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Volume 12
Issue 7
10.3390/metabo12070640
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Article

Impact of Cattle Feeding Strategy on the Beef Metabolome

by
Juan Fernando Morales Gómez
1,
Nara Regina Brandão Cônsolo
1,
Daniel Silva Antonelo
2,
Mariane Beline
1,
Mohammed Gagaoua
3,
Angel Higuera-Padilla
4,
Luiz Alberto Colnago
4,
David Edwin Gerrard
5 and
Saulo Luz Silva
1,*
1
Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil
2
Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil
3
Food Quality and Sensory Science Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, D15 KN3K Dublin, Ireland
4
EMBRAPA Instrumentação, XV de Novembro 1452, São Carlos 13560-970, SP, Brazil
5
School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Metabolites 2022, 12(7), 640; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12070640
Submission received: 20 May 2022 / Revised: 4 July 2022 / Accepted: 10 July 2022 / Published: 13 July 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Insights into Increasing Meat Production Using Omics Technologies)
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Abstract

The present study explored changes in the meat metabolome of animals subjected to different finishing systems and growth rates. Thirty-six Angus × Nellore crossbred steers were used in a completely randomized design with four treatments: (1) feedlot system with high average daily gain (ADG; FH); (2) feedlot system with low ADG (FL); (3) pasture system with high ADG (PH); and (4) pasture system with low ADG (PL). After harvest and chilling, Longissimus thoracis (LT) muscle samples were taken for metabolite profile analysis using nuclear magnetic resonance. Spectrum was analyzed using chenomx software, and multi- and mega-variate data analyses were performed. The PLS-DA showed clear separation between FH and PL groups and overlap among treatments with different finishing systems but similar for matching ADG (FL and PH) treatments. Using a VIP cut-off of around 1.0, ATP and fumarate were shown to be greater in meat from PL cattle, while succinate, leucine, AMP, glutamate, carnosine, inosine, methionine, G1P, and choline were greater in meat from FH. Comparing FL and PH treatments, glutamine, carnosine, urea, NAD+, malonate, lactate, isoleucine, and alanine were greater in the meat of PH cattle, while G6P and betaine were elevated in that of FL cattle. Relevant pathways were also identified by differences in growth rate (FH versus PL) and finishing system were also noted. Growth rate caused a clear difference in meat metabolism that was highlighted by energy metabolism and associated pathways, while the feeding system tended to alter protein and lipid metabolism.
Keywords: feeding system; growth rate; metabolomics; Nellore feeding system; growth rate; metabolomics; Nellore

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MDPI and ACS Style

Gómez, J.F.M.; Cônsolo, N.R.B.; Antonelo, D.S.; Beline, M.; Gagaoua, M.; Higuera-Padilla, A.; Colnago, L.A.; Gerrard, D.E.; Silva, S.L. Impact of Cattle Feeding Strategy on the Beef Metabolome. Metabolites 2022, 12, 640. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12070640

AMA Style

Gómez JFM, Cônsolo NRB, Antonelo DS, Beline M, Gagaoua M, Higuera-Padilla A, Colnago LA, Gerrard DE, Silva SL. Impact of Cattle Feeding Strategy on the Beef Metabolome. Metabolites. 2022; 12(7):640. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12070640

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gómez, Juan Fernando Morales, Nara Regina Brandão Cônsolo, Daniel Silva Antonelo, Mariane Beline, Mohammed Gagaoua, Angel Higuera-Padilla, Luiz Alberto Colnago, David Edwin Gerrard, and Saulo Luz Silva. 2022. "Impact of Cattle Feeding Strategy on the Beef Metabolome" Metabolites 12, no. 7: 640. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12070640

APA Style

Gómez, J. F. M., Cônsolo, N. R. B., Antonelo, D. S., Beline, M., Gagaoua, M., Higuera-Padilla, A., Colnago, L. A., Gerrard, D. E., & Silva, S. L. (2022). Impact of Cattle Feeding Strategy on the Beef Metabolome. Metabolites, 12(7), 640. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12070640

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