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Clinical and Translational Neuroscience is published by MDPI from Volume 5 Issue 2 (2021). Previous articles were published by another publisher in Open Access under a CC-BY (or CC-BY-NC-ND) licence, and they are hosted by MDPI on mdpi.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with SAGE.
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Background:
Systematic Review

Neuroplasticity in Children and Adolescents in Response to Treatment Intervention: A Systematic Review of the Literature

by
Lisa L Weyandt
1,*,
Christine M Clarkin
2,3,
Emily Z Holding
4,
Shannon E May
3,
Marisa E Marraccini
4,
Bergljot Gyda Gudmundsdottir
5,
Emily Shepard
6 and
Lauren Thompson
3
1
Department of Psychology, Director Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Rhode Island, 142 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
2
Physical Therapy Department, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
3
Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, Graduate School, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
4
School of Education, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
5
School of Education, University of Iceland, 102 Reykjavik, Iceland
6
Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Clin. Transl. Neurosci. 2020, 4(2), 21; https://doi.org/10.1177/2514183x20974231
Submission received: 20 July 2020 / Accepted: 26 October 2020 / Published: 8 December 2020

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to conduct a systematic review of the literature, adhering to PRISMA guidelines, regarding evidence of neuroplasticity in children and adolescents in response to cognitive or sensory-motor interventions. Twenty-eight studies employing seven different types of neuroimaging techniques were included in the review. Findings revealed that significant variability existed across the 28 studies with regard to the clinical populations examined, type of interventions employed, neuroimaging methods, and the type of neuroimaging data included in the studies. Overall, results supported that experience-dependent interventions were associated with neuroplastic changes among children and adolescents in both neurotypical and clinical populations. However, it remains unclear whether these molecular neuroplastic changes, including the degree and direction of those differences, were the direct result of the intervention. Although the findings are encouraging, methodological limitations of the studies limit clinical utility of the results. Future studies are warranted that rigorously define the construct of neuroplasticity, establish consistent protocols across measurement techniques, and have adequate statistical power. Lastly, studies are needed to identify the functional and structural neuroplastic mechanisms that correspond with changes in cognition and behavior in child and adolescent samples.
Keywords: neuroplasticity; neuroimaging; children; adolescents; experience-dependent; sensory-motor; fMRI neuroplasticity; neuroimaging; children; adolescents; experience-dependent; sensory-motor; fMRI

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MDPI and ACS Style

Weyandt, L.L.; Clarkin, C.M.; Holding, E.Z.; May, S.E.; Marraccini, M.E.; Gudmundsdottir, B.G.; Shepard, E.; Thompson, L. Neuroplasticity in Children and Adolescents in Response to Treatment Intervention: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Clin. Transl. Neurosci. 2020, 4, 21. https://doi.org/10.1177/2514183x20974231

AMA Style

Weyandt LL, Clarkin CM, Holding EZ, May SE, Marraccini ME, Gudmundsdottir BG, Shepard E, Thompson L. Neuroplasticity in Children and Adolescents in Response to Treatment Intervention: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Clinical and Translational Neuroscience. 2020; 4(2):21. https://doi.org/10.1177/2514183x20974231

Chicago/Turabian Style

Weyandt, Lisa L, Christine M Clarkin, Emily Z Holding, Shannon E May, Marisa E Marraccini, Bergljot Gyda Gudmundsdottir, Emily Shepard, and Lauren Thompson. 2020. "Neuroplasticity in Children and Adolescents in Response to Treatment Intervention: A Systematic Review of the Literature" Clinical and Translational Neuroscience 4, no. 2: 21. https://doi.org/10.1177/2514183x20974231

APA Style

Weyandt, L. L., Clarkin, C. M., Holding, E. Z., May, S. E., Marraccini, M. E., Gudmundsdottir, B. G., Shepard, E., & Thompson, L. (2020). Neuroplasticity in Children and Adolescents in Response to Treatment Intervention: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, 4(2), 21. https://doi.org/10.1177/2514183x20974231

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