Antimicrobial Activity Enhancers: Towards Smart Delivery of Antimicrobial Agents
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Antimicrobial Resistance Mechanism
1.2. Modern Antimicrobial Agents
1.3. Delivery Systems
1.4. Nanomaterials in Antibiotic Delivery
2. Polymeric Delivery Systems
3. Lipid-Based Delivery Systems
3.1. Phospholipid-Based Delivery Systems
3.2. Emulsion-Based Delivery Systems
3.3. Solid Lipid Nanoparticles and Nanostructure Lipid Carrier
4. Preserving Antibiotic Potency by Complexing with Metals
4.1. Silver
4.2. Zinc
4.3. Other Metal-Based Nanoparticles
5. Other Enhancers and Delivery Systems
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
AMR | Antimicrobial resistance |
MDR | Multidrug resistance |
AMP | Antimicrobial peptide |
MRSA | Methicin-resistant Staphyloccocus aureus |
ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
PLGA | Poly lactic-glycolic acid |
PEG | Polyethylene glycol |
SLN | Solid lipid nanoparticles |
NLC | Nanostructured lipid carriers; |
SLPN | Solid lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles |
DOX | Doxycycline |
TIMS, | Tilmicosin |
SDS | Sodium dodecyl sulphate |
PVP | Polyvinylpyrrolidone |
SOS | Save our ship |
rhBMP-2 | Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 |
HACC | Hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride derivatized chitosan |
MIC | Minimum inhibitory concentration |
MBC | Minimum bactericidal concentration |
ZOI | Zone of inhibition |
LCHNPs | Lipid-coated hybrid nanoparticles |
GSH | Glutathione |
PAMAM | Poly(amidoamine) |
PAM | 4-aminophenyl-alpha-d–manno-pyranoside |
PEG-FeNPs | Polyethylene glycol iron oxide nanoparticles |
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Nanoparticles | Antibiotic | Bacteria | Effect | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
Silver | Cefotaxime | E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, S. arlettae | Synergistic effects: 13% for S. aureus; 17% for E. coli; 85% for S. arlettae | [175] |
Streptomycin Ampicillin Tetracycline | E. coli, S. aureus | Ampicillin improved up to 50% against E. coli, streptomycin improved 45% against S. aureus | [176] | |
Ampicillin | Ampicillin-resistant E. coli, P. aeruginosa | MBC 1 1 µg/mL | [177] | |
Vancomycin Amikacin | E. coli, S. aureus | A promising carrier to deliver antibiotics into the bacteria cell | [178] | |
Azithromycin Levofloxacin Tetracycline | S. aureus | Reduction in MIC 2 by 37–97% | [179] | |
Gentamicin Neomycin | S. aureus | Synergistic effect; activity against antibiotic resistance | [180] | |
Zinc | Ciprofloxacin | Bacillus cereus, P. aeruginosa | Synergistic effect; pH-sensitive; slow-release nanocarrier | [181] |
Ciprofloxacin | S. aureus, E. coli | Synergistic effect: ZOI 3 increased 27% and 22% against S. aureus E. coli, respectively | [182] | |
None | None | Improved Safety; pH-sensitive; slow-release nanocarrier | [183] | |
β-lactams Cephalosporin’s Amino glycosides | S. aureus | Synergistic effect: ZOI increased by at least 7 mm | [184] | |
Copper | Tetracycline | S. aureus | Improved antibacterial activity; slow release nanocarrier | [185] |
Iron | Tobramycin | P. aeruginosa | Enhanced biofilm inhibitory activity | [174] |
Erythromycin | S. pneumoniae | MIC decreased 50% | [186] | |
None | S. aureus | Excellent penetrability into biofilm | [187] | |
Gold | Penicillin-G | S. aureus, E. coli, K. pneumonia, P. vulgaris | Significant improvement of antibacterial activity | [188] |
Ampicillin | S. aureus, E. coli, K. mobilis | 50% reduction in dosage with the same antibacterial activity | [189] | |
Ampicillin | Ampicillin-resistant E. coli | Reactivate ampicillin with MBC 1 µg/mL | [177] | |
Kanamycin Gentamicin | E. coli DH5a, Micrococcus luteus, S. aureus | At least 30% decrease in MIC for kanamycin; 50% decrease in MIC and MBC for gentamicin against S. aureus | [190] | |
Cefaclor | S. aureus, E. coli | 5-fold decrease in MIC | [191] | |
Vancomycin | Vancomycin-resistant S. aureus | 6-fold decrease in MIC | [192] |
Bacteria | Antibiotics | Method | Antibacterial Activity | Reference | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Silver + Antibiotics | Antibiotics | ||||
E. coli | Gentamicin | MIC (µg/mL) | 0.07 ± 0.02 | 2.8 ± 0.3 | [165] |
Tobramycin | 0.08 ± 0.02 | 3.2 ± 0.5 | |||
Kanamycin | 0.39 ± 0.10 | 6.8 ± 0.7 | |||
Streptomycin | 0.64 ± 0.14 | 19 ± 4 | |||
Spectinomycin | 12 ± 1 | 20 ± 0.0 | |||
Norfloxacin | 72 ± 5 | 88± 9 | |||
Nalidixic Acid | 3.1 ± 0.3 | 3.8 ± 0.5 | |||
Ampicillin | 2.5 ± 0.4 | 3.2 ± 0.3 | |||
Chloramphenicol | 3.5 ± 0.0 | 5.3 ± 0.4 | |||
Tetracycline | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.8 ± 0.2 | |||
Amikacin | 0.5 | 0.5 | [172] | ||
Cefotaxime | ZOI (mm) | 11.3 ± 2.1 | 10 ± 2 | [144] | |
S. aureus | Gentamicin | MIC (µg/mL) | 0.7 | 1 | [172] |
Cefotaxime | ZOI (mm) | 14 ± 1 | 12 ± 2 | [144] | |
P. aeruginosa | Amikacin | MIC (µg/mL) | 0.4 | 1 | [172] |
Cefotaxime | ZOI (mm) | 9.3 ± 0.6 | 0 | [144] | |
S. arlettae | Cefotaxime | ZOI (mm) | 12 ± 3 | 6.7 ± 0.6 | [144] |
B. subtilis | Gentamicin | MIC (µg/mL) | 1.7 | 32 | [172] |
M. bovis | Rifampicin | 1.1 | 0.5 | ||
M. smegmatis | Rifampicin | 0.5 | 0.85 | ||
Methicillin-resistant S. aureus | Gentamicin | 0.5 | 64 | ||
A. baumannii | Amikacin | 0.4 | 0.06 |
Compound | MIC (µg/mL) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
S. aureus | E. coli | K. pneumonia | P. vulgaris | |
Penicillin-G | 15.8 | 20.4 | 23.2 | 22.6 |
PCo-Penicillin 1 | 6.4 | 8.3 | 8.9 | 7.8 |
PCo-Penicillin + AuNPS | 2.6 | 4.5 | 5.4 | 4.9 |
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Skwarczynski, M.; Bashiri, S.; Yuan, Y.; Ziora, Z.M.; Nabil, O.; Masuda, K.; Khongkow, M.; Rimsueb, N.; Cabral, H.; Ruktanonchai, U.; et al. Antimicrobial Activity Enhancers: Towards Smart Delivery of Antimicrobial Agents. Antibiotics 2022, 11, 412. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11030412
Skwarczynski M, Bashiri S, Yuan Y, Ziora ZM, Nabil O, Masuda K, Khongkow M, Rimsueb N, Cabral H, Ruktanonchai U, et al. Antimicrobial Activity Enhancers: Towards Smart Delivery of Antimicrobial Agents. Antibiotics. 2022; 11(3):412. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11030412
Chicago/Turabian StyleSkwarczynski, Mariusz, Sahra Bashiri, Ye Yuan, Zyta M. Ziora, Osama Nabil, Keita Masuda, Mattaka Khongkow, Natchanon Rimsueb, Horacio Cabral, Uracha Ruktanonchai, and et al. 2022. "Antimicrobial Activity Enhancers: Towards Smart Delivery of Antimicrobial Agents" Antibiotics 11, no. 3: 412. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11030412