Targeted Therapies for Multiple Myeloma
Abstract
:1. Basic Biology of Plasma Cell Neoplasms
2. Standard-of-Care Therapy for Multiple Myeloma
3. Novel Therapies
3.1. Monoclonal Antibodies Targeting Cell Surface Antigens
3.1.1. CD38
3.1.2. CD138
3.1.3. B-Cell Maturation Antigen (BCMA)
3.1.4. SLAMF7
3.2. Inhibitors of Nuclear Cytoplasmic Transport Receptors: Exportin 1
3.3. BCL-2 Family Proteins
3.4. HDAC Inhibitors
3.5. Plitadepsin
3.6. Other Novel Targeted Therapies
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Authors | Product | Total Number of Patients * | ORR of All Patients | Duration of Response | Optimal Cell Dose | Number of Patients with Optimal Dose | ORR at Optimal Dose | Median Duration of Follow Up |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mailankody et al. [86] | Allogeneic BCMA CAR-T cells with CD52 monoclonal antibody | 27 | 11/27 (40%) | Not reported | 3.2 × 108 | 10 | 6/10 (60%) | 3.2 months |
Alsina et al. [87] | Autologous BCMA CAR-T cells culture with PI3K inhitibor | 59 | 40/59 (68%) | 17 months (estimated) | 4.5 × 108 | 33 | 24/33 (73%) | 5.8 months |
Lin et al. [88] | Autologous BCMA CAR-T cells | 62 | 47/62 (75.8%) | 10.3 months | 8 × 108 | 3 | 3/3 (100%) | 18.1 months |
Hao et al. [89] | Autologous fully humanised BCMA CAR-T cells | 24 | 21/24 (87.5%) | 21.8 months | 1.5 × 108 | 21 | Not reported | 17.7 months |
Kumar et al. [90] | Autologous BCMA CAR-T cells | 18 | 17/18 (94%) | Not reported | 2.5–3 × 108 | 6 | Not reported | 6 months |
Costello et al. [91] | Autologous BCMA CAR-T cells manufactured with nanoplasmids | 30 | 17/30 (57%) | Not reported | 8.47 × 108 | 4 | 3/4 (75%) | Not reported |
Madduri et al. [92] | Autologous BCMA CAR-T cells | 97 | 94/97 (96.9%) | Not reached | 0.5–1.0 × 106/kg | 97 | 94/97 (96.9%) | 12.4 months |
Jiang et al. [93] | Autologous BCMA/CD19 dual CAR-T cells | 16 | 15/16 (93.6%) | Not reported | 3 x 105/kg | 6 | 6/6 (100%) | 7.3 months |
An et al. [94] | Second-generation Autologous BCMA CAR-T cells | 23 | 22/23 (95.7%) | Not reached | 4.5–6 × 106/kg | 9 | 8/9 (88.9%) | 6.2 months |
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Leow, C.C.-Y.; Low, M.S.Y. Targeted Therapies for Multiple Myeloma. J. Pers. Med. 2021, 11, 334. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11050334
Leow CC-Y, Low MSY. Targeted Therapies for Multiple Myeloma. Journal of Personalized Medicine. 2021; 11(5):334. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11050334
Chicago/Turabian StyleLeow, Christopher Chang-Yew, and Michael Sze Yuan Low. 2021. "Targeted Therapies for Multiple Myeloma" Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, no. 5: 334. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11050334
APA StyleLeow, C. C.-Y., & Low, M. S. Y. (2021). Targeted Therapies for Multiple Myeloma. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 11(5), 334. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11050334