Health-Related Quality of Life in Migraine: EQ-5D-5L-Based Study in Routine Clinical Practice
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Patients and Methods
2.1. Study Groups
2.1.1. Study Group with Migraine
2.1.2. Control Group
2.2. Instrument
- the descriptive system;
- the visual analogue scale.
- mobility (MO);
- self-care (SC);
- usual activities (UA);
- pain/discomfort (PD);
- anxiety/depression (AD).
2.3. Statistical Methods
3. Results
3.1. Migraine Patients versus the General Population
3.2. Episodic and Chronic Migraine Patients versus the General Population
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
DALYs | disability-adjusted life-years |
QALY | quality-adjusted life years |
PROMs | patient-reported outcome measures |
HRQoL | health-related quality of life |
SF-36 | Short-Form 36-item health profile |
HIT-6 | 6-item Headache Impact Test |
AIM-D | Activity Impairment in Migraine Diary |
mMIDAS-P | modified Migraine Disability Assessment in Portuguese population |
WPAI | Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire |
HAD | Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale |
EQ-5D | EuroQoL five-dimension questionnaire |
EQ-5D-3L | EuroQoL five-dimension questionnaire three-level |
EQ-5D-5L | EuroQoL five-dimension five-level |
VAS | visual analogue scale. |
MO | mobility |
SC | self-care |
UA | usual activities |
PD | pain/discomfort |
AD | anxiety/depression |
ICHD | International Classification of Headache Disorders |
EM | episodic migraine |
CM | chronic migraine |
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All Migraine Patients | Episodic Migraine | Chronic Migraine | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
N | 100 | 70 | 30 | |
Age, years | mean (SD) | 38.2 (11.9) | 37.9 (11.1) | 38.8 (13.7) |
Range | 16–73 | 16–65 | 17–73 | |
Sex, females, n (%) | 89 (89) | 61 (87) | 28 (93) | |
Type of migraine | without aura (%) | 78 (78) | 51 (72) | 27 (90) |
with aura (%) | 22 (22) | 19 (28) | 3 (10) | |
Medication overuse headache (MOH), n (%) | 6 (6) | 3 (4) | 3 (10) |
Migraine | Episodic Migraine | Chronic Migraine | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patients | Control | Difference (Control—Patients) | Patients | Control | Difference (Control—Patients) | Patients | Control | Difference (Control—Patients) | |
N | 100 | 100 | 70 | 70 | 30 | 30 | |||
EQ-5D-5L Index | |||||||||
mean (SD) | 0.892 (0.149) | 0.955 (0.031) | 0.062 (0.150) * | 0.922 (0.107) | 0.956 (0.026) | 0.034 (0.105) ** | 0.822 (0.204) | 0.952 (0.041) | 0.130 (0.211) * |
95%CI | 0.862–0.922 | 0.948–0.961 | 0.033–0.092 | 0.896–0.947 | 0.949–0.962 | 0.009–0.059 | 0.746–0.898 | 0.936–0.967 | 0.051—0.209 |
EQ VAS | |||||||||
mean (SD) | 71.1 (18.7) | 79.1 (5.9) | 7.9 (18.5) * | 74.5 (17.5) | 79.2 (5.3) | 4.7 (16.5) *** | 63.4 (19.4) | 78.8 (7.1) | 15.4 (20.7) * |
95%CI | 67.4–74.8 | 77.9–80.2 | 4.3–11.6 | 70.3–78.6 | 77.9–80.5 | 0.8–8.7 | 56.2–70.6 | 76.1–81.4 | 7.6–23.1 |
Severity Index | |||||||||
mean (SD) | 7.8 (2.5) | 6.5 (0.9) | −1.3 (2.6) * | 7.3 (2.0) | 6.5 (0.7) | −0.9 (1.9) * | 8.9 (3.3) | 6.6 (1.1) | −2.3 (3.6) * |
95%CI | 7.3–8.3 | 6.3–6.7 | −1.8–−0.8 | 6.8–7.8 | 6.3–6.6 | −1.3–−0.4 | 7.7–10.1 | 6.2–7.0 | −3.7–−1.0 |
N (%) | EQ-5D-5L Index | EQ VAS | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (S.D.) | Multiple Linear Regression Coefficients | p-Value | Mean (S.D.) | Multiple Linear Regression Coefficients | p-Value | ||
Intercept | 200 (100) | 0.923 (0.112) | 0.873 | p < 0.0001 | 75.10 (14.37) | 67.50 | p < 0.0001 |
Sex | |||||||
Male | 22 (11) | 0.920 (0.130) | - | - | 78.06 (14.60) | - | - |
Female | 178 (89) | 0.924 (0.110) | −0.001 | p = 0.964 | 74.74 (14.34) | −5.04 | p = 0.117 |
Age group | |||||||
18–24 years | 28 (14) | 0.929 (0.125) | 0.098 | p = 0.104 | 81.13 (10.95) | 23.36 | p = 0.002 |
25–34 years | 52 (26) | 0.943 (0.136) | 0.097 | p = 0.095 | 79.01 (14.39) | 18.95 | p = 0.008 |
35–44 years | 60 (30) | 0.928 (0.105) | 0.087 | p = 0.143 | 75.19 (13.56) | 16.51 | p = 0.023 |
45–54 years | 40 (20) | 0.905 (0.087) | 0.061 | p = 0.305 | 71.12 (14.75) | 12.09 | p = 0.098 |
55–64 years | 16 (8) | 0.901 (0.073) | 0.064 | p = 0.304 | 64.66 (13.23) | 5.93 | p = 0.434 |
65+ years | 4 (2) | 0.832 (0.088) | - | - | 62.45 (13.22) | - | - |
Migraine diagnosis | |||||||
No migraine | 100 (50) | 0.955 (0.031) | - | - | 79.06 (5.87) | - | - |
Episodic migraine | 70 (35) | 0.922 (0.107) | −0.033 | p = 0.042 | 74.46 (17.47) | −4.65 | p = 0.019 |
Chronic migraine | 30 (15) | 0.822 (0.204) | −0.132 | p < 0.0001 | 63.40 (19.41) | −15.57 | p < 0.0001 |
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Domitrz, I.; Golicki, D. Health-Related Quality of Life in Migraine: EQ-5D-5L-Based Study in Routine Clinical Practice. J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11, 6925. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11236925
Domitrz I, Golicki D. Health-Related Quality of Life in Migraine: EQ-5D-5L-Based Study in Routine Clinical Practice. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2022; 11(23):6925. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11236925
Chicago/Turabian StyleDomitrz, Izabela, and Dominik Golicki. 2022. "Health-Related Quality of Life in Migraine: EQ-5D-5L-Based Study in Routine Clinical Practice" Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 23: 6925. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11236925