The Premium of Hilsa Sanctuary: A Socio-Economic and Ecological Evaluation from the Meghna Estuary, Bangladesh
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Demographic Features of Hilsa Fishers
3.2. Community Perceptions on Consequence of Sanctuary Establishment
3.3. Socio-Economic Implications of Sanctuaries Establishment
3.3.1. Impacts on Livelihood Capitals
3.3.2. Impacts of Hilsa Sanctuaries on Livelihood Strategies and Outcome
3.4. Perceived Ecological Outcomes
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Serial No. | Description of Sanctuary | Ban Period |
---|---|---|
1 | From Shantol of Chandpur district to Char Alexander of Laxmipur (100 km of lower Meghna estuary) | March to April |
2 | Madanpur/Char Ilisha to Char Pial in Bhola district (90 km area of Shahbajpur river, a tributary of the Meghna) | March to April |
3 | Beduria of Bhola district to Char Rustam of Patuakhali district (nearly 100 km area of Tetulia river) | March to April |
4 | Whole 40 km stretch of Andharmanik river in Kalapara upazila of Patuakhali district. | November to January |
5 | Lower Padma river at Shariatpur district (20 km stretch of the Padma river) | March to April |
6 | From Hizla to Mehendiganj at Barisal district (83 km-long stripe in Meghna River) | March to April |
Variables | Description | Mean (±SD) | Percentage (%) |
---|---|---|---|
Age | Age of respondent (year) | 33 (±5) | - |
Education | Illiterate | 39 | |
Primary school (class I to V) | 46 | ||
Secondary school (class VI to X) | 15 | ||
Household composition | Number of members | 6 (±2) | - |
Occupation | Main occupation is fishing | 1 (±3) | 93 |
Experience | Number of years working in the fishing profession (year) | 15 (±7) | - |
Income | Respondent’s net yearly income | USD 1103.48 (±120.83) | - |
Secondary occupation | Respondent having secondary occupation | - | 37 |
Target species | Main target is hilsa | - | 93 |
Fishing craft | Length of fishing boat (feet) | 27 (±9) | - |
Non-motorized boat | - | 79 | |
Engine powered boat | - | 21 | |
Government assistance | Respondent receives government assistance | 62 | |
Access to credit | Respondent able to access affordable credit | - | 86 |
Organization membership | Respondent belongs to a social organization/group | - | 57 |
Capital Assets | Perceived Influences | |
---|---|---|
Positive | Negative | |
Financial capital |
|
|
Human capital |
|
|
Social capital |
|
|
Physical capital |
|
|
Natural capital |
|
Livelihood Strategies | Perceived Outcomes |
---|---|
Fishing and harvesting (for income or subsistence) | Impact on increasing poverty Little impact on decreasing food security Much impact on decreasing well-being (e.g., traditions, culture, social, conflicts) |
Aquaculture | None as no local involvement More vulnerable to risks |
Management | Minimal increases in employment Minimal increases in wealth Decreased well-being (e.g., dignity) |
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Talukdar, A.; Schneider, P.; Begum, A.; Kawsar, M.A.; Sultana, M.A.; Sumon, T.A.; Nabi, M.R.-U.-; Mozumder, M.M.H.; Shamsuzzaman, M.M. The Premium of Hilsa Sanctuary: A Socio-Economic and Ecological Evaluation from the Meghna Estuary, Bangladesh. Sustainability 2022, 14, 7782. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14137782
Talukdar A, Schneider P, Begum A, Kawsar MA, Sultana MA, Sumon TA, Nabi MR-U-, Mozumder MMH, Shamsuzzaman MM. The Premium of Hilsa Sanctuary: A Socio-Economic and Ecological Evaluation from the Meghna Estuary, Bangladesh. Sustainability. 2022; 14(13):7782. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14137782
Chicago/Turabian StyleTalukdar, Anuradha, Petra Schneider, Amany Begum, Md. Abu Kawsar, Mst. Armina Sultana, Tofael Ahmed Sumon, Md. Rashed-Un- Nabi, Mohammad Mojibul Hoque Mozumder, and Md. Mostafa Shamsuzzaman. 2022. "The Premium of Hilsa Sanctuary: A Socio-Economic and Ecological Evaluation from the Meghna Estuary, Bangladesh" Sustainability 14, no. 13: 7782. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14137782