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Abstract

Arsenic-Induced Neurotoxicity: A Study on the Brain–Behaviour Circuit †

1
Ethophilia Research Foundation, Santiniketan 731235, India
2
Department of Zoology, Rampurhat College, Rampurhat 731224, India
3
Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
4
Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
5
Department of Zoology, Visva Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
6
Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Presented at the 1st International Electronic Conference on Toxics, 20–22 March 2024; Available online: https://sciforum.net/event/IECTO2024.
Proceedings 2024, 102(1), 33; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024102033
Published: 3 April 2024
Introduction: Arsenic is a highly toxic metalloid and an environmental contaminant which predominantly affects the aquatic ecosystem. This pollutant is a well-known neurotoxicant and effectively alters neuronal activity by affecting the neurotransmission process. Abnormal neuronal activities manifest as modifications of behavioural biomarkers, which makes them a convenient method of assessing modulations in the neural system of an organism. The aim of this research study is to establish the hypothesis that an environmental toxicant like arsenic can cause repetitive behavioural patterns, which is an index of neurological abnormality.
Methods: Aquatic invertebrates are a reliable model to study ecotoxicity. As a common freshwater prawn species, Macrobrachium lamarrei was considered as a model organism to evaluate the critical role of low (non-lethal) concentrations of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) as a neurotoxicant in aquatic organisms. Both behavioural and respective gene expression (acetyl cholinesterase, neurexin–neuroligins) data were analysed to corroborate arsenic-induced neurotoxicity.
Results: The effect of arsenic trioxide on Macrobrachium lamarrei was robustly manifested in the form of a significant increase in grooming behaviour activity. Grooming is an established marker of neurological stress in several animals. In addition, repetitive behaviour is a marker of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Here, grooming repetitions were substantiated with neurexin–neuroligin up- and downregulation patterns.
Conclusions: Present-day research on the brain–behaviour circuit is applied for the analysis of psychopathological status in animals and humans. It is also efficiently used in neuropharmaceutical or neurotoxicological examinations of certain neuromodulators and neurotoxic agents (like arsenic) in the ecosystem which can induce transformed neuronal actions and consequently cause behavioural plasticity.

Author Contributions

Conceptualization, writing, formal analysis, C.M.; Methodology, A.M.; Data curation, A.M. and A.B.; Validation, P.M. and A.D.B.; Review and editing, P.S. and S.B. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Funding

This research received no external funding.

Institutional Review Board Statement

Experiments were done according to the guidelines.

Informed Consent Statement

Not applicable.

Data Availability Statement

Experimental results can be found in the preprint https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.08.30.505863v1.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Munshi, C.; Mukhuty, A.; Bandyopadhyay, A.; Mondal, P.; Bhowmik, A.D.; Shaw, P.; Bhattacharya, S. Arsenic-Induced Neurotoxicity: A Study on the Brain–Behaviour Circuit. Proceedings 2024, 102, 33. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024102033

AMA Style

Munshi C, Mukhuty A, Bandyopadhyay A, Mondal P, Bhowmik AD, Shaw P, Bhattacharya S. Arsenic-Induced Neurotoxicity: A Study on the Brain–Behaviour Circuit. Proceedings. 2024; 102(1):33. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024102033

Chicago/Turabian Style

Munshi, Chayan, Alpana Mukhuty, Arindam Bandyopadhyay, Paritosh Mondal, Arpan Dey Bhowmik, Pallab Shaw, and Shelley Bhattacharya. 2024. "Arsenic-Induced Neurotoxicity: A Study on the Brain–Behaviour Circuit" Proceedings 102, no. 1: 33. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024102033

APA Style

Munshi, C., Mukhuty, A., Bandyopadhyay, A., Mondal, P., Bhowmik, A. D., Shaw, P., & Bhattacharya, S. (2024). Arsenic-Induced Neurotoxicity: A Study on the Brain–Behaviour Circuit. Proceedings, 102(1), 33. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024102033

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