Carbon Nanotube-Based Scaffolds for Cardiac Tissue Engineering—Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis
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School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7AL, UK
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Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK
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Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editors: Abhay Pandit and Wassana Yantasee
Bioengineering 2021, 8(6), 80; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering8060080
Received: 7 April 2021
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Revised: 21 May 2021
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Accepted: 1 June 2021
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Published: 9 June 2021
(This article belongs to the Collection Nanoparticles for Therapeutic and Diagnostic Applications)
Cardiovascular disease is currently the top global cause of death, however, research into new therapies is in decline. Tissue engineering is a solution to this crisis and in combination with the use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which have drawn recent attention as a biomaterial, could facilitate the development of more dynamic and complex in vitro models. CNTs’ electrical conductivity and dimensional similarity to cardiac extracellular proteins provide a unique opportunity to deliver scaffolds with stimuli that mimic the native cardiac microenvironment in vitro more effectively. This systematic review aims to evaluate the use and efficacy of CNTs for cardiac tissue scaffolds and was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Three databases were searched: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Papers resulting from these searches were then subjected to analysis against pre-determined inclusion and quality appraisal criteria. From 249 results, 27 manuscripts met the criteria and were included in this review. Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were most commonly used in the experiments, with multi-walled CNTs being most common in tissue scaffolds. Immunofluorescence was the experimental technique most frequently used, which was employed for the staining of cardiac-specific proteins relating to contractile and electrophysiological function.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Scott, L.; Jurewicz, I.; Jeevaratnam, K.; Lewis, R. Carbon Nanotube-Based Scaffolds for Cardiac Tissue Engineering—Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis. Bioengineering 2021, 8, 80. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering8060080
AMA Style
Scott L, Jurewicz I, Jeevaratnam K, Lewis R. Carbon Nanotube-Based Scaffolds for Cardiac Tissue Engineering—Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis. Bioengineering. 2021; 8(6):80. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering8060080
Chicago/Turabian StyleScott, Louie, Izabela Jurewicz, Kamalan Jeevaratnam, and Rebecca Lewis. 2021. "Carbon Nanotube-Based Scaffolds for Cardiac Tissue Engineering—Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis" Bioengineering 8, no. 6: 80. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering8060080
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