Companion Animals’ Roles for AIDS Survivors, Mostly Aging Males, during HIV/AIDS and COVID-19 Pandemics
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
1.1. Long-Term Survivors of the AIDS Pandemic
1.2. Risk Factors Affecting Long-Term AIDS Survivors
1.3. Dog and Cat Companionship during the Pandemics
- How did survivors rate their experienced stigma, aloneness, isolation, sadness/grief, and human support during each of the pandemics?
- Did age or gender play a role in survivors’ reported experiences?
- What companion animals did survivors have during each pandemic, and were the animals related to the aloneness, isolation, sadness/grief, and human support that survivors reported?
- Were there contrasts in experiences among owners of dogs, owners of cats, and non-owners?
2. Materials and Methods
Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Long-Term Survivors’ Experiences of AIDS versus COVID Pandemics
3.2. Risk Factors Impacting Long-Term Survivors during AIDS and COVID
3.3. Long-Term Survivors of AIDS with Dogs or Cats during AIDS or COVID
4. Discussion
- How did survivors compare their experiences with stigma, aloneness, isolation, sadness/grief, and social support during each of the pandemics?
- Did age or gender play a role?
- Were their companion animals related to the survivors’ experiences?
- How did experiences compare between owners of dogs and owners of cats?
4.1. Long-Term Survivors’ Experiences of AIDS versus COVID Pandemics
4.2. Risk Factors Impacting Long-Term Survivors during AIDS and COVID
4.3. Long-Term Survivors of AIDS with Dogs or Cats during a Pandemic
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable/Category | n | Percentage |
---|---|---|
Gender Identity | ||
Female | 30 | 20.41 |
Queer/non-binary | 2 | 1.36 |
Male | 115 | 78.23 |
Sex at Birth | ||
Female | 30 | 20.41 |
Male | 117 | 79.59 |
Orientation | ||
Bi | 6 | 4.08 |
Gay | 115 | 78.23 |
Other | 3 | 2.04 |
Straight | 23 | 15.65 |
Age | ||
18–30 | 1 | 0.68 |
31–40 | 6 | 4.08 |
41–50 | 8 | 5.44 |
51–60 | 55 | 37.41 |
61–70 | 56 | 38.10 |
71–80 | 18 | 12.24 |
81- | 3 | 2.04 |
Pandemic_Pet | ||
Covid Cat | ||
No | 114 | 77.55 |
Yes | 33 | 22.45 |
Covid Dog | ||
No | 82 | 55.78 |
Yes | 65 | 44.22 |
AIDS Cat | ||
No | 97 | 65.99 |
Yes | 50 | 34.01 |
AIDS Dog | ||
No | 95 | 64.63 |
Yes | 52 | 35.37 |
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Hart, L.A.; Thigpen, A.P.; Fine, A.H.; Gorczyca, K.; Willits, N.; Bernaldo, R.; Malzyner, S.; Guillén, J.H.; D’Amato, K. Companion Animals’ Roles for AIDS Survivors, Mostly Aging Males, during HIV/AIDS and COVID-19 Pandemics. Animals 2022, 12, 1449. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12111449
Hart LA, Thigpen AP, Fine AH, Gorczyca K, Willits N, Bernaldo R, Malzyner S, Guillén JH, D’Amato K. Companion Animals’ Roles for AIDS Survivors, Mostly Aging Males, during HIV/AIDS and COVID-19 Pandemics. Animals. 2022; 12(11):1449. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12111449
Chicago/Turabian StyleHart, Lynette A., Abigail P. Thigpen, Aubrey H. Fine, Ken Gorczyca, Neil Willits, Raquel Bernaldo, Stefanie Malzyner, Jesús H. Guillén, and Katherine D’Amato. 2022. "Companion Animals’ Roles for AIDS Survivors, Mostly Aging Males, during HIV/AIDS and COVID-19 Pandemics" Animals 12, no. 11: 1449. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12111449
APA StyleHart, L. A., Thigpen, A. P., Fine, A. H., Gorczyca, K., Willits, N., Bernaldo, R., Malzyner, S., Guillén, J. H., & D’Amato, K. (2022). Companion Animals’ Roles for AIDS Survivors, Mostly Aging Males, during HIV/AIDS and COVID-19 Pandemics. Animals, 12(11), 1449. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12111449