Six-Year Survival and Early Failure Rate of 2918 Implants with Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Enossal Surfaces
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
- immediate loading;
- immediate temporization with bone grafting, mainly for simultaneous and two-stage sinus lifting using DBBM (Bio-Oss, Geistlich, Switzerland) or β calcium triphosphate (TCP, CEROS, Thommen Medical AG, Grenchen, Switzerland);
- guided bone regeneration using either autogenous bone from the retromolar area or autologous bone (TBF, Mions, France). Augmentation surgery has been performed prior to the implant placement. The bone healing time was 4 months when autogenous bone was used, 5 months when patients received allogeneic bone, and 6 months or more with the bovine bone.
3. Results
No. of implants | Failed Implants | CSR | Observation Period |
---|---|---|---|
Total | 30 | 99.0 | 4.0 (1.1–5.9) years |
INICELL | 7 * | 99.5 | 2.1 (1.1–5.4) years |
TST | 23 * | 98.5 | 4.5 (1.3–5.9) years |
Contributing Factor | Number of Failed Implants |
---|---|
INICELL: 7 failed implants | |
Reduced implant diameter (PF Ø 3.5 mm) | 3 |
Immediate loading | 2 |
Provisional loading | 1 |
Edentulous patient with immediate loading | 1 |
TST: 23 failed implants | |
Reduced implant diameter (PF Ø 3.5 mm) | 5 |
Edentulous patient with immediate loading | 6 (in 4 patients) |
Sinus lift | 3 (in 2 patients) |
Immediate temporization | 9 |
- Standard cases: within the reported population 640 patients received 968 INICELL and 1064 TST implants. In standard cases implants have been placed after performing a full thickness flap and preparation of the implant bed by using the drilling sequence (recommended by the manufacturer). Most of the time a healing screw was placed and sutures done. 6 weeks later the permanent crown was fabricated and screw-attached with the torque recommended by the manufacturer (25 N for platforms between 4 and 6 mm and 15 N for the 3.5 mm). Early failures have occurred with only 1 INICELL and 9 TST implants. This difference was also statistically significant (p < 0.05; Fisher’s exact test).
- Edentulous cases: 75 edentulous patients received 493 immediately loaded implants (267 INICELL and 226 TST). Of these 2 INICELL and 6 TST implants have failed early. In some of these patients the implants have been placed with the help of navigated surgery [7].
- Immediate loading: immediate non-occlusal loading of single tooth was done in 74 patients with 35 INICELL and 39 TST implants. Only 1 INICELL implant failed early.
- Sinus floor elevation: Consecutive and simultaneous sinus lift was done in 240 patients that have received 86 INICELL and 141 TST implants. Only 3 TST implants failed early.
- Reduced diameter implants: from the 228 INICELL and 203 TST inserted reduced diameter (PF Ø 3.5 mm) implants early failures occurred with 5 TST and 3 INICELL implants (this difference is not statistically significant). This finding is in apparent contradiction to the outcome of a retrospective analysis of papers published until September 2012 [8]. In the presented study only a small proportion (13%) of the implants had a reduced diameter (3.5 mm). In this single center case series their survival rate was no different from that of wider diameter implants. Their outcome did not differ between INICELL or TST implants.
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gac, O.L.; Grunder, U. Six-Year Survival and Early Failure Rate of 2918 Implants with Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Enossal Surfaces. Dent. J. 2015, 3, 15-23. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj3010015
Gac OL, Grunder U. Six-Year Survival and Early Failure Rate of 2918 Implants with Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Enossal Surfaces. Dentistry Journal. 2015; 3(1):15-23. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj3010015
Chicago/Turabian StyleGac, Olivier Le, and Ueli Grunder. 2015. "Six-Year Survival and Early Failure Rate of 2918 Implants with Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Enossal Surfaces" Dentistry Journal 3, no. 1: 15-23. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj3010015
APA StyleGac, O. L., & Grunder, U. (2015). Six-Year Survival and Early Failure Rate of 2918 Implants with Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Enossal Surfaces. Dentistry Journal, 3(1), 15-23. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj3010015