Helicobacter pylori Gastritis, a Presequeale to Coronary Plaque

Helicobacter pylori are considered the most common human pathogen colonizing gastric mucosa. Gastritis with or without H. pylori infection is associated with increase in levels of homocysteine and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) but a more pronounced increase is noted in gastritis with H. pylori infection. Increasing level of homocysteine, due to decreased absorption of vitamin B₁₂ and folic acid, together with increased CRP levels in gastritis with H. pylori infection may be the earliest event in the process of atherosclerosis and plaque formation. Retrospective study conducted at tertiary care hospital in Mumbai by Department of Biochemistry in association with Department of Surgery. Eighty patients who underwent gastroscopy in view of gastritis were subjected to rapid urease test for diagnosis of H. pylori infection. Vitamin B₁₂, folic acid, homocysteine and hs-CRP were analyzed using chemiluminescence immuno assay. Student’s t-test, Pearson’s correlation and linear regression used for statistical analysis. Patients with H. pylori gastritis had significantly lower levels of vitamin B₁₂ (271.6 ± 101.3 vs. 390.6 ± 176.7 pg/mL; P = 0.0005), as well as higher levels of homocysteine (17.4 ± 7.4 vs. 13.8 ± 7.8 mmol/L; P = 0.037) and hs-CRP (2.5 ± 2.9 vs. 1.2 ± 1.1 mg/L; P = 0.017), than in patients without H. pylori gastritis. However, folic acid showed (8.9 ± 3.2 vs. 10.0 ± 3.6 ng/mL; P = 0.171) no significant difference. Elevated homocysteine and hs-CRP in H. pylori gastritis may independently induce endothelial dysfunction, leading to cardiovascular pathology.