Influence of the Interaction between Fiber Hemp Residues and Soil on the Mechanical Characteristics of Residues ^†

The increasing global population and consumption levels necessitate an exploration into alternative agricultural practices, such as the cultivation of fiber hemp (Cannabis sativa L.), which offers versatile product applications. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of fibrous hemp residue interaction with soil on its mechanical properties, focusing on moisture content and the mechanical characteristics of rolled versus unrolled hemp residues after harvest. The field of experimental research was divided into two parts. Cannabis residues after harvesting were processed with a shredding roller, and for the other part, cannabis residues were left on the soil surface. Using the test machine “Instron 5960” (Form+test Seidner & Co. Gmbh, Riedlingen, Germany) and the parameter registration software system “Bluehill” (version 3.11.1209), we assessed the mechanical properties of hemp residues in spring following their post-harvest treatment in September. Results indicated that rolled hemp exhibited a significantly higher moisture content (73%) and required approximately 53% more energy to break than unrolled hemp. Additionally, rolled hemp showed a 39% greater extension and took 39% longer to break. These findings suggest that rolling hemp residues before overwintering could strengthen their mechanical properties, enhancing their utility in no-tillage agricultural practices by facilitating their integration into seedbeds, even in conditions unfavourable for seed growth. This research informs the selection of technological processes in hemp cultivation, indicating the potential benefits of no-tillage practices.