Harnessing NK Cell Checkpoint-Modulating Immunotherapies
1
Institute of cellular therapeutics, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
2
Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
3
Institute of Clinical Immunology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Cancers 2020, 12(7), 1807; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12071807
Received: 31 May 2020 / Revised: 30 June 2020 / Accepted: 2 July 2020 / Published: 6 July 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antigens and Cancer Therapy)
During the host immune response, the precise balance of the immune system, regulated by immune checkpoint, is required to avoid infection and cancer. These immune checkpoints are the mainstream regulator of the immune response and are crucial for self-tolerance. During the last decade, various new immune checkpoint molecules have been studied, providing an attractive path to evaluate their potential role as targets for effective therapeutic interventions. Checkpoint inhibitors have mainly been explored in T cells until now, but natural killer (NK) cells are a newly emerging target for the determination of checkpoint molecules. Simultaneously, an increasing number of therapeutic dimensions have been explored, including modulatory and inhibitory checkpoint molecules, either causing dysfunction or promoting effector functions. Furthermore, the combination of the immune checkpoint with other NK cell-based therapeutic strategies could also strengthen its efficacy as an antitumor therapy. In this review, we have undertaken a comprehensive review of the literature to date regarding underlying mechanisms of modulatory and inhibitory checkpoint molecules.
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Keywords:
Natural killer cell (NK); cancer immunotherapy (CI); immune checkpoint costimulatory; immune therapeutics; modulatory immune checkpoint; inhibitory immune checkpoint
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Chauhan, S.K.S.; Koehl, U.; Kloess, S. Harnessing NK Cell Checkpoint-Modulating Immunotherapies. Cancers 2020, 12, 1807.
AMA Style
Chauhan SKS, Koehl U, Kloess S. Harnessing NK Cell Checkpoint-Modulating Immunotherapies. Cancers. 2020; 12(7):1807.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChauhan, Sachin K.S.; Koehl, Ulrike; Kloess, Stephan. 2020. "Harnessing NK Cell Checkpoint-Modulating Immunotherapies" Cancers 12, no. 7: 1807.
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