Low High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Predisposes to Coronary Artery Ectasia
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Experimental Section
2.1. Study Population
2.2. Data Collection
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Ectatic (n = 65) | Obstructive (n = 62) | Control (n = 44) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Patient Characteristics | ||||
Height, cm | 175.64 ± 6.62 | 170.32 ± 9.90 | 169.61 ± 10.34 | 0.04 |
Weight, kg | 89.35 ± 12.97 | 86.14 ± 17.19 | 81.25 ± 19.24 | 0.17 |
BMI | 28.96 ± 3.82 | 29.62 ± 4.92 | 28.22 ± 6.30 | 0.49 |
Comorbidities | ||||
Stable angina, n (%) | 5 (7.7) | 2 (3.2) | 10 (22.7) | 0.003 |
Silent ischemia, n (%) | 3 (4.6) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (4.5) | 0.23 |
Unstable angina, n (%) | 28 (43.1) | 18 (29.0) | 29 (65.9) | 0.001 |
NSTEMI, n (%) | 13 (20.0) | 18 (29.0) | 4 (9.1) | 0.04 |
STEMI, n (%) | 22 (33.8) | 29 (46.8) | 8 (18.2) | 0.001 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 51 (78.5) | 48 (77.4) | 29 (69.0) | 0.50 |
Diabetes, n (%) | 20 (30.8) | 18 (29.0) | 15 (35.7) | 0.76 |
Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 54 (83.1) | 55 (88.7) | 34 (81.0) | 0.50 |
Smoker, n (%) | 35 (53.8) | 37 (59.7) | 18 (42.9) | 0.23 |
Prior of angina, n (%) | 2 (3.1) | 4 (6.5) | 1 (2.4) | 0.51 |
Prior typical/atypical chest pain, n (%) | 1 (1.5) | 1 (1.6) | 2 (4.8) | 0.50 |
Prior CAD, n (%) | 23 (35.4%) | 26 (41.9) | 7 (16.7) | 0.02 |
Pharmacological Treatment | ||||
Statins, n (%) | 51 (81.0) | 58 (96.7) | 27 (79.4) | 0.014 |
Diuretics, n (%) | 15 (23.8) | 15 (25.0) | 9 (26.5) | 0.95 |
Insulin, n (%) | 1 (1.6) | 1 (1.7) | 2 (5.9) | 0.37 |
ACEi or ARB, n (%) | 39 (61.9) | 45 (75.0) | 20 (58.8) | 0.18 |
Aspirin, n (%) | 55 (87.3) | 60 (100) | 23 (67.6) | 0.001 |
CCB, n (%) | 6 (9.5) | 12 (20.0) | 8 (23.5) | 0.13 |
Nitrates, n (%) | 7 (11.1) | 4 (6.7) | 2 (5.9) | 0.56 |
Oral hypoglycaemic, n (%) | 9 (14.3) | 10 (16.7) | 9 (26.5) | 0.31 |
Variable | Ectatic (n = 65) | Obstructive (n = 62) | Control (n = 44) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 185.14 ± 55.44 | 185.51 ± 54.55 | 190.39 ± 37.76 | 0.85 |
Triglyceride, mg/dL | 155.89 ± 87.07 | 184.26 ± 128.43 | 159.69 ± 114.34 | 0.34 |
HDL-C, mg/dL | 40.13 ± 10.15 | 38.67 ± 10.16 | 45.52 ± 11.97 | 0.007 |
LDL-C, mg/dL | 116.61 ± 51.86 | 110.37 ± 44.03 | 117.86 ± 32.66 | 0.67 |
Total cholesterol/HDL-C ratio | 4.76 ± 1.2 | 4.92 ± 1.11 | 4.15 ± 0.77 | 0.001 |
Triglyceride/HDL-C ratio | 3.78 ± 2.24 | 4.67 ± 2.65 | 3.43 ± 2.76 | 0.03 |
LDL-C/HDL-C ratio | 3.02 ± 1.76 | 2.87 ± 1.53 | 2.66 ± 1.03 | 0.001 |
Hemoglobin, g/dL | 14.09 ± 1.76 | 13.37 ± 1.57 | 13.49 ± 1.63 | 0.049 |
Hematocrit (%) | 41.38 ± 5.00 | 39.33 ± 4.45 | 39.67 ± 4.35 | 0.04 |
Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.20 ± 0.80 | 1.12 ± 0.63 | 1.23 ± 0.88 | 0.74 |
Variable | Ectatic (n = 65) | Obstructive (n = 62) | Control (n = 44) | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rest LV function, n (%) | Normal | 28 (51.9) | 25 (51.0) | 27 (75.0) | 0.09 |
Mild | 5 (9.3) | 10 (20.4) | 3 (8.3) | ||
Moderate | 10 (18.5) | 9 (18.4) | 4 (11.1) | ||
Severe | 11 (20.4) | 5 (10.2) | 2 (5.6) | ||
Ejection fraction, mean ± SD | 48.55 ± 14.25 | 50.01 ± 11.28 | 55.94 ± 11.44 | 0.02 | |
LV hypertrophy, n (%) | 20 (38.5) | 19 (33.3) | 9 (23.7) | 0.33 | |
Mitral regurgitation, n (%) | Mild | 47 (87.0) | 58 (93.5) | 35 (92.1) | 0.45 |
Moderate | 7 (13.0) | 4 (6.5) | 3 (7.9) | ||
Aortic stenosis, n (%) | Mild | 51 (94.4) | 59 (95.2) | 36 (97.3) | 0.80 |
Moderate | 3 (5.6) | 3 (4.8) | 1 (2.7) | ||
Tricuspid regurgitation, n (%) | Mild | 51 (96.2) | 59 (95.2) | 37 (97.4) | 0.85 |
Moderate | 2 (3.8) | 3 (4.8) | 1 (2.6) | ||
Pulmonary pressure (mmHg), mean ± SD | 25.48 ± 6.54 | 25.86 ± 11.07 | 23.96 ± 7.08 | 0.63 | |
ECG pathological findings, n (%) | 21 (35.6) | 4 (7.4) | 5 (11.9) | <0.001 |
Variable | p-Value | OR | 95% CI | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Lower | Upper | |||
LDL-C/HDL-C ratio | 0.034 | 1.987 | 1.542 | 2.882 |
HDL-C, mg/dL | 0.029 | 0.858 | 0.749 | 0.984 |
Hemoglobin, g/dL | 0.021 | 2.060 | 1.114 | 3.809 |
Statin use | 0.060 | 16.562 | 0.890 | 308.351 |
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Jafari, J.; Daum, A.; Hamed, J.A.; Osherov, A.; Orlov, Y.; Yosefy, C.; Gallego-Colon, E. Low High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Predisposes to Coronary Artery Ectasia. Biomedicines 2019, 7, 79. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines7040079
Jafari J, Daum A, Hamed JA, Osherov A, Orlov Y, Yosefy C, Gallego-Colon E. Low High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Predisposes to Coronary Artery Ectasia. Biomedicines. 2019; 7(4):79. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines7040079
Chicago/Turabian StyleJafari, Jamal, Aner Daum, Jihad Abu Hamed, Azriel Osherov, Yan Orlov, Chaim Yosefy, and Enrique Gallego-Colon. 2019. "Low High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Predisposes to Coronary Artery Ectasia" Biomedicines 7, no. 4: 79. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines7040079
APA StyleJafari, J., Daum, A., Hamed, J. A., Osherov, A., Orlov, Y., Yosefy, C., & Gallego-Colon, E. (2019). Low High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Predisposes to Coronary Artery Ectasia. Biomedicines, 7(4), 79. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines7040079