biomarker identification, and robust therapeutic trials to enhance outcomes for affected individuals and their families. Full article