A Nanograss Boron and Nitrogen Co-Doped Diamond Sensor Produced via High-Temperature Annealing for the Detection of Cadmium Ions
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Preparation of the NGBND Electrode
2.3. Apparatus
2.4. Electrochemical Measurements
2.5. COMSOL Multiphysics Simulations
3. Results
3.1. Morphology and Structure of NGBND Films
3.2. Electrochemical Performance
3.3. Electrochemical Characterization for Detecting Cd2+
3.4. Simulations of Current Density near the NGBND Tip
3.5. Reproducibility and Selectivity of NGBND
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Electrodes | Technique | Linear Range (μg L−1) | Detection Limit (μg L−1) | Relative Standard Deviation | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
BDD 1 | SWASV 3 | 2–40 | 1.6 | — | [48] |
hydrogen-terminated BDD | SWASV | 5.6–448 | 3.38 | 1.6% | [49] |
Sb/BDD | LSASV 4 | 100–500 | 38.1 | — | [50] |
NDD 2 | SWASV | 1.1–123.2 | 1.1 | — | [51] |
Bi/BDD | SWASV | 20–200 | 2.3 | — | [52] |
Bi/nitrogen carbon/BDD | DPASV 5 | 1–10 | 0.51 | 3.4% | [53] |
graphite/diamond | DPASV | 5–1000 | 0.47 | 14.4% | [54] |
diamond/carbon nanowalls | DPASV | 9.97–996.8 | 9.97 | — | [55] |
NGBND | DPASV | 1–100 | 0.28 | 3.1% | This work |
Lake Water | Added Cd2+ (μg L−1) | Detected (μg L−1) | Recovery (%) | Relative Standard Deviation (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 20 | 19.6 | 97 | 3.8 |
2 | 40 | 41.5 | 104 | 3.2 |
3 | 60 | 61.1 | 102 | 2.6 |
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Yuan, X.; Liang, Y.; Yang, M.; Cheng, S.; Gao, N.; Zhu, Y.; Li, H. A Nanograss Boron and Nitrogen Co-Doped Diamond Sensor Produced via High-Temperature Annealing for the Detection of Cadmium Ions. Nanomaterials 2023, 13, 2955. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13222955
Yuan X, Liang Y, Yang M, Cheng S, Gao N, Zhu Y, Li H. A Nanograss Boron and Nitrogen Co-Doped Diamond Sensor Produced via High-Temperature Annealing for the Detection of Cadmium Ions. Nanomaterials. 2023; 13(22):2955. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13222955
Chicago/Turabian StyleYuan, Xiaoxi, Yaqi Liang, Mingchao Yang, Shaoheng Cheng, Nan Gao, Yongfu Zhu, and Hongdong Li. 2023. "A Nanograss Boron and Nitrogen Co-Doped Diamond Sensor Produced via High-Temperature Annealing for the Detection of Cadmium Ions" Nanomaterials 13, no. 22: 2955. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13222955