J. Interdiscip. Res. Appl. Med., Volume 6, Issue 1 (March 2026) – 4 articles

Background: Conventional CT–dacryocystography (CT-DCG) requires canalicular cannulation and forced contrast injection, which may distort anatomy and cause discomfort. This study describes a non-cannulated CT-DCG protocol using dropwise iodixanol 320 instillation designed to simulate physiological tear drainage. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 80 patients (25 males, 55 females; mean age 64.3 ± 8.9 years) with suspected nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Iodixanol 320 was instilled at 2 drops/min for 10 min without cannulation. Imaging was performed on a low-dose 128-slice CT system with multiplanar reconstructions. Lacrimal patency, obstruction site, and patient discomfort (10-point VAS) were evaluated by a blinded radiologist. Results: Adequate contrast opacification was achieved in all cases. Obstruction was detected in 70/80 (87.5%) patients. Mean patient discomfort was 2.1 ± 1.3 VAS scale, lower than the values reported in the literature for conventional CT-DCG. No adverse reactions occurred. Conclusions: Non-cannulated CT-DCG with dropwise iodixanol instillation is a feasible and well-tolerated imaging technique that provides high diagnostic yield while preserving physiological tear flow. Further prospective, comparative studies are warranted to validate these findings. Full article

Background: A training program for University Internship Supervisors in Dentistry (UISD) was created from scratch in 2022 at the Faculty of Dentistry in Tours. Designed to prepare practitioners for the role of UISD, it is structured into three distinct modules, each with specific educational objectives. The first module, dedicated to the supervision of students during observation internships, has been delivered for three years. Aim: To assess the experience of UISDs as trainers, to identify their perceptions of their role, and to assess their expectations regarding the future development of this training. The study also aimed to propose a knowledge and competency framework that could serve as a basis for this first module. Methods: A qualitative approach was used, based on semi-structured individual interviews with trained UISDs who had supervised students during observation internships. Interviews were coded and analyzed inductively. Results: A total of 19 UISDs participated in the study. The mean age was 49.4 years, with an average of 23.9 years of private practice experience. Providing high-quality supervision to students in their offices was considered a major priority. Based on these results, the UISD training program was revised to identify four structuring themes for a competency framework: the internship environment, required knowledge, interpersonal skills (soft skills), and practical skills (know-how). Conclusions: The UISD training program in dentistry, designed for observation internships, has been adapted to meet practitioners’ expectations and has evolved into an initial structured framework of competencies and knowledge for supervising students during observation internships. This framework will require ongoing refinement. Full article