In Vivo Cytotoxicity Induced by 60 Hz Electromagnetic Fields under a High-Voltage Substation Environment
by
J. Antonio Heredia-Rojas 1, Abraham Octavio Rodríguez-De la Fuente 1,*
, Ricardo Gomez-Flores 1, Omar Heredia-Rodríguez 1, Laura E. Rodríguez-Flores 2, Michaela Beltcheva 3 and Ma. Esperanza Castañeda-Garza 1
J. Antonio Heredia-Rojas 1, Abraham Octavio Rodríguez-De la Fuente 1,*, Ricardo Gomez-Flores 1, Omar Heredia-Rodríguez 1, Laura E. Rodríguez-Flores 2, Michaela Beltcheva 3 and Ma. Esperanza Castañeda-Garza 1
1
Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Universidad S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Nuevo León, Mexico
2
Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Francisco I. Madero pte. S/N, Col. Mitras Centro, Monterrey 66460, Nuevo León, Mexico
3
Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1 Tzar Osvoboditel Blvd., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sustainability 2018, 10(8), 2789; https://doi.org/10.3390/su10082789
Received: 21 June 2018 / Revised: 26 July 2018 / Accepted: 30 July 2018 / Published: 7 August 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electromagnetic Waves Pollution)
Living beings permanently receive electromagnetic radiation, particularly from extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs), which may cause adverse health effects. In this work, we studied the in vivo cytotoxic effects of exposing BALB/c mice to 60 Hz and 8.8 µT EMFs during 72 h and 240 h in a switchyard area, using animals exposed to 60 Hz and 2.0 mT EMFs or treated with 5 mg/kg mitomycin C (MMC) as positive controls. Micronucleus (MN) frequency and male germ cell analyses were used as cytological endpoints. ELF-EMF exposure was observed to significantly (p < 0.05) increase MN frequency at all conditions tested, with the 2 mT/72 h treatment causing the highest response, as compared with untreated control. In addition, increased sperm counts were observed after switchyard area ELF-EMF exposure, as compared with untreated control. In contrast, low sperm counts were obtained for 72 h/2.0 mT-exposed animals and for MMC-treated mice (p < 0.05), without altering male germ cell morphological characteristics.
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Keywords:
electromagnetic fields; cytotoxicity; micronuclei; sperm abnormalities
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MDPI and ACS Style
Heredia-Rojas, J.A.; Rodríguez-De la Fuente, A.O.; Gomez-Flores, R.; Heredia-Rodríguez, O.; Rodríguez-Flores, L.E.; Beltcheva, M.; Castañeda-Garza, M.E. In Vivo Cytotoxicity Induced by 60 Hz Electromagnetic Fields under a High-Voltage Substation Environment. Sustainability 2018, 10, 2789.
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