Highly Active Nanocrystalline ZnO and Its Photo-Oxidative Properties towards Acetone Vapor
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Synthesis of Nanocrystalline ZnO
- (1)
- A total of 50 g of commercial ZnO (ACS Reagent, ≥99.0%) was placed in a 3 L beaker, and 1.75 L of deionized water was added to it. The resulting suspension was stirred at 400 rpm using an overhead stirrer at a temperature of 22–25 °C for 30 min to increase the hydration of the surface of the ZnO particles and enhance their reactivity.
- (2)
- Then, 500 g of NH4HCO3 (BioUltra, ≥99.5%) was poured into a ZnO suspension, which was accompanied by foaming and cooling of the reaction mixture by 10–15 °C. Stirring was continued for 90 min, after which the resulting precipitate was sedimented and washed three times with deionized water by decantation. The precipitate obtained was marked as “ZnO-Prec(1)”.
- (3)
- The washed precipitate ZnO-Prec(1) was again suspended in 1 L of deionized water; the resulting suspension was heated up to 90 °C until no more gas evolved. After cooling and sedimenting, the precipitate was washed three times with deionized water, separated on a Buchner funnel, and washed with additional water and ethanol. The precipitate obtained was marked as “ZnO-Prec(2)”.
- (4)
- The ZnO-Prec(2) precipitate (and samples of ZnO-Prec(1) for further characterization) was dried at a temperature of 70 °C in air overnight and then annealed at a temperature of 300 °C in air for 24 h. The yield of nanocrystalline ZnO was approximately 86%.
2.2. Characterization of Samples
2.3. Gas-Phase Photo-Oxidation of Acetone
3. Results
3.1. Phase Composition
3.2. Morphology of Synthesized Materials
3.3. Optical Properties
3.4. Elemental Composition and Charge States of Atoms
3.5. Gas-Phase Photo-Oxidation Acetone over ZnO
3.6. Discussion
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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BE Position, eV | Content, at.% | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
O1s | C1s | N1s | Zn2p | O1s | C1s | N1s | |
1021.3(I) | 530.0(I) | 284.8(I) | 399.9 | 34.5(I) | 23.7(I) | 13.1(I) | 0.1 |
1022.1(II) | 530.8(II) | 286.2(II) | 3.9(II) | 8.8(II) | 2.6(II) | ||
531.8(III) | 288.8(III) | 10.4(III) | 2.9(III) | ||||
38.4 | 42.9 | 18.6 | 0.1 |
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Chizhov, A.; Kutukov, P.; Gulin, A.; Astafiev, A.; Rumyantseva, M. Highly Active Nanocrystalline ZnO and Its Photo-Oxidative Properties towards Acetone Vapor. Micromachines 2023, 14, 912. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14050912
Chizhov A, Kutukov P, Gulin A, Astafiev A, Rumyantseva M. Highly Active Nanocrystalline ZnO and Its Photo-Oxidative Properties towards Acetone Vapor. Micromachines. 2023; 14(5):912. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14050912
Chicago/Turabian StyleChizhov, Artem, Pavel Kutukov, Alexander Gulin, Artyom Astafiev, and Marina Rumyantseva. 2023. "Highly Active Nanocrystalline ZnO and Its Photo-Oxidative Properties towards Acetone Vapor" Micromachines 14, no. 5: 912. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14050912