European Transition to Electric Vehicles: Italy as a Case of Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. The Electric Energy Ecosystem in Italy: Production and Distribution
2.1. The Actual Production of Electric Energy
2.2. The Electric Grid and Distribution
3. The Italian Vehicle Fleet: Present and Expected Futures
3.1. The Current Scenario of the Italian Vehicle Fleet
3.2. The Conundrum of Transition to a Fully BEV Fleet
4. Policy Implication and European Perspectives
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Vehicles Typology | Vehicles Number |
---|---|
ICE | 3.74 × 107 |
HEV | 1.55 × 106 |
BEV | 3.32 × 105 |
EV Model | Energetic Consumption (kWh/km) a | Average Distance Run in 1 Year (km) b | Total Yearly Energy Need (TWh) |
---|---|---|---|
Mercedes eVito Tourer Extra-Long | 0.30 | 10,712 | 128.1 c/164.9 d |
Tesla Model 3 | 0.14 | 57.2 c/77.0 d | |
Average | 0.20 | 81.3 c/110.0 d |
Energetic supply | Oil-derived fuels Drop-in fuels Bioderived fuels E-fuels | Electric energy |
Recharge infrastructure | Diffuse on the overall state territory. Consolidate supply chain Very fast recharge | Non-homogeneous diffusion Limited amount of fast and ultrafast charging points Difficult integration in the electric distribution system |
Productive infrastructure | Well-known productive technologies Well established Resilient supply chain | Require major investments Require a strong effort in project and implementation Fragile supply chain |
Cost for the user | Balanced by several major players Fluctuation in fuel cost due to crude oil price | High cost. Fluctuation in electric energy cost due to energetic market volatility |
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Bartoli, M.; Rosso, C.; Tagliaferro, A. European Transition to Electric Vehicles: Italy as a Case of Study. Batteries 2024, 10, 375. https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries10110375
Bartoli M, Rosso C, Tagliaferro A. European Transition to Electric Vehicles: Italy as a Case of Study. Batteries. 2024; 10(11):375. https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries10110375
Chicago/Turabian StyleBartoli, Mattia, Carlo Rosso, and Alberto Tagliaferro. 2024. "European Transition to Electric Vehicles: Italy as a Case of Study" Batteries 10, no. 11: 375. https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries10110375
APA StyleBartoli, M., Rosso, C., & Tagliaferro, A. (2024). European Transition to Electric Vehicles: Italy as a Case of Study. Batteries, 10(11), 375. https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries10110375