Costs and Benefits of Implementing Green Building Economic Incentives: Case Study of a Gross Floor Area Concession Scheme in Hong Kong
1
Department of Urban Planning, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 51000, China
2
Center for Agency Policy Studies, Guangdong Urban and Rural Planning and Design Institute, Guangzhou 51000, China
3
Department of Building and Real Estate, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
4
Department of Building Services Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sustainability 2018, 10(8), 2814; https://doi.org/10.3390/su10082814
Received: 21 July 2018
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Revised: 2 August 2018
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Accepted: 3 August 2018
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Published: 8 August 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Various Energy Efficiency Measures on the Thermal and Energy Performance of Buildings)
Economic incentives are widely used to promote green buildings (GB) and consume social resources. However, few studies evaluate the costs and benefits of implementing economic incentives, including hidden costs and benefits. This paper applies cost–benefits analysis (CBA) and transaction cost (TC) theory to systematically evaluate the costs and benefits of implementing the green building economic incentives, with focused study on the Gross Floor Area (GFA) Concession Scheme in Hong Kong. The data of costs and benefits indicate how the GFA Concession Scheme motivates stakeholders and how much it benefits the built environment, which provides a solid foundation for the improvement of the GFA Concession Scheme. Expert interviews were conducted to verify and compliment the new CBA framework and provide empirical evidence for policy-makers and researchers to better understand the allocation of costs and benefits. The results show that the effectiveness of the GFA Concession Scheme is readily justified even if it has caused a lot of extra transaction costs and actual costs. A 10% GFA concession attracts developers to enter the GB market but discourages them to go for a higher level of GB. It is the right time to differentiate the GFA concession to promote a higher level of GB.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Fan, K.; Chan, E.H.W.; Chau, C.K. Costs and Benefits of Implementing Green Building Economic Incentives: Case Study of a Gross Floor Area Concession Scheme in Hong Kong. Sustainability 2018, 10, 2814. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10082814
AMA Style
Fan K, Chan EHW, Chau CK. Costs and Benefits of Implementing Green Building Economic Incentives: Case Study of a Gross Floor Area Concession Scheme in Hong Kong. Sustainability. 2018; 10(8):2814. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10082814
Chicago/Turabian StyleFan, Ke, Edwin H.W. Chan, and C. K. Chau. 2018. "Costs and Benefits of Implementing Green Building Economic Incentives: Case Study of a Gross Floor Area Concession Scheme in Hong Kong" Sustainability 10, no. 8: 2814. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10082814
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