Helichrysum italicum ssp. italicum Infusion Promotes Fat Oxidation in Hepatocytes and Stimulates Energy Expenditure and Fat Oxidation after Acute Ingestion in Humans: A Pilot Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Chemical Analysis and Sensory Evaluation of HII Infusion
2.2. Baseline Characteristics of Study Participants
2.3. Acute Effects of a Single Ingestion of HII Infusion on Energy Expenditure and Blood Pressure
2.3.1. Resting Energy Expenditure
2.3.2. RQ and Fat Oxidation
2.3.3. Blood Pressure
2.4. In Vitro Experiments in Hepatocytes
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Test Beverages’ Preparation and Chemical Analysis
4.2. Sensory Evaluation of Tea Samples
4.3. Human Pilot Study
4.4. In Vitro Experiments
4.5. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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HII Infusion M ± SD (Min–Max) | Hot Water | |
---|---|---|
Water (g) | 200 | 200 |
Total identified phenolic compounds (mg) | 15.5 ± 4.2 (10.0–20.0) | 0 |
Total hydroxycinnamic acids (mg) | 7.6 ± 1.3 (6.0–9.0) | 0 |
Caffeoylquinic acids (mg) | 3.0 ± 0.8 (2.0–4.0) | 0 |
Total hydroxybenzoic acids (mg) | 0.53 ± 0.17 (0.30–0.70) | 0 |
Total flavonoids (mg) | 1.4 ± 0.4 (1.0–2.0) | 0 |
Total flavonols (mg) | 0.7 ± 0.2 (0.5–0.9) | 0 |
Quercetin and its derivatives (mg) | 0.10 ± 0.05 (0.05–0.15) | 0 |
Kaempferol and its derivatives (mg) | 0.2 ± 0.1 (0.1–0.3) | 0 |
Total arzanol derivatives and other pyrones (mg) | 2.4 ± 0.9 (1.5–3.5) | 0 |
Arzanol (mg) | 0.2 ± 0.1 (0.1–0.3) | 0 |
Mean ± SD All (n = 11) | Mean ± SD Group 1 (n = 6) | Mean ± SD Group 2 (n = 5) | |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 34.7 ± 8.8 | 34.0 ± 8.7 | 35.2 ± 8.8 |
Height (cm) | 182.8 ± 7.4 | 183.3 ± 6.1 | 181.8 ± 9.4 |
Weight (kg) | 76.2 ± 10.6 | 74.5 ± 10.4 | 78.2 ± 10.2 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 22.8 ± 2.1 | 22.3 ± 2.4 | 23.2 ± 1.6 |
Body fat (%) | 13.9 ± 3.1 | 14.2 ± 2.7 | 13.8 ± 4.5 |
Fat mass (kg) | 11.1 ± 3.1 | 11.2 ± 3.5 | 11.1 ± 4.3 |
FFM (kg) | 65.6 ± 9.1 | 63.8 ± 8.7 | 68.3 ± 8.9 |
Blood pressure (mmHg) | 121 ± 8/74 ± 6 | 122 ± 8/75 ± 7 | 119 ± 6/74 ± 3 |
HII Infusion | Hot Water | Effect | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline | 30 min | 120 min | Baseline | 30 min | 120 min | Trial × Time | |
REE (kcal/day) | 1676 ± 56 | 1699 ± 45 | 1738 ± 42 * | 1708 ± 61 | 1669 ± 65 * | 1713 ± 62 | <0.01 |
RQ | 0.88 ± 0.02 | 0.82 ± 0.03 * | 0.82 ± 0.02 * | 0.87 ± 0.02 | 0.83 ± 0.02 | 0.84 ± 0.03 | <0.01 |
Fat (%) | 38 ± 8 | 56 ± 10 * | 59 ± 6 * | 41 ± 8 | 52 ± 9 | 50 ± 7 | <0.01 |
SBP (mmHg) | 120 ± 3 | 118 ± 3 | 120 ± 3 | 124 ± 3 | 121 ± 3 | 120 ± 3 | 0.345 |
DBP (mmHg) | 74 ± 2 | 70 ± 2 * | 71 ± 2 | 72 ± 3 | 71 ± 3 | 69 ± 3 | 0.657 |
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Kenig, S.; Kramberger, K.; Petelin, A.; Bandelj, D.; Baruca Arbeiter, A.; Miklavčič Višnjevec, A.; Peeters, K.; Mohorko, N.; Šik Novak, K.; Jenko Pražnikar, Z. Helichrysum italicum ssp. italicum Infusion Promotes Fat Oxidation in Hepatocytes and Stimulates Energy Expenditure and Fat Oxidation after Acute Ingestion in Humans: A Pilot Study. Plants 2021, 10, 1516. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10081516
Kenig S, Kramberger K, Petelin A, Bandelj D, Baruca Arbeiter A, Miklavčič Višnjevec A, Peeters K, Mohorko N, Šik Novak K, Jenko Pražnikar Z. Helichrysum italicum ssp. italicum Infusion Promotes Fat Oxidation in Hepatocytes and Stimulates Energy Expenditure and Fat Oxidation after Acute Ingestion in Humans: A Pilot Study. Plants. 2021; 10(8):1516. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10081516
Chicago/Turabian StyleKenig, Saša, Katja Kramberger, Ana Petelin, Dunja Bandelj, Alenka Baruca Arbeiter, Ana Miklavčič Višnjevec, Kelly Peeters, Nina Mohorko, Karin Šik Novak, and Zala Jenko Pražnikar. 2021. "Helichrysum italicum ssp. italicum Infusion Promotes Fat Oxidation in Hepatocytes and Stimulates Energy Expenditure and Fat Oxidation after Acute Ingestion in Humans: A Pilot Study" Plants 10, no. 8: 1516. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10081516