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Mathematics, Volume 12, Issue 24

2024 December-2 - 168 articles

Cover Story: The authors propose a novel random coefficient autoregressive model, which is distinguished by the non-stationarity of its state equation. They model the autoregressive coefficient as an unknown function of an unobservable state variable, which they actively estimate by using the local linear regression method. They construct iterative algorithms that are based on the ordinary least squares and Kalman smoothing methods to estimate the model's parameters. The authors conduct a comprehensive numerical simulation to demonstrate the performance. Additionally, they validate the practical applicability of their model by applying it to actual time series data from the S&P/HKEX Large Cap Index. This real-world data analysis showcases the model's effectiveness in capturing the dynamics of financial markets. View this paper
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Articles (168)

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,637 Views
23 Pages

Generalisation of the Signed Distance

  • Rédina Berkachy and
  • Laurent Donzé

23 December 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive study of the signed distance metric for fuzzy numbers. Due to the property of directionality, this measure has been widely used. However, it has a main drawback in handling asymmetry and irregular shapes in fuzzy n...

(This article belongs to the Section D2: Operations Research and Fuzzy Decision Making)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,231 Views
18 Pages

An Integrated Algorithm with Feature Selection, Data Augmentation, and XGBoost for Ovarian Cancer

  • Jingxun Cai,
  • Zne-Jung Lee,
  • Zhihxian Lin,
  • Chih-Hung Hsu and
  • Yun Lin

23 December 2024

Ovarian cancer is one of the most aggressive gynecological cancers due to its high invasion and chemoresistance. It not only has a high incidence rate but also tops the list of mortality rates. Its subtle early symptoms make subsequent diagnosis diff...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,462 Views
16 Pages

23 December 2024

As a pivotal research method in the field of granular computing (GrC), fuzzy rough sets (FRSs) have garnered significant attention due to their successful overcoming of the limitations of traditional rough sets in handling continuous data. This paper...

(This article belongs to the Section E2: Control Theory and Mechanics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,618 Views
22 Pages

23 December 2024

This article proposes various new approximate analytical solutions of the boundary value problem for the non-stationary system of Nernst–Planck–Poisson (NPP) equations in the diffusion layer of an ideally selective ion-exchange membrane a...

(This article belongs to the Section E: Applied Mathematics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,276 Views
26 Pages

SBE-Algebras via Intuitionistic Fuzzy Structures

  • Tahsin Oner,
  • Hashem Bordbar,
  • Neelamegarajan Rajesh and
  • Akbar Rezaei

23 December 2024

The study introduces the concept of intuitionistic fuzzy SBE-subalgebras, ideals, and filters, along with level sets of intuitionistic fuzzy sets within the framework of Sheffer stroke BE-algebras. These concepts are shown to be crucial for understan...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
1,498 Views
28 Pages

23 December 2024

The global energy crisis and the pursuit of carbon neutrality have introduced significant challenges to the optimal dispatch of power systems. Despite advancements in optimization techniques, existing methods often struggle to efficiently handle the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
1,786 Views
19 Pages

23 December 2024

Synthetic oversampling methods for dealing with imbalanced classification problems have been widely studied. However, the current synthetic oversampling methods still cannot perform well when facing high-dimensional imbalanced financial data. The fai...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancement of Mathematical Methods in Feature Representation Learning for Artificial Intelligence, Data Mining and Robotics, 2nd Edition)
  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,251 Views
32 Pages

Classical Gasses with Singular Densities

  • Luca Di Persio,
  • Yuri Kondratiev and
  • Viktorya Vardanyan

23 December 2024

We investigate classical continuous systems characterized by singular velocity distributions, where the corresponding Radon measures are defined over the entire space with infinite mass. These singular distributions are used to model particle velocit...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
4,281 Views
16 Pages

23 December 2024

Crude oil is a raw and natural, but nonrenewable, resource. It is one of the world’s most important commodities, and its price can have ripple effects throughout the broader economy. Accurately predicting crude oil prices is vital for investmen...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,868 Views
20 Pages

23 December 2024

We investigate a nonlinear integral equation derived through moment approximation from the individual-based representation of spatial logistic dynamics. The equation describes how the densities of pairs of individuals represented by points in continu...

(This article belongs to the Collection Theoretical and Mathematical Ecology)
  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
13 Citations
3,301 Views
23 Pages

Higher-Order Spectral Analysis and Artificial Intelligence for Diagnosing Faults in Electrical Machines: An Overview

  • Miguel Enrique Iglesias Martínez,
  • Jose A. Antonino-Daviu,
  • Larisa Dunai,
  • J. Alberto Conejero and
  • Pedro Fernández de Córdoba

23 December 2024

Fault diagnosis in electrical machines is a cornerstone of operational reliability and cost-effective maintenance strategies. This review provides a comprehensive exploration of the integration of higher-order spectral analysis (HOSA) techniques&mdas...

(This article belongs to the Section E1: Mathematics and Computer Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,195 Views
20 Pages

Generalized Type-2 Fuzzy Approach for Parameter Adaptation in the Whale Optimization Algorithm

  • Leticia Amador-Angulo,
  • Oscar Castillo,
  • Patricia Melin and
  • Zong Woo Geem

22 December 2024

An enhanced whale optimization algorithm (WOA) through the implementation of a generalized type-2 fuzzy logic system (GT2FLS) is outlined. The initial idea is to improve the efficacy of the original WOA using a GT2FLS to find the optimal values of th...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Artificial Intelligence: Models, Optimization, and Machine Learning, 3rd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3,110 Views
26 Pages

A Navigation Algorithm Based on the Reinforcement Learning Reward System and Optimised with Genetic Algorithm

  • Mireya Cabezas-Olivenza,
  • Ekaitz Zulueta,
  • Iker Azurmendi-Marquinez,
  • Unai Fernandez-Gamiz and
  • Danel Rico-Melgosa

22 December 2024

Regarding autonomous vehicle navigation, reinforcement learning is a technique that has demonstrated significant results. Nevertheless, it is a technique with a high number of parameters that need to be optimised without prior information, and correc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
4,511 Views
27 Pages

22 December 2024

Image visibility is often degraded under challenging conditions such as low light, backlighting, and inadequate contrast. To mitigate these issues, techniques like histogram equalization, high dynamic range (HDR) tone mapping and near-infrared (NIR)&...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances and Applications in Image Processing and Computer Vision)
  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
2,381 Views
12 Pages

22 December 2024

In this paper, we study the (classical) Frobenius problem, namely the problem of finding the largest integer that cannot be represented as a nonnegative integer combination of given, relatively prime, (strictly) positive integers (known as the Froben...

(This article belongs to the Section E1: Mathematics and Computer Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,227 Views
21 Pages

Analysis of Block Adaptive Type-II Progressive Hybrid Censoring with Weibull Distribution

  • Kundan Singh,
  • Yogesh Mani Tripathi,
  • Liang Wang and
  • Shuo-Jye Wu

22 December 2024

The estimation of unknown model parameters and reliability characteristics is considered under a block adaptive progressive hybrid censoring scheme, where data are observed from a Weibull model. This censoring scheme enhances experimental efficiency...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Statistical Simulation and Computation: 3rd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,449 Views
17 Pages

Low-Light Image Enhancement Integrating Retinex-Inspired Extended Decomposition with a Plug-and-Play Framework

  • Chenping Zhao,
  • Wenlong Yue,
  • Yingjun Wang,
  • Jianping Wang and ,
  • Shousheng Luo,
  • Huazhu Chen and
  • Yan Wang
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

22 December 2024

Images captured under low-light conditions often suffer from serious degradation due to insufficient light, which adversely impacts subsequent computer vision tasks. Retinex-based methods have demonstrated strong potential in low-light image enhancem...

(This article belongs to the Section E1: Mathematics and Computer Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,574 Views
7 Pages

22 December 2024

In this paper, we solve three Diophantine equations: 2x±(2kp)y=z2 and −2x+(2k3)y=z2 with k≥0 and prime p≡±3(mod8). We obtain all the non-negative integer solutions by using elementary methods and the database of elliptic...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
5,139 Views
27 Pages

22 December 2024

This paper investigates the impact of digital economy development on regional income gaps within provinces in China, focusing on the underlying mechanisms and multidimensional threshold effects. Using provincial panel data from 2011 to 2021, this stu...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Statistical Analysis for Health, Finance, Industry and Digital Economy)
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,913 Views
33 Pages

Optimizing Multi-Depot Mixed Fleet Vehicle–Drone Routing Under a Carbon Trading Mechanism

  • Yong Peng,
  • Yanlong Zhang,
  • Dennis Z. Yu,
  • Song Liu and ,
  • Yali Zhang and
  • Yangyan Shi
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

22 December 2024

The global pursuit of carbon neutrality requires the reduction of carbon emissions in logistics and distribution. The integration of electric vehicles (EVs) and drones in a collaborative delivery model revolutionizes last-mile delivery by significant...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Data-Driven Algorithms for Optimal Decision Making in Logistics and Supply Chain Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,056 Views
33 Pages

A New Class of Bivariate Distributions: Properties, Estimation, and Modeling

  • Jumanah Ahmed Darwish,
  • Saman Hanif Shahbaz and
  • Muhammad Qaiser Shahbaz

22 December 2024

The development of bivariate distributions is a challenging area of research, and a novel class of bivariate distributions is proposed in this paper. Certain useful mathematical characteristics of the proposed class of bivariate distributions are exp...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Statistical Methods with Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,375 Views
18 Pages

Spinor Equations of Smarandache Curves in E3

  • Zeynep İsabeyoǧlu,
  • Tülay Erişir and
  • Ayşe Zeynep Azak

22 December 2024

This study examines the spinor representations of TN (tangent and normal), NB (normal and binormal), TB (tangent and binormal) and TNB (tangent, normal and binormal)–Smarandache curves in three-dimensional Euclidean space E3. Spinors are comple...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Differential Geometric Structures and Their Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
18,588 Views
25 Pages

22 December 2024

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is increasingly being applied to complex decision-making tasks such as financial trading. However, designing effective reward functions remains a significant challenge. Traditional static reward functions often fail to ada...

(This article belongs to the Section E1: Mathematics and Computer Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,278 Views
27 Pages

Sensitivity Analysis of Factors Influencing Coal Prices in China

  • Jingye Lyu,
  • Chong Li,
  • Wenwen Zhou and
  • Jinsuo Zhang

21 December 2024

A scientific assessment of the sensitivity of the Chinese coal market has become an important research topic. This paper combines Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) and Sobol sensitivity analysis to construct a GPR–Sobol hybrid model innovativel...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,738 Views
20 Pages

21 December 2024

Summation of infinite series has played a significant role in a broad range of problems in the physical sciences and is of interest in a purely mathematical context. In a prior paper, we found that the Fourier–Legendre series of a Bessel functi...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,395 Views
15 Pages

21 December 2024

In this paper, we delve into the complexities of information-theoretic models, specifically focusing on how we can model sample size and how it affects our previous findings. This question is fundamental and intricate, posing a significant intellectu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,709 Views
15 Pages

21 December 2024

This paper presents a synthesis of higher-order control Lyapunov functions (HOCLFs) and higher-order control barrier functions (HOCBFs) capable of controlling nonlinear dynamic systems while maintaining safety. Building on previous Lyapunov and barri...

(This article belongs to the Section D: Statistics and Operational Research)
  • Article
  • Open Access
24 Citations
4,569 Views
17 Pages

21 December 2024

Aiming at some shortcomings of the genetic algorithm to solve the path planning in a global static environment, such as a low efficiency of population initialization, slow convergence speed, and easy-to-fall-into the local optimum, an improved geneti...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,349 Views
27 Pages

21 December 2024

Within the realm of graphic design sustainability, selecting appropriate solutions has become a crucial strategic decision for organizations aiming to optimize their operations. This paper presents a novel hybrid multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM)...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fuzzy Decision Making and Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
2,448 Views
33 Pages

21 December 2024

This study proposes a nonlinear adaptive optimal control method, the adaptive H2 control method, applied to the trajectory tracking problem of the wheeled mobile robot (WMR) with four-wheel mecanum wheels. From the perspective of solving mathematical...

(This article belongs to the Section E2: Control Theory and Mechanics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
1,706 Views
18 Pages

20 December 2024

Bioconvection phenomena play a pivotal role in diverse applications, including the synthesis of biological polymers and advancements in renewable energy technologies. This study develops a comprehensive mathematical model to examine the effects of ke...

(This article belongs to the Section E2: Control Theory and Mechanics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,592 Views
16 Pages

20 December 2024

This research addresses the phenomena of thermoelastic damping (TED) and frequency shift (FS) of a thin flexible piezoelectro-magneto-thermoelastic (PEMT) composite beam. Its motion is constrained by two linear flexible springs attached to both ends....

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mathematical and Computational Methods for Mechanics and Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,203 Views
12 Pages

Solvability of Some Elliptic Equations with a Nonlocal Boundary Condition

  • Serik Aitzhanov,
  • Bakytbek Koshanov and
  • Aray Kuntuarova

20 December 2024

In this work, we study a nonlocal boundary value problem for a quasilinear elliptic equation. Using the method of regularization and parameter continuation, we prove the existence and uniqueness of a regular solution to the nonlocal boundary value pr...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Partial Differential Equations in Mathematical Physics, 2nd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
3,842 Views
14 Pages

A Lightweight Malware Detection Model Based on Knowledge Distillation

  • Chunyu Miao,
  • Liang Kou,
  • Jilin Zhang and
  • Guozhong Dong

20 December 2024

The extremely destructive nature of malware has become a major threat to Internet security. The research on malware detection techniques has been evolving. Deep learning-based malware detection methods have achieved good results by using large-scale,...

(This article belongs to the Section E1: Mathematics and Computer Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,494 Views
20 Pages

A Finite Representation of Durational Action Timed Automata Semantics

  • Ahmed Bouzenada,
  • Djamel Eddine Saidouni and
  • Gregorio Díaz

20 December 2024

Durational action timed automata (daTAs) are state transition systems like timed automata (TAs) that capture information regarding the concurrent execution of actions and their durations using maximality-based semantics. As the underlying semantics o...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Formal Methods in Computer Science: Theory and Applications)
  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,102 Views
14 Pages

20 December 2024

This paper focuses on one-parameter semigroups of ρ-nonexpansive mappings Tt:C→C, where C is a subset of a modular space Xρ, the parameter t ranges over [0,+∞), and ρ is a convex modular with the Fatou property. The common fixe...

(This article belongs to the Section B: Geometry and Topology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
2,098 Views
21 Pages

20 December 2024

The application of eigenvalue theory to dual quaternion Hermitian matrices holds significance in the realm of multi-agent formation control. In this paper, we study the use of Rayleigh quotient iteration (RQI) for solving the right eigenpairs of dual...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,466 Views
29 Pages

Cooperative Behavior of Prosumers in Integrated Energy Systems

  • Natalia Aizenberg,
  • Evgeny Barakhtenko and
  • Gleb Mayorov

20 December 2024

The technical complexity of organizing energy systems’ operation has recently been compounded by the complexity of reconciling the interests of individual entities involved in interactions. This study proposes a possible solution to the problem...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mathematical Modeling and Applications in Industrial Organization)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,822 Views
18 Pages

State Observer for Time Delay Systems Applied to SIRS Compartmental Epidemiological Model for COVID-19

  • Raúl Villafuerte-Segura,
  • Jorge A. Hernández-Ávila,
  • Gilberto Ochoa-Ortega and
  • Mario Ramirez-Neria

20 December 2024

This manuscript presents a Luenberger-type state observer for a class of nonlinear systems with multiple delays. Sufficient conditions are provided to ensure practical stability of the error dynamics. The exponential decay of the observation error dy...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Control Systems and Engineering Cybernetics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
11,146 Views
22 Pages

Improving Medical Image Segmentation Using Test-Time Augmentation with MedSAM

  • Wasfieh Nazzal,
  • Karl Thurnhofer-Hemsi and
  • Ezequiel López-Rubio

20 December 2024

Medical image segmentation is crucial for diagnostics and treatment planning, yet traditional methods often struggle with the variability of real-world clinical data. Deep learning models, like the Segment Anything Model (SAM), have been proposed as...

(This article belongs to the Section E1: Mathematics and Computer Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,875 Views
10 Pages

Existence of Solutions for Generalized Nonlinear Fourth-Order Differential Equations

  • Salah Benhiouna,
  • Azzeddine Bellour,
  • Reemah Alhuzally and
  • Ahmad M. Alghamdi

20 December 2024

In this article, we studied the existence of solutions for a more general form of nonlinear fourth-order differential equations by using a new generalization of the Arzelá–Ascoli theorem and Schauder fixed theorem under easier and genera...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nonlinear Equations: Theory, Methods, and Applications III)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,002 Views
17 Pages

20 December 2024

The security of AI models poses significant challenges, as sensitive user information can potentially be inferred from the models, leading to privacy breaches. To address this, machine unlearning methods aim to remove specific data from a trained mod...

(This article belongs to the Section E1: Mathematics and Computer Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,496 Views
20 Pages

Large Language Model-Assisted Reinforcement Learning for Hybrid Disassembly Line Problem

  • Xiwang Guo,
  • Chi Jiao,
  • Peng Ji,
  • Jiacun Wang and ,
  • Shujin Qin,
  • Bin Hu,
  • Liang Qi and
  • Xianming Lang
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

19 December 2024

Recycling end-of-life products is essential for reducing environmental impact and promoting resource reuse. In the realm of remanufacturing, researchers are increasingly concentrating on the challenge of the disassembly line balancing problem (DLBP),...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Knowledge- and Learning-Driven Meta-Heuristics for Addressing Complex Optimization and Scheduling Problems)
  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
1,305 Views
34 Pages

19 December 2024

In this paper, we developed a new standby system that combines a retrial strategy with multiple working vacations, and we performed a dynamic analysis of the system. We investigated its well−posedness and asymptotic behavior using the theory of...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Dynamical Systems and Differential Equations)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,242 Views
15 Pages

19 December 2024

Estimators of population characteristics which only exploit information of the study characters tend to be prone to outliers or extreme values that may characterize sampling information due to randomness in selection thereby making them to be less ef...

(This article belongs to the Section E: Applied Mathematics)
  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
4,355 Views
22 Pages

19 December 2024

A novel time-dependent deterministic SEIRS model, extended with vaccination, hospitalization, and vital dynamics, is introduced. Time-varying basic and effective reproduction numbers associated with this model are defined, which are crucial metrics i...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,296 Views
23 Pages

Some New Notions of Continuity in Generalized Primal Topological Space

  • Muhammad Shahbaz,
  • Tayyab Kamran,
  • Umar Ishtiaq,
  • Mariam Imtiaz and ,
  • Ioan-Lucian Popa and
  • Fethi Mohamed Maiz
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

19 December 2024

This study analyzes the characteristics and functioning of Sg∗-functions, Sg∗-homeomorphisms, and Sg∗#-homeomorphisms in generalized topological spaces (GTS). A few important points to emphasize are Sg∗-continuous function...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,036 Views
26 Pages

Estimation of Sporulated Cell Concentration of Bacillus thuringiensis in a Batch Biochemical Reactor via Simple State Observers

  • José Luis Zárate-Castrejón,
  • Pablo A. López-Pérez,
  • Milagros López-López,
  • Carlos A. Núñez-Colín and ,
  • Rafael A. Veloz-García,
  • Hamid Mukhtar and
  • Vicente Peña-Caballero
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

19 December 2024

This paper presents a contrast of two different observation strategies viz a nonlinear observer and a classical extended Luenberger observer applied to a bioreactor system for Bacillus thuringiensis production. The performance of the two observers wa...

(This article belongs to the Section E3: Mathematical Biology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
5,436 Views
23 Pages

19 December 2024

This study introduces a multi-objective deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based adaptive transit signal priority control framework designed to enhance safety and efficiency in mixed-autonomy traffic environments. The framework utilizes real-time data...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Numerical Computation, Data Analysis and Software in Mathematics and Engineering, 3rd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,372 Views
25 Pages

19 December 2024

In the context of the global response to climate change and the promotion of an energy transition, the Internet of Things (IoT), sensor technologies, and big data analytics have been increasingly used in power systems, contributing to the rapid devel...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Artificial Intelligence and Game Theory)

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Mathematics - ISSN 2227-7390