The Effect of Adjunctive Use of Hyaluronic Acid on Prevalence of Porphyromonas gingivalis in Subgingival Biofilm in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis: A Systematic Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Protocol Development and Registration
2.2. Review Question
2.3. Eligibility Criteria
2.4. Search Strategy and Data Sources
2.5. Study Selection
2.6. Risk of Bias Assessment
2.7. Data Synthesis
3. Results
3.1. Study Selection and Description
3.1.1. Engström et al., 2001 [37]
3.1.2. Xu et al., 2004 [38]
3.1.3. Eick et al., 2013 [39]
3.1.4. Nguyen et al., 2021 [40]
3.1.5. Vajawat et al., 2022 [41]
3.2. Risk of Bias
3.3. Meta-Analysis
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Study | Subjects | Design | HA Application | Sampling and Quantification Techniques | Results |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Engström et al., 2001 [37] | Nine participants (4 males and 5 females) Diagnosis: chronic periodontitis | Randomized, controlled In each participant: one tooth as test and another as control, same jaw, at least two teeth in between | Professional subgingival application 3 times at 1-week interval 0.85 mL containing 1.4% HA | Sampling: sterile paper point Identification: Presence or absence by Brucella-blood agar culture and UV-light fluorescence identification | Test: Presence of P.g in 1 subject (of 9) at three months. Absence in 9 (of 9) at all other time intervals. Control: presence in 1 (of 9) at three months. Absence in 9 (of 9) at all other time intervals. |
Xu et al., 2004 [38] | 20 participants (11 males 9 females) Diagnosis: chronic periodontitis | Split-mouth, non-randomized | Weekly professional subgingival application (baseline to 6 weeks, total 7 applications) 1 mL 0.2% hyaluronic acid gel | Sampling: sterile paper points Identification: Positive or negative using PCR and reverse hybridization | Prevalence of P.g: Test: BL = 65%, 6W = 60%, 12W = 50% Control: BL = 65%, 6W = 50%, 12W = 60% |
Eick et al., 2013 [39] | 34 participants (14 males and 20 females) Diagnosis: moderate or severe periodontitis | Randomized, controlled, non-masked | 1-Professional subgingival application immediately after SRP: 0.8% gel (1800 kDa) 2-Twice/day at home application for 14 days: 0.2% 1000 kDa) | Sampling: Paper strips at the deepest site at premolar and molar areas Identification: PCR positive or negative | Prevalence of P.g: Test: BL = 59%, 3M = 59%, 6M = 59% Control: BL = 47%, 3M = 53%, 6M = 76% |
Nguyen et al., 2021 [40] | 28 participants (6 males and 22 females) Diagnosis: moderate or severe periodontitis | Randomized, controlled, double-blinded, split-mouth | Professional subgingival application of 1 mL 02% HA gel at baseline, 1 week, 2 weeks, and 3 weeks. | Sampling: paper point at the deepest pocket Identification: bacterial load as log10 copies per mL by Real-time PCR | Quantity of P.g: Test: BL = 4.09 ± 2.82, 6W = 2.00 ± 2.66 Control: BL = 3.96 ± 3.18, 6W = 2.77 ± 2.53 |
Vajawat et al., 2022 [41] | 11 smokers 11 non-smokers (22 subjects, 44 sites) Diagnosis: chronic periodontitis | Randomized, controlled, double-blinded, split-mouth | Professional weekly application of a gel containing high-molecular-weight sodium hyaluronate | Sampling: sub-gingival plaque collection using a Gracy’s curette Identification: colony forming units counting on agar plates | p-value of test vs. control: Smokers: BL = 0.173, 1M = 0.007 Non-smokers: BL = 0.964, 1M = 0.038 |
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Alshehri, F.A.; Alharbi, M.S. The Effect of Adjunctive Use of Hyaluronic Acid on Prevalence of Porphyromonas gingivalis in Subgingival Biofilm in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis: A Systematic Review. Pharmaceutics 2023, 15, 1883. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15071883
Alshehri FA, Alharbi MS. The Effect of Adjunctive Use of Hyaluronic Acid on Prevalence of Porphyromonas gingivalis in Subgingival Biofilm in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis: A Systematic Review. Pharmaceutics. 2023; 15(7):1883. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15071883
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlshehri, Fahad A., and Meshal S. Alharbi. 2023. "The Effect of Adjunctive Use of Hyaluronic Acid on Prevalence of Porphyromonas gingivalis in Subgingival Biofilm in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis: A Systematic Review" Pharmaceutics 15, no. 7: 1883. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15071883