The Influence of Trial-By-Trial Feedback on Trust in Health, First-Episode and Chronic Psychosis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Sample Characteristics
2.2. Trust Game Behaviour
2.3. Feedback Response
2.4. Reward Magnitude Sensitivity
2.5. Associations with Symptoms
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Participants
4.2. Trust Game
4.3. Other Measures
4.4. Procedure
4.5. Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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HCs (n = 39) | FEPs (n = 102) | CPs (n = 43) | |
---|---|---|---|
Gender, n male (%) | 24 (61.5%) | 71 (70.3%) | 37 (86.0%) * |
Age, M (SD) | 34.05 (9.76) ** | 26.55 (5.89) ** | 41.05 (10.52) ** |
WASI, M (SD) | 118.11 (11.46) ** | 99.28 (16.46) | 94.45 (15.63) |
Years of Education, M (SD) | 18.25 (3.03) ** | 15.07 (3.73) | 13.79 (3.64) |
Ethnical Background, n (%) | |||
White/Caucasian | 24 (61.5%) ** | 27 (26.5%) | 14 (32.5%) |
Black/African | 2 (5.1%) ** | 54 (52.9%) | 27 (62.8%) |
Other/Mixed | 13 (33.3%) | 19 (18.6%) | - |
Missing | - | 2 (2.0%) | 2 (4.7%) |
PANSS | |||
Positive Symptoms | 13.16 (5.49) * | 15.77 (5.62) | |
Negative Symptoms | 12.97 (5.45) ** | 16.40 (6.00) | |
General Symptoms | 29.64 (7.93) | 29.51 (9.34) | |
Total Score | 55.78 (16.22) * | 62.12 (18.52) | |
Diagnoses, n (%) | |||
Schizophrenia | 14 (13.7%) | 43 (100%) | |
Schizoaffective Disorder | 21 (20.6%) | - | |
Other Psychotic Disorders | 53 (52.0%) | - | |
Missing | 14 (13.7%) | - | |
Medication, n (%) | |||
Atypical Antipsychotics | 91 (89.2%) | 35 (81.4%) | |
Typical Antipsychotics | 3 (2.9%) ** | 8 (18.6%) | |
No Medication | 5 (4.9%) | - | |
Missing | 3 (2.9%) | - |
HCs (n = 39) | FEPs (n = 102) | CPs (n = 43) | |
---|---|---|---|
Feedback Response | |||
Total over trials M (SD) | 12.97 (12.32) | 5.63 (10.75) ** | 7.37 (11.86) + |
Mean per trial M (SD) | 0.68 (0.65) | 0.30 (0.57) ** | 0.39 (0.62) + |
First Investment M (SD) | 6.97 (2.47) | 6.00 (2.42) | 6.30 (2.38) |
Mean Investment M (SD) | 7.68 (1.57) | 6.58 (1.61) * | 6.68 (1.64) * |
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Lemmers-Jansen, I.L.J.; Wichmann, R.J.; Perizonius, S.; Shergill, S.S. The Influence of Trial-By-Trial Feedback on Trust in Health, First-Episode and Chronic Psychosis. Games 2022, 13, 59. https://doi.org/10.3390/g13050059
Lemmers-Jansen ILJ, Wichmann RJ, Perizonius S, Shergill SS. The Influence of Trial-By-Trial Feedback on Trust in Health, First-Episode and Chronic Psychosis. Games. 2022; 13(5):59. https://doi.org/10.3390/g13050059
Chicago/Turabian StyleLemmers-Jansen, Imke L. J., Rune J. Wichmann, Sophie Perizonius, and Sukhi S. Shergill. 2022. "The Influence of Trial-By-Trial Feedback on Trust in Health, First-Episode and Chronic Psychosis" Games 13, no. 5: 59. https://doi.org/10.3390/g13050059
APA StyleLemmers-Jansen, I. L. J., Wichmann, R. J., Perizonius, S., & Shergill, S. S. (2022). The Influence of Trial-By-Trial Feedback on Trust in Health, First-Episode and Chronic Psychosis. Games, 13(5), 59. https://doi.org/10.3390/g13050059