Insects 2017, 8(3), 85; https://doi.org/10.3390/insects8030085
Dietary Supplementation of Honey Bee Larvae with Arginine and Abscisic Acid Enhances Nitric Oxide and Granulocyte Immune Responses after Trauma
Pedro Negri 1,2,*
, Leonor Ramirez 2,3, Silvina Quintana 2,4, Nicolás Szawarski 1,2, Matías Maggi 1,2, Yves Le Conte 5, Lorenzo Lamattina 2,3 and Martin Eguaras 1,2
, Leonor Ramirez 2,3, Silvina Quintana 2,4, Nicolás Szawarski 1,2, Matías Maggi 1,2, Yves Le Conte 5, Lorenzo Lamattina 2,3 and Martin Eguaras 1,21
Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP), Dean Funes 3350, Mar del Plata CP 7600, Argentina
2
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Godoy Cruz 2290, Argentina
3
Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas (IIB-CONICET), UNMdP, Dean Funes 3350, Mar del Plata CP 7600, Argentina
4
Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Farestaie, Mar del Plata CP 7600, Argentina
5
INRA Centre de Recherche Provence-Alpes-Côted’Azur, Unitè Abeilles et Environnement, UMR PrADE, Domaine Saint Paul, Site Agroparc, Avignon F-84914, France
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 24 May 2017 / Revised: 18 July 2017 / Accepted: 5 August 2017 / Published: 15 August 2017
Abstract
Many biotic and abiotic stressors impact bees’ health, acting as immunosupressors and contribute to colony losses. Thus, the importance of studying the immune response of honey bees is central to develop new strategies aiming to enhance bees’ fitness to confront the threats affecting them. If a pathogen breaches the physical and chemical barriers, honey bees can protect themselves from infection with cellular and humoral immune responses which represent a second line of defense. Through a series of correlative studies we have previously reported that abscisic acid (ABA) and nitric oxide (NO) share roles in the same immune defenses of Apis mellifera (A. mellifera). Here we show results supporting that the supplementation of bee larvae’s diet reared in vitro with l-Arginine (precursor of NO) or ABA enhanced the immune activation of the granulocytes in response to wounding and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection. View Full-TextKeywords:
Apis mellifera; abscisic acid; nitric oxide; immune response
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Negri, P.; Ramirez, L.; Quintana, S.; Szawarski, N.; Maggi, M.; Le Conte, Y.; Lamattina, L.; Eguaras, M. Dietary Supplementation of Honey Bee Larvae with Arginine and Abscisic Acid Enhances Nitric Oxide and Granulocyte Immune Responses after Trauma. Insects 2017, 8, 85.
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